Ó2 2 CH RO NOLOGICAL A R R A N G EM E N T
kinds, “ ubamegashi {Quercus philly raides)," “ nara {Quercus crispuid)," “ chestnut tree” (Casta
" I \ ' +■ ró “ te'toLan {Alnus firm a), aider” {Alnus . . . . ) , “ midzume {Betula ulmifoliaj
s g y a d o a {Betula alba)," “ kurokaba {Rhamnece" . . . . ) , “ beech ” {Fagus . . . . ) , “ keyakí
y i y r a Jaffnica) " “ mukuno-ki {Celtis aspera), yenoki {Celtis Sinensis), hírunire {Ulnlns c a S Z
tn s), yamagnn (.Elaeococca cordata)," “ box tree” {Buxus . . . . ) , “ ¡nu-tsu»e (/lex eren a ta l"
^•katsura {Cercidiphyllum Japonicum)," “ nurude, {Rhus seniialata), \\t%ngI{Deutzia scabrd)"
siunomo, (^ n d ot plum tree), pear tree” {Pyrus . . . . ) , “ kwarin {Pyrus Chinensis)," “ hor?e
a ’t e ' i ,- t e f t e ' ■ ■ ■ ró “ miikurogi, {Sapindus mukurosi), momiji, {Acer poly,siorphnm)"
“ d !a!fch f!‘”Y “ M ovenia dulcis)," “ tonerikp {Fraxmus longicnsts),"
/Y w l 1 V ! ' Japónica)," “ yego {Slyrax . . . . ),” ty m ia “ saru-suberi {Lagers •■ •■ ), y {Diriyhum racemosum)," “ mayumi {Euonymus Sieboldianus)," “ ?oro
(Carpinus sp. . . . . ), aodako ” ( . . . . ) , “ shio-ji {K ahponax ricinifolia)," “ koyosan {Cun-
n in g h a m ia S in en y) jam a n a ú ix " { . . . . ) , “ midzuki {Cornus brachypoda)," “ shirotsuga”
‘ t e f P ' Myn^^ne nertifolia)," “ midsukusa” ( . . . . ) , “ zumi {Pyrus sh" )
Also YtedOT ” sencea)"— ssexe exhibited at our Centennial exposition (Jap. c. c. ?o)!
Camellia Japónica of Japan. A large and lofty tree called “ tsubaki ” (Jap. c. c. 3 1) and knovvn
from early times observed by Kaempfer, and Thunberg, abounding in the forest, frequent also in
p u le n s Transported to Europe and North America is called Camelia, and has become a favourite
in greenhouses, where numerous and much admired variations have been produced in the flower.
M exicY ' "ró'™® 52 yrs., Clavig. ii.), accession of Huetzin, third Toltec king of
„ E E ft"/®"" torósia. The thornappie called in Mexico “ tlapall” (Hernand
U S ) and known there from early times attributed to Mexico by Columna phytob. pi. 12- in
Nortlieast America is sometimes called Jamestown-weed ixom being found by the firs! EnMish
CO onists on James river ; is knovvn to occur in waste places throughout our Atlantic States from
th w " I t Y " 0 Nuttall along the Missouri ,0 its source; by Sloane i. 159 !
Y v ated n s t e k róíunth); by Martins, and in y sel/in Brazil; b? C.
Islted s Yard / ‘"we Y 7 ''" ’7 "7 ®0 «+ " ally introduced on the Hawaiian
i1n. rraYrt/arrvjY anndd S7ou tYh ern 7S7ib eria Irom t5he TA'lltuaniabne rgto ntehaer TNaalgyasscahk i minou nJatapianns ; (Gism ekln.,o awnnd tGo eoocrccui)r
hh i7st. 71117. 67-4 ,7 a ndd" a7t Üth is tim"e wLaasu rreiagnu lamrolyu nctualitnivsa t(eBdi einb .E) u; riosp ete r(mZaendn “ic thaetlullia 2T5u3)r,c obruutm s o”o bny bBeacnahmiie?
a weed, as appears from Gerarde, Ray, and Zanon!; is termed “ stramonitem ” by 7 l7 „ s 7
stramonium fructu spinoso oblongo flore alb o” by Tournefort inst. „ 9 ; was observed by SibthoY
Chaubard. and Fraas, from Smyrna to the Peloponnesus, and called “ tatoula but in Itfoy accord
EMadAeira E(LemTannT) ; anTd toE theE Ma uritius Islands (BojC.)l.early by European cteonists, was c /r k d fo
((CCrxaTvvfE. mEd. aTtchT 1M andT GErah aftm'")}, "is 0re gfta®r'd®'e'®d" b‘yo Aft.® Dl®etac'raen dthoellier avsi cptiomsssi bolyf tnhoet dpioswtinerc t.of resistance
first archbfoho^'. ’ ^1. succeeded by Hadrianus, thirtyo
v e r Y Y /lJ f t J Y Y " I f ft ft‘™"'®- ’’’■“ ■ró the kingdom of the Longobardi or Lombards 7 "'"" Ltoconus, secretary to the last king Desiderius, taken pris-
V " " Y tat"«ived ¡nto favour and honoured by Charlemagne,
emperter Constantinus VI, succeeded by his son Leo IV., twenty-fifth Byzantine
co,„¡ 0 0 7 0 + 0 4 + + ’ t e + r ; ; ’ : ” “ " " '’>■ « > » - « »« * .
77Ó A, D, - - “ 701 an. jav.” (N ata Kasuma, and Raffles ix. and x.), the Javan poem of the Brata
Yudha or war ofthe Pandus composed by the Pandita Puseda, or “ by Irder of Dewa BataÍa Gute ”
PPacaifcic.i l EA mmaanZge rooe known from early times o'b"s eftr™v e‘dr ófbt^y^Ctica atensdb tyhiri.opulg. ho6u3 t itnh et hiesl aBnadhs aomftahse- '
by Jacquin pi. 89 in the W est Indies; and known to grow from Lat. 29° (twenty miles below St’
aannd7 a7l7onng7 d1i7e 7sh7o 7e 7of7 tthYe continent as far as “B™ra ™zil° ®(fKt™u n™th ,* '®a®n d'^ 'D^teoc-s.s)i:p pal,l stoh raoluogíh»o utht et hoen insloasnind»s
Sh0"e of Lquatonal Africa (fl. Nigr. p . 3 4 .). Westward, is knovvn to grow from ‘7 7 Y Y
a ° D H ofk I V 7 T T " ™ 7 ® ’®°™®ta Keru (A. D ec.); also at the Galapagos Islands
fo 'ffle ia r a ta l k r a l t r t e ^ "jyself at the Samoan, Tongan, and Feejeean islands^ by Rich,
(Eildl ) corel-'slands; and is knovvn to grow as far as the N ew Hebrides and N ew Caledonia
OF A C COM PA N Y ING A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S. 623
Bisiira Champaca (son of king Raden Aji Nirmala and father of Ang’ling Derma) leaving Milawa
Pati proceeded to Mendang Kamulaii possibly not earlier than this date. Mendang Kamulan became
the new seat of government, — and its ruins continue to be pointed out, consisting of “ heaps of
dstiostnreics t aonfd W birriacskasb”a .and “ walls and excavations of an extensive tan k ” in an extensive forest in the
“ 779 A. D. ( = 14th year la-li of Sou-tsoung,” Remus, mei. iii. 86), Pho-mi viceroy of Cambodia,
accompanied by his wife, visiting the court of China.
“ 780 A. D. = ‘ kien-tchoung,’ ist year of Te-tsoung, of the T h ang” or Fifteenth dynasty
(Chinese chron. table). He continued to favour Cliristianity (inscript. Singanfu).
At this time ( = “ 9S0 — about two hundred years ” of Velasco, Markh. edit. G. de la V era ii
347), the Caras tribe under the rule of a scyri dwelling on coast ofth e Pacific opposite Quito. “
“ The same year” (Alst.), Leo IV. succeeded by Constantinus V II., twenty-sixth Byzantine
emperor. Ruling jointly with his mother Irene, — the succeeding “ ten ” years.
“ 781 A. D .” ( = “ 2d year Kienchung = 1092 of the Greeks ”), date of the Singanfu inscription,
r“eHmaontea ns taItsihoun )a. being Nestorian patriarch (news of his death “ in 778” not having reached this
form “0.71 8t1h et ol et7l8e2r Ag-. D .” (D e Wailly pl. iv. 10), a manuscript of this date, rp resentinog the followinsg
dai^ ro“ o7f8 2J aApa. nD. .” (ann. Jap., and art de verif ), Koonin succeeded by his son Kouan-mu, now fiftieth
ori t,h e“ AFift y‘'-■ei'g•Zh't h cycle.« ®"ta ft®® ‘'""g-youan’ of T e-tsoung” (Chinese chron. tableR), beog inninga
^ A Tibetan work on medicine, derived like the whole of Tibetan Literature from Sanscrit in the
Eighth century (Csoma de Koros, and Royle antiq. hind. med. 48).
The same year ” (art de verif.), El-Mahadi succeeded by El-Hadi, fourth Abbassid khalif.
“ 786 A. D .” (art de verif), El-Hadi succeeded by Harim-el-Rashid, fifth Abbassid khalif
Literature and science were protected and encouraged by Harun-el-Rasliid; and his memory has
also been cherished for benevolent acts. Coins issued by him are figured by Marcel p. 48.
A Smiscrit treatise on poisons translated into Persian by Mankaj a Hindu at the court of Harun- el-Rashid (Royle antiq. hind. med. p. 1S4).
Sindbad after according to his own account visiting Kela (the river Calung in Malacca) where
were “ mines of tin, plantations of sugar-cane and excellent camphor,” sent on his seventh and last
voyage by Harun-el-Rashid as ambassador to Ceylon.
Dryobalanops? camphora of the Equatorial portion of Sumatra and Borneo. A Iar»e tree
aSoxchng precious camphor; clearly the “ excellent camphor” seen by Sindbad at Kela, — and
excellent sort of camphor ” from the island of Ramni seen by Ebn Wahab : precious camphor is
mentioned also by Ebn Amran, Edrisi, Abulfeda, and Baku! (see Spreng.); “ canfara sold for its
weight in go ld ” vvas seen by Marco Polo 169 on Java; and camphor, by Nicolo Cont! on Sumatra:
J->. camphora is known to be rare and confined to a narrow belt of territory along the Equator only
on Sumatra and Borneo (Houttuyn xxi pl. S, Colebr. as. res. xii. pl. . . , and Jack comp. bot. mag.
1- 204); the drug according to Blume is procured from fissures in the bark and wood, also by incisions
IS much firmer than common camphor and is not volatilised by exposure to the air, does not find il?
wtoanyic t op rEoupreorptiee,s b(uLti nisd lc.h).iefly exported to China and Japan where it is highly valued for its stimulant
787 A. p ( = “ 6th year of Kouan-mn,” art de verif., see also San-kokf transl. Klapr. p. 218),
Japan invaded by the Amos, — who continued their ravages “ n in e” years until defeated by the
nputeshre?d/® N®o!r™thw"a"r'dY, '"an"d’," "e®x"te" n°dtae dT tahme ofurroan-tmiearr bo eynoenadr Othmea caintyd othf e Tdai-sktrai-cstesk io. f NTaammbouorua -amnadr oT snoouw-
gar, ^ being the “-Second” establishment of a boundary between the Ainos and Japanese.
24th” (N ico l, see also A lsl), Seventh general ecclesiastical Council. Convened at
„. ■ » mvouf of image-symbols, and the intercession of saints. — The authority of this and the
SIX anterior general Councils, continues to be recognized by the Greek church (E . A. Soph.).
Rom0 7 d h Y Y ( 7 i! ! te'to'-'eurtgito, a volume writteu against image-symbols and errors of the
HindYuaY ft"" ft"' ft"'" (Graha Munjari tables, Puranas, and B en tl). Uru reigning in
spr,-Y!‘'° ft*'” 7 " '/ ft''®® 5i'avon!an Irilves subdued by Charlemagne, enumerated by his
nOntt itlh e same, but very sEimgiinlahra rladn gaus atghees .V eletabm, Sorabae, Obotrites, and Bohemians, all speakin»*
in m y E Lurope and tlie adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain carline thistle,
'medieval Latin “ Carolina” (Prior), and named after Charlemagne - (according to a legend in
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