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tur tournesol Gallorum ” by Tournefort inst. 655 ; was observed by Forskal, Sibthorp, and Chaubard,
irequent from the Peloponnesus and Crete to the Dardanelles ; is known to grow also in Barbary
(Pers.) ; is besides cultivated in Southern France “ for the deep purple dye called tiirmoUp and its
seeds ground “ and mixed with oil are enqaloyed as a cathartic ” (LindL).
Lroton (Crozophora) villosum — described as distinct, and called in Greece “ eliotropion ”
(Sibth.) ; in which we recognize the “ heliotropium ” worn by the Magians in intermittent fevers, and
termed “ tricoccum ” by Pliny xxii. 29 : the “ herba Solaris ” of Celsus v. 27 may also be compared,
as well as the “ solago minor” of Apuleius 63 : C. villosum is termed “ ricinoides ex qua paratur ,
tournesol Gallorum folio oblongo et villoso ” by Tournefort cor. 45, and was observed by him, Sibthorp,
and Chaubard from the Peloponnesus-throughout the Greek islands, --
Croton {Crozophoni) plicatiim of Tropical Arabia. An allied species — called in Hindustanee
“ souballi,” in Bengalee “ khoodi-okra ” (Drur.), in Nubia “ qoddeh ” (D e l ) ; observed by Delile
from Cairo to Nubia, where it is called “ qoddeh ; ” by myself, a weed in cultivated ground in Upper
Egypt. Eastward, is known to grow in Yemen (Pers.) ; was received by N. L. Burmann pl. 62 from
Hindustan; was observed by Graham around Bombay, “ common on rice fields in the cold weather,”
by myself occurring as a weed on ly ; by Drury, “ common in the Peninsula ; ” by Roxburgh, and
Ainslie as far as Bengal and Behar.
As early perhaps as this date (Graha Munjari tables), Vrishaparvan reigning in Hindustan ; a
grandson of Dacsha — according to the Puranas (Bentley as. res. viii. p. 230).
Seventy-fifth generation. Jan. rst, 1800, mostly beyond youth :
“ 1797 B. C. = 22d year of Kie-kouei ” (Chinese chron. table), beginning of the Fifteenth cycle.
“ In the time of the H ia ” (topog. Cant, and Pauth. p. 472), arrival in China of “ islanders,
bringing as tribute garments embroidered with flowers.”
Chrysanthemum Indicum of Japan. Called in English gardens Christmas flower (Graham)
from flowering late, in Egypt “ karaou^ ” (Clot-Bey), in the environs of Bombay “ gool daodee ” (Graham),
in Japan “ k ik o k f” or. “ k ik u ” (Thunb.), and probably the flower copied on the embroiclered
g a rm en ts :* — was observed by Kaempfer, and Thunberg, wild in Japan, cultivated besides around
dwellings. Westward, the “ kiu-hoa ” flower was embroidered on dresses of the Chinese empress
and ladies of the court under the Tcheou dynasty, is mentioned also in the Chin-nong herbal, Eulh-
ya dictionary, Tchun-tsieou of Confucius, and in Li-ki (Cibot mem. Chin, iii.): was observed by
Mason “ exotic ” in Burmah ; by Rumphius v. pl. 91, in the Malayan archipelago ; by Rheede x pl.
44, in M alaba r; by Graham “ very common in gardens ” around Bombay, and by myself, flowers
among temple-offerings on the Deccan. Farther West, was observed by Clot-Bey in Egypt, where
it seems recently introduced, having perhaps previously reached France (Bomatuelle journ. hist, nat.
ii. and Pers ). By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it continues frequent
in greenhouses and gardens.
“ In the time of Oanamuchi-no-mikoto, long before the historical period” (old Jap. legends, and
Jap. centen. comm. 59), pottery mvenXed in Japan by Oosei-tsumi, — ‘‘ afterward honored with the
divine appellation of Kami.” ’
The title “ ra-chu-te-ti ” of a king of the Fifteenth dynasty not found on contemporaneous
monuments, — is next in succession in the chamber of kings at Karnak.
17S5 B. C. ( = 1815 — “ 30 y e a r s ” of Gen. xi. 18), Reu born to Peleg.
“ 17S3 B. C. = 1st year of Tching-tang” — (Chinese chron. table).
1782 B. C. ( = 1752 -(- “ 30 y e a r s ” of Euseb. i. and ii., and Syncell.), accession of
Arius as Assyrian emperor. He is called Areius by Julius Africanus.
1773 B. C. ( = ,1712 y. 5 mo. -)- “ 61 y r s ” of Manetho in Jos. c. A. i. 14), accession of the
Hyksos king Apbphis.
The title “ ra-meri-atep ” of a king of the Fifteenth dynasty not found on contemporaneous
monuments, — is next in the order of succession in the chamber of kings
at Karnak,
Seventy-sixth generation. May ist, 1767, mostly beyond youth :
K - Z “ 1766 B. C. = i8th year of Tching-tang; who vanquishing Kie,” now becomes the
* Cycas revoluta of Subtropical Japan. Called “ sotetsu,” three to five feet high, with its palmlike
trunk a foot or more in diameter crowned with long feathery fronds, and from early times cultivated
in gardens— (Jap. c. c. 35): observed by Cleyer iii. 3. 118 (Spreng.), and Kaempfer 897 in
Japan ; by Thunberg trav. and fl. growing spontaneously and often cultivated, its fruit edible, and its
sago-like pith so remarkably nutrient in small quantities that carrying the plant out of the country
is prohibited by law. A description however of the “ tetsjoe ” is given by Rumphius i. pi. 24, A c cording
to Lindley, “ the wounded stem, leaves and fruit, abound in a white transparent mucilage,
which hardens into a sort of gum.”
•>“ '“" ( j T c of Eg >.p. ™ Ch,o,.id. - E . . . Y M . n . , h .
Z l . Afr-M.,.i.JUble giiins . « H + “ ■!. V ” = VPi. '"d ^ «1 S.n
i fo b ’- f “ 400 yrs ” to the reign of the Hyksos king Seti or Saites — 1766), J “ / /
! f th ls ix te e n th dynasty. The title “ ra-s . . . -en-ra,” by the change m style, seems
3 ^ . 2 ^ to indicate a new dynasty ; is not found on contemporaneous monuments, - and is
, ’ ’ / r^Qr- -2-7 vpnrc; ” of Gen xi. 20), Seruff born to Reu.
l y / T c T l I 1 2 + “ 40 y e L s ” of Euseb. i. and ii., and Syhcell), accession of Aralius or
Amvrns, as ®0 P® 0 0 ^ ^i Rabotep, of the Sixteenth dynasty, occurs on contempo-
I raneous n lo n u ln t s ; - and"a different form of apparently the same tide, is next m the .
order of succession in the chamber of kings at Karnak (Leps. k. 0 . _5)-^
‘ 1737 B. C. = 17th year of Tai-kia ” (Chinese chron. table), beginning of the Six-
'°°A*thfod'king of the Sixteenth dynasty, - is designated by his obliterated title next
in order of succession in the chamber of kings at Karnak rrraha Muniari
“ 1726 B C = the Seventh manwantara ” among the Hindus (Graha Munjari
tables) King Turvasu may have been at this time reigning. He is m o r io n « in the
V V V -2 Sama Veda iii 9 (transl. Stev.); and as the son of Yayati and Devayani, m the Puranas;
his brothel Yadu, and half-brothers Druhya, Ann, and Puru, are also mentioned in the Puranas
(Bentley as. res. viii. p. 230).
Saxon “ wermod” or “ wyrm-wyrt,” in Germany “ wermut,” in Old High German
A l U - I v e l n u l t a , ” in Old Saxon “ weremede ” (Prior), in France “ absinfoe” (Nu^nt), m
bBy Euripides, Uiipnim S, y 1 i S emi ployedi besidies mediicinallyf and meixed in a
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