1^- ^
s? -riiL
■’ ^ L toltoti®'’'^
CH R O N O LO G IC A L A R R A N G EM E N T
“ goodly oake ” (6 « ..« « . .«¿r«), “ birch ” ( B e t u l a p a f r a c e a ) “ tall f i # ”
“ ènd spruce ” ( A b i e s n i g r a ) . Having “ sett upp a crosse with his majestie s inscription
i f ;£ f f i ( P e y r e r e relat. du Groenl. 2.8). under instructions from Christian IV. of Denmark,
Gotskffi Lindenan sailing for Greenland. He brought back f f i f f i f f i f f i f f i
follntoino-vear on a second voyage, brought back others; who remained some years m uenmark
i m „ . 1. 1« , 11..I . .0 . of
s h e e p s k i n , which is not used by any but the original Greeirtnders. of this event
+ Nov 5th” (Blair), in England, Gunpowder plot detected. — The celebration of this evret
brought into New England by the first colonists, was within my recollection kept up m Salem .
mav he recrarcled as the besfinning of New England Iradition. ^
“ 1.1 this y e a r - (Blochmann, and W. W. Hunter), Akbar succeeded by Jahangir, now emperor
Hindustan. - In whose reign, arrival of the first British ambassador, J ' " # " " f f i ? „ y u c c a
“ in this vear ” iSoren».), Clusius publishing his Exot., enumerating P r o t e a n e r e i f o l i a 3 8 , Y u c c a
Z / r a r a l r S , app. a"lt. exot.. “ indicum” 89. P o l y p o d i u i n q u e r c i f o l i u i n
S S S f f i Î / r / i z Ï V Î / O T e r n Europe and the adjoining portion of Asm. TerreM
tanum” by Clusius app. alt. e x o t .- (S p r en g .) , observed by Jacqnm pl. 301 nr
occur in Switzerland and Italy (Pers.) : observed “ in ijS ? on the mmparts f f i ffi ' / ¡
pl. 912), “ in 1808” in Britain (Engl. bot. pi. 1997) "»«d '»as since b e c o i# n # e
L o w n to occur in Holland (prodr. fl. bat. 273), and sparin+y ,n ceOTral France (A. Dec.) ,
observed by Koch here and there in Germany ; by Chaubard, m the 1 eloponnesus.
D o r s t e n i a D r a k e n a of Eastern Mexico. An Urticaceous herb, transported to Europe, d£C» ffi
bv Clusius exot 83— (Spreng.), Miller diet 3, and Linnæus. Westward, grows wild r e hty
..round near Vera Cruz,” and its exported root constitutes a fourth kmd of c o n t r a y e r v a (Houston
Koo«» P'obooi, .0 f ■■
to Europe, is described by Miller diet. 2, and Linnæus. Westward, grows wild f f i f f i f f i™0
ground near Campeachy,” and its exported root constitutes a fifth kind of c o n t r a y e r v a (Houston ph 1.
a p p e n d . D e M o r g a 4 0 3 ) , Q u i r o s f r o m P e r u a r r i v i n g i n s i g h t
of A n e g a d lL flat nniuLbitèd islet about two leagues long, “ in 25° ” S, and “ one # " 0 "^ f fif fi? "
from Callao ” On the “ 29th,” another uninhabited island without anchorage, 0 n Puerlo, wre
ea/hed “ in »4/° and .075L è g u e s from Callao.” “ Feb. 4th and 5th.” four islands were rerebed
L lr re e re four Ragúes apaffi ” a r t “ in 20° and 21°.” On the “ ptffi’ an islet “ h r t ffi"® ® .ff iff iff i,
was seen “ in 19°,” and received the name of “ Santa Polonia. On the ■ JOth, a flat island in iS
f f i ” full of pahn’ trees, with “ people on the beach,” armed with long lances T u g o t u F ‘E f
Suani-irds swimmin» to the shore, met with a friendly reception, and in return a chief red an old
cameffiffiffi the ship ; they toere “ clothed red treated,” but were “ much frightened,” and on
ffiiffi set ffi shore L / t bffik a ffirting gift of “ a bunch of hair and some poor feathers, a r t some
caí-vid shells of pearl oysters,” the “ finery” of this “ very wild p eop le :” the woman had a^small
white ff«»like o u r s - ” half of “ a pulley of cedar, wrought on the coast of Nicaragua or I eiu, was
found on" the island, and the chief’s canoe was “ not of one f f ic e of wood,” but “ as # o d re con d
have been made in C as tile ” (probably the work of survivors from a Spanish shipwreck) . ffi" -’ *- 0
/on » on ffie “ f f i R ’ the island was found to be “ twenty-five leagues long and ten broad, all he
S e is s L k as th o u r t ’’ “ a piece of the sea surrounded by la n d ” (Dean’s Island). On ffie
“ 13th ” in “ l 6 0 ,” another island. On the “ 14th.” an island “ m 15°,” found by_De ffiza to be in
a straioht line 1398 learees ” from Callao. On the “ 21st,” an island “ m 10^ , understood to be
s 4 S a r f f i failingtohence W. and a quarter N. W. “ fully ten degrees,” on “ March ad a low
island the people and arms “ of the fashion of those we had left behind ; ” the island rocmved the
name of La Matanza, and on landing in spite of the opposition of the natives, some ntUe d o g s
'° "ffiffitin ffin r< ffi'th e same “ parallel for thirty-two days,” at the end of “ .940
citv of Lima ” a very high island called Taomaco ; the inhabitants “ great seafarers, all wei '»""ffi®"'
wifo b eards” (Papuans), “ great archers and throwers of javelins and rery f f i ' f f i ’
which are verv large, could go a great distance; they gave us ,formation of moie f f i >;
islands, large and small, and all inhabited,” “ telling us that they fought with ’
information also “ of the isle of Santa Cruz, and of that which happened there to
a canoe there, a distance of “ sixty leagues.” lo convey the news ; thero were f f i °
people ” (albinoes) “ and others red, other native Indians of the colour of those of the ffiffiffi
ai.s), “ and others black, swarthy, and dusky,” for they use captives as slaves for then tillage , y
OF A C C OM P A N Y IN G A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S . 925
live on “ y a m s and fish,” cocoa-nuts, and have “ pigs and fowls : ” on leaving, Quiros carried away
four of the natives. One of these (according to Hale ethnogr. 168 to 195) was a native of Chikayana,
four days sail from Taomaco and two days from Guaytopo (Vaitupu), had seen people of Guaytopo,
driven out of their course in seeking “ t o r t o i s e - s h e l l of which they make ear-rings,” and described
the women as wearing “ a veil of blue or black called foafoa ; ” he further stated that a great pilot, a
native of Taomaco, had procured “ from a large country named Pouro ” (Bouro) “ arrows pointed
with a metal as white as s ilv e r ” — ( t i n from the Malayan archipelago). Confirmation is found in
Rienzi ocean, iii. 384 meeting with a Bugis captain who had visited the Solomon Islands : and Hale
found the natives of Vaitupu “ wearing ear-rings of tortoise-shell, a very unusual ornament in Polynesia,”
and the women, a “ long frmge of p a n d a n u s l e a v e s called fou.” (See Burotu.)
From information procured at Taomaco, Quiros now sailed southwest, and “ in 12%° ” found “ an
island of the size of that of Taomaco with the same sort of people,” and “ called Chucupia ; ” the
natives offered peace, and “ presented the husk of a tree, which looked like a very fine cloth ”
(tapa). Continuing South, and afterwards “ a day’s s a il” West, a volcano was discovered, “ very
high and thick, more than three leagues in circumference” (Tanna), “ and with black inhabitants
with thick beards” ( P a p u a n s ' ) : “ to the west, and in s igh t” at “ the distance of eight leagues,” was
an island “ well peopled with black inhabitants” ( N e g r i l l o s ) , two of whom were caught, and “ were
clothed and fed, and the next day put on shore,” but at a port “ a gunshot further o n ” a Spaniard
was wounded with an arrow: in sight and all around “ were many very high and large islands ; ” and
“ going southwards,” one of these islands was found “ May is t ” to contain a bay fifteen or sixteen
leagues in circumference, “ well inhabited and very fertile, with y a m s and many fruits, pigs, and
fowls; all these people are black and naked” ( N e g r i l l o s ) , “ fight with arrows, javelins, and large
clubs ; they never would be friends with us, although we spoke together many times, and I treated
them; I never set foot on shore with their good will, as they always wished to oppose it, and we
always fought with little r i s k ; ” the island received the name of “ Espiritu Santo” (the largest island
of the New Hebrides) ; the bay is “ in 15° 20',’’ is “ very fresh, and has many and large rivers,” and on
the “ 6th,” Quiros took formal possession, “ and of the Austral regions to the pole,” in the name
of the king of Spain: “ June I Ith,” Quiros, a Portuguese among Spaniards, was prevented by his
mutinous crew from making farther explorations; but arrived safely with his ship at Navidad in
Mexico “ Oct. 20th.”
Torres, in command of the second ship, knowing only that the flagship went forth “ at one
o’clock after midnight ” without “ making signals,” spent “ fifteen days ” in a fruitless search, opened
the king’s orders, and proceeded south-west a degree beyond the latitude named (40° S.) without
seeing land. Turning “ north-north-west as far as he “ fell in with the beginning of New
Guinea” (the Southern point of Louisiada), and as he “ could not go up it by the east side,” “ went
coasting to the west, and on the south side it is all the land of New Guinea; it is peopled by Indians
wlio are not very white, and naked, though their middles are well covered with the bark of trees, after
the manner of cloth, much coloured and painted” (tapa) ; “ they fight with javelins and bucklers, and
some stone clubs, with many gaudy feathers about them.” “ Having run three hundred leagues of
coa st” to “ 9°,” a bank begins “ which stretches along the coast until 7^°, and the extremity of it
is five ; ” he was therefore obliged to go out South-west to “ i i ° , ” and keep in the deep channel ;
“ there were some very large islands, and more were seen towards the south; they were inhabited
by black people, naked, and very corpulent” ( P a p u a n s ) , liaving “ for weapons some thick and long
lances, many arrows, very uncouth stone clubs.” Following “ this shoal for two months” to “ 5°,
and ten leagues from the coast, and we had gone four hundred and eighty leagues ; here the coast
trends to the north-east” (he had passed through what are now called Torres Straits). Running to
the North “ as far as 4°, when we fell in with a coast which also stretched from east to west,” understood
to be continuous with that left behind, and “ inhabited by black people, different from all the
rest,” “ more gaudily adorned ; they also use arrows and javelins, and very large shields, and some
blow-pipes of cane full of lime which they discharge ; ” continuing “ west north-west beside the
coast, always finding these people, though we landed in several places,” also meeting with “ the first
iron and bells of China, and other things from there,” we went “ a hundred and thirty leagues, so that
the extremity would remain at fifty leagues distance ; ” at the extremity “ we found some clothed
Moors, with artillery,” “ arquebuses, and white weapons; they go conquering these people who are
named Papuas ( N e g r i l l o s ) , and preach to them the sect of Mahomed; these Moors traded with us,
selling us fowls, and goats, and fruit, and some pepper and biscuit, which they call s a g u , " and “ gave
us news of the events in the Moluccas, and of Dutch ships, though they had not reached here.”
“ July 26th ” (Lese. iv. 12), De Monts and Poutrincourt on their Second voyage arriving at Port
Royal, where they found two survivors of the party left behind, in the forest around, Lescarbot vi.
24 met with “ chenes” ( Q u e r c u s r u b r a ) , “ frenes” ( F r a x i n u s s a m b u c i f o l i a ) , “ bouleaux fort bons en
menuiserie” ( B e t u l a l e n t a ) , “ erables” ( A c e r r u b r u m ) , “ sycomores” ( A c e r s a c c h a r i n u m ) , “ aube