“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Mattiiioii residing as court physician at Prague and after the Vai-
grisische edition of his comm. Diosc. with small figures “ in 1560,” publishing an edition in Bohemian
with large figures. He left Prague for Vienna “ in 1 5 6 5 , ” and died at Triest “ in 1 5 7 7 . ”
“ The same y e a r ” (Maunder), surrender and execution of Tupac Amaru, last Inca of Peru ; the
Spaniards now acquiring complete possession of the whole country.
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Andr. Marini and Petr. Aut. Micheli publishing comment, in Mesue,
1563 A. D. (Schmied.), letter from Gesner to Felix Platerus.*
“ In this y e a r ” (Schmied. ed. ii. i r), Gesner preparing drawings for his botanical work, including
“ bumma d’chiaun ” ii. fig. 45 X y l o s t e u m c a e r u l e u m , '■ periclymenum alpinum nigrum ” ii. fig. 48 X y l o s t
e u m n i g r u m , “ schoen blaue bergbliimle ” ii. fig. 32 S a x i f r a g a o p p o s i t i f o l i a , “ wildschellkraut ” ii. fig.
25 S . r o t u n d i f o l i a , “ orminum iuteum klibkraut” ii. fig. 25 S a l v i a g l u t i n o s a , “ sedum aut ph}dli genus
flosculis a lb is ” ii. fig. 30 S a x i f r a g a c a s s i a , “ tufelsangesicht vocatum flore purpureo” ii. fig. 67 O p h r i s
a r a n i f e r a , “ gentianellae berggilgele secunda” ii. fig. 84 G e n t i a n a v e r n a , G . p u n c t a t a ii. fig. 92 b,
“ quinquefolium alpinum album ” ii. fig. 98 P o t e n t i l l a c a u l e s c e n s , “ chamaenerion aliud ” ii. fig. 71 C h a -
m a e n e r iu m a n g u s t i s s im u m , V e r o n i c a b e l l id i o i d e s 4. f. 33 lign,, Y - p e r e g r i n a 4. f. 33 lign., S a l v i a c e r a -
t o p h y l l a 12. f. 104 lign , T r i t i c u m j u n c e u m t. 2. f. 17, P h l e u m B o e h m e r i and P . M i c h e l i i t. 3. f. 19,
C e n t r a n t h u s a n g u s t i f o l i u s t. 9. f. 74, G l o b u l a r i a c o r d i f o l i a t. 6. f. 51, S c a b i o s a i n t e g r i f o l i a f. 52, C r u c
i a n e l l a m a r i t im a l6. f. 136, P l a n t a g o m a r i t im a 3. f. 26 lign., P l a n t a g o B e l l a r d i pl. 3. f. 28, A n d r o s a c e
v i l l o s a opp. 9. f. 76 aen.. P r im u l a m a r g in a t a opp. 9. f. 77 aen., P . m i n im a 8. f. 69 aen., P . i n t e g r i f o l i a
8. f. 67 aen., C o n v o l v u l u s l i n e a t u s 9. f. 73 lign., S p e c u l a r i a s p e c u l u m 9. f. 76 lign., G e ì i t i a ì i a P a n n o n i c a
t. I I . f. 99, A r m e r i a s c o r z o n e r a e f o l i a 7. f . 55 lign., S t a t i c e r e t i c u l a t a t. 18, f. 158, A l l i u m m o l y I I . f.
98 lign., T o f i e l d i a p a l u s t r i s 17. f. 145. 3 lign., D a p h n e v i l l o s a t. 21. f. 1S2, R h o d o d e n d r o n f e r r u g i n e u m
21. f. i8i lign., S i l e n e c a t h o l i c a 18. f. 156 lign., G y p s o p h i l a r e p e n s 11, f. 93 aen,, G . f a s t i g i a t a 12. f. 107
lign., C e r a s t i u m a l p i n u m t. II. f. 96, A r e n a r i a v e r n a t. 11. f. 98, T r i a s i t h e m a p e n t a n d r a 17. f. 150
lign., E u p h o r b i a v e r r u c o s a 14. f . 122 aen., E . s e r r a t a 14. f. 123 aen., E . s e g e t a l i s t. 15. f. 131, E . a m y g -
d a l o i d e s t. 13. f. 112, E . s y l v a t i c a t. 13. f. 113, G e u m r e p t a n s t. 16. f. 137, D r y a s o c t o p e t a l a opp. aen.
3. f. 22, C a p p a r i s o v a t a t. i6. f. 144, C i s t u s l i n e a r i s 3- f. 25 aen., C . a l b id u s . 2. f. 22 aen , H e l i a n t h e m u m
h a l im i f o l i u m 3. f. 26 aen., H . g u t t a t u m 3. f. 27 aen., H . t h y m i f o l i u m 16. f. 143 lign., T h a l i c t n im
f o e t i d u m 17. f. 148, A n e m o n e p a lm a t a 16 . f. 139, R a n u n c u l u s f a l c a t u s 16. f. 136 lign., T e u c r i u m
A c h a e m e n i s 12. f. 107 lign., S t a c h y s h i r t a 10. f. 84 aen., N e p e t a t u b e r o s a 12. f. 102 lign., “ pulegium
angustifolium” 12. f, 274 Hgn. and 10 f. 89 aen,, M e n t h a c e r v i n a , P h l o m i s h e r b a - v e n t i t. 10. f. 33,
P e d i c u l a r i s f o l i o s d 9. f. 77 lign., P . i n c a r n a t a 9. f. 78 lign., L e p i d i u m p e r f o l i a h i t n 13. f. 1 10 lign., D r a b a
a i z o i d e s 13. f. 110 lign., B i s c u t e l l a c o r o n o p i f o l i a 13. f. 114, M y a g r u m r u g o s u m 13. f. 115 lign. and 14.
f. 125, M . p e r f o l i a t u m 14. f. 124, S i s y m b r i u m v i n i i n e u m 13 f. i n aen., M a t t h i o l a s im m t a 13. f. I l l
lign., C h e i r a n t h z i s l i t o r e u s 13. f. H i , G e n i s t a L u s i t a n i c a 14. f. 122 lign., G . A n g l i c a 14. f. 123 lign.,
C o r y d a l i s c a p n o i d e s 9. f. 81 aen., F u m a r i a s p i c a t a 9. f 81, H i p p o c r e p i s m u l t i s i l i q u o s a 14. f. 126 lign.
and I . f. 3 aen., A s t r a g a l u s v i c i a e f o l i u s 15 f. 127 lign., “ poterium Rauwolf” 13. f. 119 lign., A s t r a g
a l u s e r i a n t h u s , s. e r i o c e p h a lu s , U l e x n a n u s i. f. 2 aen., L a t h y r u s s e t i f o l i u s t. 2. f. 11, L . a n g u l a t u s
t. 2. f. 12, H e d y s a r u m c o r o n a r i u m l . i . 7 aen., T r i g o n e l l a p o l y c e r a t a t. 2. f. 10, L o t u s p e r e g r i n u s 15.
f. 130, L . h i r s u t u s I . f . 6 aen., T r i f o l i u m t o m e n t o s u m t. 15. f. 135, M e d i c a g o m u r e x 21. f. 185 lign.,
M . t o r n a t a 21. f. 186 lign., M . l a c i n i a t a i. f. 9 aen., L a c t u c a a u g u s t a n a 7. f. 57, P i c r i d i u m O r i e n t a l e
7. f. 58 lign.. P i c r i d i u m a l b i d u m 7. f. 63 lign., S o n c h u s d i c h o t o m u s 7. f. 56, H i e r a c i u m v i l l o s u m 4. f.
52 aen., O n o p o r d u m r o t u n d i f o l i u m 7 . f. 57, C a c a l ia a l b i f r o n s t. 8. f. 71, A r t e m i s i a g l a c i a l i s 3. f. 28
aen., A . m u t e l l i n a 6. f. 47 lign., G n a p h a l i u m h i t e o - a l b u m 8. f. 68 lign., T u s s i l a g o d i s c o l o r t. 4. f. 42,
I n u l a t u b e r o s a t. 8. f. 67, A r f i i c a b e l l i d i a s t r u m 8. f. 64 lign., A . g l a c i a l i s 4. f. 53 aen., S e n e c i o C a r -
n i o l i c u s t. 5. f. 38, C h i y s a n t h e m u m m a r i t im u m t. 5. f. 39, A c h i l l e a n a n a t. 4. f. 38, Z o e g a l e p t a u r e a
t. 7. f. 63, C e n t a u r e a s c a b i o s a ;. f. 41 lign., C . s p l e n d e n s 5. f. 42 lign., C . m u r i c a t a 5. f. 43 lign., G o o d -
y e r a r e p e n s 12. f. 103 aen., C e r a t o p h y l l u m s u b m e r s u m 16. f. 138 aen., P t e r i s C r e t i c a 2. f. 12 lign.,
A s p i d i u m H a l l e r i 18. f . 155 aen.
A l y s s u m m a r i t im u m of the West Mediterranean countries. A Cruciferous plant called in the
gardens of Britain s w e e t a l i s o n (Prior) ; figured by Gesner 14. f. 120— (Spreng.); cle.scribed by
Tournefort inst. 217 (Smith in Sibth.), termed “ clypeola maritima ” by Linnæus, and known to grow
on the Mediterranean shore of France, Spain, and North Africa: observed by Chaubard at Nisi in
Greece ; by Brotero on the seashore of Portugal ; and received by Watson from the Azores. Much
cultivated in the gardens of Britain, and escaping has become naturalized from the beginning of the
* R a n u n c u l u s g l a c i a l i s of the Arctic region and mountain summits farther South. — Termed
“ r. montanus purpureus calyce villoso Felicis Platerii ” by Bauhin hist. iii. 846, “ r. alpinus roseus
albus calyce hirsuto ” by Rudbeck lapp. 99 ; observed by him, and Linnæus, in Lapland ; by Scheuchzer
alp. pl. 20, in the alpine portion of Switzerland.
'fo- . .ail
Century at various points on the Southern shore of the island (Ait. ed. i, Curt. mag. pl. tor, Engl,
bot. pl. 1729, and Wats.), occurs also more adventive near Aberdeen (A. Dec.).
G y p s o p h i l a m u r a l i s of middle Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Figured by Gesner
t. I I . f. 95 — (Spreng.) ; termed “ cariophyllus minimus muralis” by C. Bauhin pin. 211, “ lychnis
annua minima flore carneo lineis purpuréis, distinctis ” by Tournefort inst. 338, and known to grow
from Lapland throughout middle Europe (Mentz. pl. 7, Dill., and Pers.) : observed by Linnæus in
sandy roads in Lapland and Sweden ; by Sibthorp, on the Bithynian Olympus.
M y r i o p h y l l u m v e r t i c i l l a t u m of Northern climates. Called in Britain w a t e r - m i l f o i l (Prior) ;
figured by Gesner 16. f. 144 aen. — (Spreng.) ; observed by Gmelin from the Yaik to the Angara, by
Bunge in Northern China, by Ledebour in middle Siberia and around Caucasus (A. Dec.) ; and known
to grow from Subarctic Sweden to Switzerland (fi. Dan. pl. 1046, Engl. bot. pl. 218, and Wats.) ;
was observed by Brotero in Northern Portugal ; by Desfontaines, and Munby, in Barbary. Westward,
by Hooker on Iceland ; and is attributed to North America by Michaux, Nuttall, and others.
Probably by European colonists was carried to Chili, observed there by C. Gay fl. ii. 387.
, O n o b r y c h i s s a t i v a of middle Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain s a i n f
o i n or F r e n c h g r a s s or “ foenmn Burgundiacum ” (Prior), in Bretagne “ foin français,” in other parts
of France “ sainfoin ” or “ esparcette,” its cultivation beginning in the Sixteentli century (A. Dec.) :
O. sativa is described by Gesner, — Lobel pl. 335, Thalius, and C. Bauhin (W illd .); is known to
grow wild m Italy (Scop., and Lenz), Southern France, and Germany (Jacq. austr. pl. 352, and Pers.) ;
and its cultivation was introduced into Britain before 1578, as appears from Lyte. Eastward, was
observed by Bory in the Peloponnesus ; is known to grow wild in Southern Russia and as far as
Caucasus (Ledeb., and A. Dec.) ; and according to Ciot-Bey, has been recently introduced into Egypt.
By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where an attempt at cultivation near Salem
did not prove altogether successful, and the plant after a few years disappeared.
X e r a n t h e m u m O r i e n t a l e of the Tauro-Caspian countries. Figured by Gesner 8. f. 68 lig n .,—
and the “ jacea pusilla incana” of Lobel hist. pl. 545 is referred here by Sprengel : described also’ by
Willdenow, and Desfontaines ; and knowm to grow in Armenia (Pers.).
E r i g e ! o n a l p i n u m of Polar climates and mountain-summits in lower latitudes. Figured by
Gesner t. 4. f. 45 — (Spreng.) ; termed “ asteri montano purpureo similis vel globulariæ ” by J.
Bauhin hist. ii. pl. 1047, — “ aster atticus cæruleus minor” by Tournefort inst. 481, “ a. m. p. s. v. g.
calyce villoso ” by Scheuchzer alp. 329, “ a. m. omnium minimus foliis oblongis floribus albis ” by
Vaillant act. 1720, and known to grow in Lapland and Scotland, also on the Pyrenees and mountains
of Switzerland and Carniolia (Pers., Dec., and Hook.) : observed by Linnæus, frequent on the mountains
of Lapland ; by Pallas, at 67° on the Oby ; by Sibthorp, on the Bithynian Olympus. Westward,
by Plooker in Iceland, and received from the Arctic shore of America ; 'was observed by Sabine, in
Greenland ; by Colm in Labrador (Pursh) ; is known to grow in Russian America (Wats.), ènd
though not seen by Lapylaie in Newfoundland, was found by Goldie not far from Quebec (Hook )
fo the Southern Hemisphere, b y j . D. Hooker at the Southern extreme of America. ~ “ E. unifloram ”
is regarded as not distinct.
V e r o n i c a t r i f h y l l o s of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Described bv Gesner 16. f.
140 aen. — (Spreng.) ; termed “ alsine parva erecta folio alsines hederaceæ sed rutæ'modo div isa "
by Lobel pl. 464, “ a. triphyllos cærulea” by C. Bauhin pin. 250 (Linn.), " v . verna trifido vel quinquefido
folio ” by Tournefort inst. 145 ; is known to grow throughout middle Europe (Riv. pl. 96,
Oed. Dan. pl. 627, and Pers.) ; was observed by Linnæus on the margin of fields as far as Scania in
Sweden; by Sibthorp p l 10, in open ground in Thrace and on the Bosphorus towards the Black Sea.
V e r o n i c a s c u t e l l a t a of Northern climates. The “ gratiola minima " of Gesner i. fig. 87 — may be
compared: V. scutellata is described by J. Bauhin hist. 780; is termed "anagallis aqu.itica angiisti-
folia scutellata” by C. Bauhin pin. 252, "veronica aquatica angustiore folio " by Tournefort insti 145
(Lmn.), and is known to grow throughout Northern Europe and ./s ìa: was'observed by Linnæus
in Lapland and Sweden, by Waison on the Orkney islands (A. Dec.). by Oeder 209 in De'nmark. by
Ledebour in Finland and Russia, by Gmelin throughout Siberia, by Decandolle in France, by Savi in
Etruria, and by Desfontaines, and Munby, in Algeria. Westward, was observed by Plooker in Iceland
; by Michaux, in streams flowing into Hudson Bay ; by myself, along the Atla'ntic as far as 42°
30', by Nutiall to 40° near Philadelphia, and by Beck 261 in I'irginia; by Drummond at 54° on the
Saskatchewan, near f'ort Cumberland. Gentiana prostrata of alpine summits from Austria to East Siberia, the Rocky mountains, and
Cape Plorn. The “ gentianellae alpiiiae species prima” of Gesner ii. fig. 85 — may be compared:
G. prostrata was observed by Haenke on the suiiimits of the Salsburg Alps (Jacq. coll. ii, pl. 17); is
known to grow on mountains near Caucasus (Koch), on the Altaian mountains as well as in East
Siberia and on Unalaska (Ledeb.) ; was observed by Chamisso on the seashore at Bering Straits ;
was received by Hooker from the summits of the Rocky mountains in “ 52°,” and from tlie^East side
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