4 ' ' i
i/.'üí
14) ; in Greece, the “ psullos ” is mentioned by Aristophanes nub. 145 and 83 r, Dioscorides, and Lucian
; and in Italy, the “ pulex ” by Columella, Pliny, and Martial. Eastward from Asia, the flea was
found by myself aboriginally introduced throughout the inhabited islands of the Pacific; was also
aboriginally introduced throughout America to the shores of the Atlantic in New England (R. W illiams
Mkey, 6), having in the last two instances evidently accompanied the dog. “ paganos ” head-qnarters, or palace ; “ tshtop ” inn ; “ p re tsh ” o r “ p5r s ” mat; “ p or tsh” or
pdrtsh ” or “ prtsh ” to spread out, strew ; — in English “ preach,” and “ porch.” The character
occurs on' the Gliddon mummy-case. A second form occurs under the Third and Fourth
dynasties (Leps. d. ii. pl. 3 and 27, Champ, mon iv. 325, 326).
i « " “ p a t” knee; “ p6ht ” or “ p a h t” to fall down before, prostrate one’s self; “ p6ht’’ to bow
down; “ aspS” or “ a sp i” or “ sapi” tongue, speech; “ sa p s ” or “ sSps” or “ so p s ” or
" sSpsbp ” or “ sopsp ” or “ sdpsSp ” to beseech, supplicate. — The character occurs under the . . . .
dynasty (Champ, gram. 343, and Rosellin. mon. cul. 38).
f “ poone” or “ p66nS” or “ p65ni ” or “ p ig n S ” migration, to remove; “ p e t ” or “ p 6 t” or
“ phfit” or “ p h e t” to run, flee; “ s ip e ” swiftness; “ p olsh” or “ p51s h ” to be delivered from,
liberated.— The character occurs under the Seventeenth dynasty (Leps. d. iii. pl. s), is perhaps
the origin of the form T of the seventeentli Phcenician letter “ pha,” and of the earliest form p of the
Greek letter “ pi.” The Nubian ihrowing-dub is besides figured under the Twelfth dynasty at Benihassan
(Champ, mon. pl. 39s) ; was found by Bonomi ninev. iv. I and pl. 41 employed by the Bishareen
as a missile principally for capturing game ; the pattern, as observed by myself, continuing unchanged.
Acacia Nilotica of the Southern border of the Sahara as far as Arabia. Called in Yemen “ soul ”
or “ sa;lam,” in Egypt “ sant ” (Forsk.) or as heard by myself “ s6nt” ; in which we recognize its
original Egyptian name “ so n d ” or “ tshond ” : the Nubian throwing-clubs according to my Dongola
attendant are made of “ selem” wood, and were ascertained by Bonomi to be of “ su n t” : the river-
barges in use at the time of the invention of writing may also have been of this timber,— as in the
time of Herodotus ii. 96, and to the present day (Clot-Bey ii. 2. 29) : the tree with its marked foliage
is figured at Benihassan under the Twelfth dynasty (Cliamp. d. ii. pl. 18) ; the “ ak ak ia ” of Egypt is
described by Dioscorides as yielding a black “ stuptiken” a.stringent gum, mentioned also by Phny
xxiv. 65, Rhazes, and the mode of procuring it described by Abdallatif i. 2 ; A. Nilotica, whose pods
are besides used for tanning (Clot-Bey), was observed by myself planted and naturalized around villages
throughout Egypt to the end of my journey at Assouan; beyond, according to Lepsius eg. and
sin. p. 129 to 170, is distinguished by the Nubians as “ the tree,” and was observed by him indigenous
in Upper Nubia. Eastward, was observed by Forskal indigenous along the base of tlie mountains of
Yemen, the bark used for tanning; by myself, under cultivation only at M u s ca t; is called in Sanscrit
“ burbura,” in Bengalee “ babula ” or “ babool,’’ in Telinga “ nella-tooma ” (LindL), and the “ babool ”
tree, planted through the suggestion of Gibson, has become “ common in the Deccan ” (Graham),
principally as observed by myself for its shade along roadsides.
A hieroglyphic character n (possibly representing the rib) agrees at least in shape with the
Mesopotamian throwing-club. I — The character is painted red on the Gliddon mumm^ase, occurs
also under the Third, and down | to the Seventeenth dynasty (Leps. d. ii. pl. 3, and in. pl. 5).^ A
throwing-club of similar shape is hgld by an Egyptian under the Seventeenth dynasty, by the Asiatic
strangers at Benihassan under the Twelfth dynasty (Leps, d. iii. pl. 9, and 11. pl. 131), and by individuals
on the Assyrian monuments.
“ p6ms” scurrility; “ pashsS” or “ patsS ” spittle. — The character occurs in the Book of the
Dead, also under the . dvnastv (Champ, gram, gg, 42, 154, and Buns, and Birch).
assistance
poor, destitute ; . _
occurs in the Ritual, also under the . . . . dynasty (Buns, and Birch).
The ichneumon, although belonging to a Tropical genus is known to inhabit Egypt along the
Nile ; — was in ancient times protected by law, is at present called ‘‘ nems,” and although very destructive
to all smaller animals is sometimes domesticated (Clot-Bey ii. 66). As inhabiting Egypt is
mentioned by Aelian, Pliny, Lucan, and other Greek and Roman writers.
» mantis or praying-insect ; “ p ë td ” (one of the insects enumerated in transl. Levit. xi. 22) ;
“ p ë td ” cors let; “ pëtd-tot ë v ô l” fishmonger. — The character occurs under the . . . .
dynasty (Champ, diet. 168). , . ,, , , v „
f stand of balance-scales: “ p5.sh” to be at variance; “ pôlj ” or “ p6rj dissension; patshë
1 h a lf; “ shijapi” to be in suspense, waver; — in English “ to halt between two opinions.” The
character occurs as early as the Fourth dynasty (Leps. d. ii. pl. 2), A second form occurs from
the Seventh dynasty to the Eighteenth (Leps. k. pl. 6 to 27). And a tliird from the Eighteentr
dynasty to the Twentieth (Leps. k. pl. 28 to 41).
(hymna signifying unstable; hymna turned to the right, signifying conquermg, JoraP- ii.
6t and 67) “ pgrgthia ” vicissitude, occasion ; “ poh ” or “ p6h ” to come, go pbtshs
nfihs ” to wander ’ “ pahs ” prey ; “ pouni ” tribute or income, variegated ; — m Greek poikilos
( L c S e d fro.,. l.» d » « . h » T „ . C .raC O , occ.ro o . o.riy «
" " ' x t ' V r S S 7 'o4 i 7 7 » " M , . f. 00.«
the people along the Upper Nile^
"(p ew it‘ ¿r lapwing “ gpopa ” prognosticating abundant vintage H o ra p «
or “ pgtgpet ” lapwing ; “ pgtep ” profit,“ karapipi” or “ pgtgpet” lapwing; “ petep ' prom, interests _^P'
\{\\\ her - “ 6 p ” or “ d p ” or “ ep ” to number, reckon, estimate; “ platikos ease relaxa
tion of mind. — The character occurs under the Fourth dynasty; and the sing e apwing, rom
description of the “ upupa ” by Pliny, belongs in part to the J ° P ° J „
“ pdshS ” or “ sliop ” sole of the foot, basis ; “ sliop or sh6pg or sliOpi to « 1
VJUL-t-ir O lEi «.iidw — ----- \ A
pl. 138, iii. pl. 5, and k. pl. 27 to 57). A
nasty (sepulchr. tablet Brit, mus., Buns.
the Twelfth dynasty to the Ptolemies (Leps. d. ii.
possible combination occurs under the . . . . dy
and
“ pd^’’3 “ p g ” or “ p h é ” celestial, the heavens, firmament; “ pité or “ iffiSttg’’ or
use until the end of hieroglyphic writing (Leps. d. ,1. pl. 4 d Greek P “ pi ” (compare
possible origin,of the flat-topped form T of the Hebrew letter pha. and Greek . p t I
also the round-topped form).
h in e ; in En g l i sh “ aspire , inspi re, icsiJi.G, - - - -
under the . . . . 'd yE s ty (Champ, diet. 50). A second form occurs from the Tventy-first
dynasty to the lC Ptolemies (Leps. .n i. p . 24 ^dk ” soft ■ “ pokinos ” desire,
f 3 ” 7 / r o i u t i 4 .„0
under the . . . . dynasty (papyri, tablet Brit, mus., Buns^and Birch).^ ^ ,
: / p : g p ”4 3 p i t ! a t e . t a p p e n d ’ ; “ 4 ng ” or “ ¿ tg h n g ” or “ pgtgh ” will. - T h e character occurs
under the . . . . dynasty (Champ, diet. 71).
ts or tz or ds or dz, its pervading meaning cou r is l^ . craftiness ■ “ d s o ” or “ d s a ” to
Greek, the name zeta ^ focm occurs in the Book of the Dead, also
q'wenty-sixth (Leps. d. II. pl. 10, 111. pl. - ). and k nl ag and 68). A third
under the Eighteenth and Nineteenth dynasties (Leps d. 1 / / ’ / P ^ ^ fish-spear is said
form 5 V occurs under the Twenty-second dynasty (Leps. . . ] 57) . , , ^
to iTe fo h r ig in of the eighteenth Phcenician and Hebrew letter tsadi, some of whose foims U K T
or “ dsoou” or “ ds6it” to praise, celebrate, g lo r ify ; “ rahts ” pros-
^ l3 r -^ The character occurs in the Book of the Dead, also under the Twentieth dynasty
(Champ. gm-m_38L a n ^ to render beautiful, adorn; “ tsan a ” or “ ^aneu ”
. . . . dynasty (Champ, diet. 285). 7