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“ In this y e a r ” (Campion addit. Stan-Jul. industr. chin, tog), Siu-konang-ki writing.
“ 1611, March 28th” (Major edit. Strach. p. xv), Lord de Lawarre, seriously ill, sailing for
home, leaving Sir George Percy in command of the Virginia colony. Sir Thomas Gates, arriving “ in
August,” assumed the post of governor, — which he held “ till 1614.”
“ In the early sp ring” (Wilmere edit. Champí, p. xxviii), Champlain, having returned from
France, proceeding from Quebec up the river. At Mont Royal (Montreal), he met the Algonquins,
and after exchanging presents, entrusted another lad to their care; returned to Quebec “ in June,”
and sailed for France.
“ June i2 th ” (relat. Jes. i. præf.), arrival at Port Royal in Acadia of Pierre Biard and Enmond
Massé, the first Jesuit missionaries in North America.
“ In this y e a r ” (append. Sibth., Spreng., and Winckler), Paul Renealmus publishing his Specim.
Iiist. plant., enumerating D i a n t h u s a t r o r u b e i i s .
“ The same year ” (art de verif.), by the regent Ijesaz, leave granted to the Dutch to trade with
and throughout Japan.
“ 1612 A. Ü .” (Churchill coll., Anders, ii. 274, and Asher edit. Huds. 194), Thomas Button sent
in search of Hudson. From the Strait sailing on the inland sea “ above two hundred leagues to the
southwestward,” he reached the main land opposite at the mouth of a river called by him Nelson’s ;
and after wintering, — returned in the following “ autumn.”
“ June” (Purchas, and Churchill coll.), by Richard More, a permanent settlement established on
Bermuda.
“ In this year ( = 2272 d. of Synmu,” art de verif.), Go josei or Josei I I . succeeded by his son
Dai-sco-kouotei, now dairo of Japan.
“ The same y e a r ” (Alst., and Nicol.), Rodolph II. succeeded by the king of Hungary Matthias;
now thirty-third emperor of Germany and Italy.
“ The same y e a r ” (A ls t ) , end of the chronicle of Robertus Bellarminus.
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng., and Winckl.), Alpinus publishing his Rhapont. disput., and writing his
Exot., enumerating S c a b i o s a l im o n i f o l i a 34, C a m p a n u l a A l p i n i 340, S c r o p h u l a r i a s a m b u c i f o l i a 202,
T r i f o l i u m c l y p e a t u m 306, C h r y s a n t h e m u m t r i f u r c a t u m 320, C e n t a u r e a B a b y l o n i c a 281, and C . e r y n -
g o i i i e s 158.* — He died “ in 1617,” and his Exot. was published “ in 1627.”
C a r d a m i n e im p a t i e n s of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Termed “ sium impatiens ”
by Alpinus exot. 331, — “ c. annua exiguo flo re ” by Tournefort inst. 214, and known to growin
woods from 60° in Sweden throughout middle Europe (Barrel, pl. Engl. bot. pl. 80, and Pers.) :
observed by Linnæus in Sweden ; by Sibthorp, in shaded situations on mount Hæmus.
S y r i n g a P e r s i c a of Central Asia. Tlie P e r s i a n l i l a c or “ agem lilag Persarum ” brought “ from
P e rs ia ” (MiUer diet, pl, 164) is termed “ ligustrum nigrum ” by Àlpinus exot. 178, — “ ligustrum ” by
J. Bauhin prodr. 158 (SprCng.) ; escaping from cultivation has in some localities been found seemingly
wild (A. Dec.). By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it continues
in gardens ; and recently by Nimmo to Hindustan (Graham).
“ In this year ” (Spreng.), Emanuel Sweert publishing his Florilegium, enumerating l i d s S w e r t i i
41, G l a d i o l u s i r i d i f o l i u s 66, N a r c i s s u s r a d i a n s 21. f. 8, and A m a r y l l i s O r i e n t a l i s .
In this year (see Spreng.), J. Bauhin continuing his botanical writings, enumerating S a x i f r a g a
a s p e r a 3. 695, G a l i u m u l i g i n o s u m , “ hyssopifolia minor ” L y t h r u m t h y m i f o l i a 3. 792, A j u g a G e n e v
e n s i s , A . a l p i n a , P l a n t a g o s e r p e n t i n a , A n d r o m e d a p o H f o l i a i. 527, G n a p h a l i u m r e c t u m iii. 160, L i s t e r a
c o r d a t a m . 534, S c i r p u s s y l v a t i c u s 2 . 501, V e r o n i c a A u s t r i a c a 3. 287, “ gramen minimum Cherleri”
2 . 465, T r i t i c u m l o l i a c e u m , G a l i u m r o t u n d i f o l i u m 3. 718, C a m p a n u l a s p i c a t a 2. 801, C . l i n i j o h a 2. 797,
C . r h o m b o id e a 2. 806, C . B o n o n i e n s i s 2. 804, C . h e d e r a c e a 2. 797, P h y t e u m a p a u c i f l o r a 2 . 811, H e m i a r
i a h i r s u t a 3. 379, M y r r h i s b u lb o s a 3. 183, B u p l e u r u m P y r e n a i c u m 3. 199, C n i d i u m A l s a t i c u m 3. 106,
L a s e r p i t i u m a n g u s t i s s im u m 3. 137, L . a u r e u m 3. 57, S c i l l a u n i f o l i a 2. 6 2 2 , R u m e x l u n a r i a 994, S a x -
* O e n o t h e r a b i e n n i s of North America. Seeds sent from England in this year by John More to
. Alpinus,— by whom the plant was termed “ hyosciamus virginianus” (exot. pl. 325, Linn., and Pers.):
Oe. biennis is described also by C, Bauhin pin, 245 ; and before 1640 had become naturalized in Britain
(Park., Morison, and Ray), spreading thence to Denmark and tliroughout middle Europe (Miller,
and A. Dec ). Is known to grow wild in North America, from Lat. 56° tliroughout Canada and along
the Atlantic to 30° in Florida, and Westward to the Rocky mountains and Nutka Sound (Baldw., E.
James, and Hook.). The name e v e n i n g - p r im r o s e , given by colonist.s rememliering the pale yellow
flowers of the true primrose, has been adopted in the mother-country (as appears from Prior). By
European colonists also, Oe. biennis was carried to Hindustan, observed by Law “ in gardens Belgaum”
(Graham) ; and to Japan, var. “ parviflora” having no native name observed by Thunberg
around Nagasaki and in gardens.
OF A C C OM P A N Y IN G A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S . 931
t f r a g a m o s c h a t a 3. 762, A r e n a r i a t e n u i f o l i a 3. 364, A . s t r i a t a 3. 360, “ cerasus racemosa” i. 223,
C e r a s u s s em p e r f l o r e n s , P y r u s P o l l v e r i a i. 59, R o s a t o m e n t o s a 2. 44, H e l i a n t h e m u m n u m m u l a r i u m 2
20, H . o c y m o id e s 2 . 20, H . g l u t i n o s u m 2. 19, R a n u n c u l u s p l a n t a g i n e u s 3. 866, R . P y r e n a e u s 3, 866,
R . m o n t a n u s 3 . 861, N e p e t a n u d a 3. 226, S i d e r i t i s R o m a n a 3. 428, O c y m u m m o n a c h o r u m 3. 260, S c u t
e l l a r i a a l b i d a 3. 291, L i n a r i a P e l i s s e r i a n a 3. 461, T h l a s p i p e r e g r i n u m 2 . 927, S i s y m b r i u m o b t u s a n g u -
l u m 2. 862, S p a r t i u m p i i r g a n s i. 404, G e n i s t a s y l v e s t r i s i. 400, O r o b u s c a n e s c e n s 2. 326, L a t h y r u s
h i r s u t u s 2. 305, V i d a p l a t y c a i p o s 2 . 286, C y t i s u s b i f l o r u s I. 373, C o r o n i l l a j u n c e a i. 383, A s t r a g a l u s
M o n s p e s s u l a n u s 2. 338, A s t r a g a l u s p i l o s u s 2 . 335, L o i n s a n g u s i i s s im u s 2 . 356, M e d i c a g o c o r o n a l a 2.
386, M . t u b e r c u l a t a 2. 385, M . r i g i d u l a 2, 385, M . p u b e . u e n s 2. 385, L e o n t o d o n o b o v a t u s 2. 1037, H i e r a c
i u m s t a t i c a e f o lm m 2. 1041, P i c r i s S p r c n g e r i a n a 2. 1026, C i r s i u m c a n u m 3. 44, C . f e r o x 3. f l , C o n y z a
S i c i l i a 2. 1049, l u t i l a s p i r a e a e f o i i a 2. 104g, S e n e c i o n e u i o r e n s i s 2. 1063, Y. a q u a t i c u s 2. 1057' C o l u l a
a u r e a 3. 119, “ chrysanthemum latifolium ” 3. 105, A c m e l l a r e b e n s , A c h i l l e a h e r b a r o l a 3 . 144, C a u l i n i a
f r a g i h s I . 216, S a h x A m a n n i a n a i. 216, S . a r b u t i f o l i a i. 217, and Y. r e t i c u l a t a i. 217. — He died
“ in 1613,” his Prodrom, was published “ in 1619,” and his Hist, plant, “ in 1650-1.”
T h l a s p i a l l i a c e u m of the Mediterranean countries. A garlic-scented annual described by J.
Bauhin 2. 932 — (Spreng.), and Jacquin rar. i. pl. 121 ; and known to grow in France (Lam. fl. fr.)
and Southern Europe (Pers.). By European colonists carried to Northeast America, is enumerated
by A. Decandolle as having been found there but not as yet naturalized.
C a l e p i n a C o r v i n i of the plains around the Caspian. A Cruciferous weed known to J. Bauhin 2.
895 as brought from Italy and cultivated in a garden at Stuttgard — (Spreng. and A. Dec ) but now
occurring in various localities on the Upper Rhine (Koch, and Godron) : observed by Bairelier 38
along the l ib e r ; by Gussone. around Naples and in Sicily; by Vaillant, on garden-walls near Paris ;
by Boreau, and Lecoq, in central France; by Kitaibel, Bieberstein, and others, in localities more or
less artificial in Southern Germany, Hungary, and as far as the Crimea; by Reuter and Margot, on
Zante. But farther East, by Goebel, and Hohenacker, wild in moist places in the plains Nortli of
the Caspian.
A r e n a r i a t r i n e r v i s o i Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Termed “ alsine plantamnis
folio ” by J. Bauhin hist. iii. 364, — and Tournefort inst. 242, and known to grow from Sweden"and
Russia to the Mediterranean (fl. Dan. pl. 429, Curt. lond. iv. pl. 31, Pers., and Wats.): observed by
Linnæus m woods in Sweden ; by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, in the Peloponnesus. Westward has
been found in-Greenland (Wats.).
R a n u n c u l u s n i v a l i s of the Arctic region and mountain-summits fartlier South. Termed “ r
minimus alpinus lu teu s ” b y j . Bauhin hist. iii. 861, — and known to grow from Spitzbergen to the
Altaian mountains (Jacq. austr. pl. 325, Pers., and Hook.) : observed by Linnæus everywhere on the
highest points of the Lapland mountains ; by Sibthorp, on the summit of the Bithynian Olympus.
Westward, by Sabine in Iceland and Greenland, growing also according to Hooker along the Arctic
Sea to Bering’s Straits, and on the alpine portion of the Rocky mountains.
D r a b a m u r a l i s of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Termed “ bursæ pastoris siiblon»o
loculo affinis pulchra planta” by J. Bauhin hist. ii. 938, — “ d. minima muralis discoides” by CoIUniL
ecphr. 1. pl. 272, “ alysson veronicæ folio ” by Tournefort inst. 217, and known to grow from Sweden
to the Mediterranean (Engl. bot. pl. 912, Pers., and Dec.), also in North Africa (Wats.): was observed
hy Lmnæus in Gothland and as far as Upsal; by Brotero, in Conimbrica in Portugal ; by Sibthorp,
and Chaubard, on the mountains of the Peloponnesus ; and by Bieberstein, along the Taurian m o u ?
tains. Westward, by Hooker in Iceland, and was received by him from Montreal.
T h a l i c t r u m g a l i o i d e s of middle Europe. Termed “ t. pratense angustissimis foliolis” by Bauhin
prodr. pl. 146. — “ t. Bauhini ” by Crantz, and known to grow about Basle and on the Upper Rhine
(Pers.) ; observed by C. Ch. Gmelin around Baden ; by Crantz, in Austria; by Pollich, in Germany;
by Decandolle fl. fr., in France (Steud.) ; and in less than fifty years after the completion of thè
Doubs canal to 1822,” made its appearance in the environs of Montbelliard (Bern., and A. Dec.).
C a r d u u s c r i s p u s of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. A thistle termed “ carduus caule
crispo by J. Bauhin hist, iii, 59,— and Tournefort inst. 440, “ carduus spinosissimus angustifolius
vulgaris” by C. Bauhin pin. 385, and known to occur in cultivated and fallow ground throughout
Europe (fl. Dan. pl. 621, and Pers.) : ob.served by Linnæus as far as Upland in Sweden ; by Loesel
pl. S, in Prussia ; by Sibthorp, in the Peloponne.sus.
R u m e x p u l c h e r of Central Asia. Called in Greece “ lapatho ” (Sibth.) ; known to J. Bauhin hist,
ii. 988 only from a specimen sent from Bologne, termed by him “ lapathum pulchrum bononiense ” —
(A. Dec.), by Tournefort inst. 504, “ 1. p. b. sinuatum” and seems to have been first observed in
Britain by Ray syn, 142, in tlie outskirts of London : has since become frequent in waste places from
Italy throughout middle Europe (Tilli pis. pl, 37, Pollini, Hall. helv. 1593, Lam, fl. fr„ and Pers.-),
was observed by I-orskal near Marseilles, by A. Decandolle around Geneva. Eastward, was observed
by Sibthorp, and Bory, among rubbish and ruins from the Peloponnesus to Constantinople, and is