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“ sinnie,” in Telinga “ tsinnie,” on the Deccan “ chinnie” (Drur.), in Yemen “ bortam” or “ scbohat”
o r“ anschat” or “ dæfran” (Forsk.); and from early times, employed medicinally; — observed by
Forskal p. i6i among the mountains of Yemen, its leaves macerated In water to wash infants afflicted
“ chinangee ” (Drur.) ; and from early times, its e.xcellent wood used for ploughs, axe-handles, building
and boats : —observed by Roxburgh cor. i. pl. 66, Wight pl. 69, and Beddome pl. 31, from the
Neilgherries to the Circars, Courtallum and Bengal (Drur.).
Cucumis tnomordica of Tropical Hindustan. Cultivated from early times: — observed by
Graham in the environs of Bombay, “ cultivated, much like the common cucumber but smoother
and larger;” by Ainslie, and Roxburgh, in other parts of Hindustan, “ a good substitute for the
common cucumber” (Drur.).
Trianthema decandra of Tropical Hindustan. A prostrate purslane-like annual called in Tamil
“ vallay-sharunnay,” in Telinga “ tella ghalijeroo,” in Bengalee “ gada buni,” on the Deccan “ bhees
khupra” (Drur.) ; and from early times, its root employed medicinally : —was observed by Graham
in the environs of Bombay, “ a common weed, particularly abundant in moist places;” by N. L.
Burmann pl. 31, Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as Bengal.
Trianthema obcordata of Tropical Hindustan. Perennial and prostrate, called in Tamil “ sha-
runnay,” in Telinga “ ghelijehroo,” in Bengalee “ sabuni,” on the Deccan “ nasurjanghi ” (Drur.);
and from early times, its leaves and tender tops eaten in times of scarcity, and its root employed
medicinally; — observed by Stewart in the Punjaub; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as faras
Coromandel and Bengal.
Nauclea parvifolia of Tropical Flindustan. A Cinchonoid tree thirty to forty feet high called in
Tamil “ neer-cadamba,” in Telinga “ bota-cadamie ” (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay “ kuddum ”
(Graham) ; and from early times, its timber used for flooring and other purposes : — observed by Gibson,
and Graham, “ common in the Mawul districts,” and “ about villages throughout the Concans ; ”
by Ro.xburgh, and Wight, from Malabar to Coromandel and Bengal.
Gardenia gummifera of Tropical Flindustan and Ceylon. An unarmed Cinchonoid tree, known
from early times : — observed by Law in the Bombay district, “ very common about Duddi on the
Gutpurba” (Graham) ; by Roxburgh, and Wight, in other parts of Hindustan, and is known to grow
on Ceylon, exuding from the buds and wounds in the bark a yellow resin similar to gum elemi (Pers.,
and Drur.). From transported specimens, is described by the younger Linnæus.
l^aveita Indica of Tropical Hindustan. A Cinchonoid shrub, three or four feet high and deciclu-
ous-Ieaved, called in Bengalee “ kookoora-choora,” in Hindustanee “ cancra,” in Tamil “ pavuttay,”
in Telinga “ paputta ” or'■ nooni-papoota ” (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay “ paput ” (Graham);
and from early times, its fruit made into pickles, its leaves used for manuring fields, and its root
employed medicinally : — observed by Rheede v. pl. 10 in Malabar; by Graham, from hills near Bombay
“ along the Ghauts,” and “ one of the commonest shrubs at Mahableshwur; ” by Ainslie, Roxburgh,
and Wight, as far as Coromandel, Bengal, Silhet, and Chittagong (Drur.).
Spermacpce hispida of Tropical Hindustan and Ceylon. A Cinchonoid annual called in Tamil
“ nuttee choorie,” in Telinga “ madana” (Drur.) ; and from early times, its root employed medicinally:—
ob.served by Rheede ix. pl. 76 in Malabar; by Graham, “ common in the rains” in the
environs of Bombay; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, as far as Travancore and Bengal;
and is known to grow on Ceylon (Pers.).
Vernonia cinerea of Tropical Flindustan. From early times, used in decoction to promote
perspiration in fevers: — observed by Rheede x. pl. 64 in Malabar; by Graham, in the environs of
Bombay “ a common weed during the rains by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, in other parts of
Hindustan; by Burmann pl. 96 on Ceylon ; and is described by Rumphius vi. pl. 14. Transported
to Europe, is described by Plukenet pl. 177.
Dæmia extensa of Tropical Hindustan. A frutescent Asclepioid twiner, called in Bengalee
“ chagul-bantee,” in Tamil “ vaylie-partie ” or “ ootamunnie,” in Telinga “ jutuga,” in Hindustanee
“ sagowania,” on the Deccan “ oobrun ” (Drur.); and from early times, employed medicinally: —
observed by Law, and Graham, in hedges and on bushes from Bombay to Ahmednuggur, “ and almost
everywhere,” next to “ the commonest” of its tribe ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as
Bengal and the Himalaya, yielding a fibre “ recommended as a fair substitute for flax” (Drur.).
Erythroea Roxbiirghii oi Hindustan. An herb, powerfully bitter, and from early times held in
great repute as a tonic : —observed by Roxburgh, and Wight, in the peninsula and Bengal, “ common
in cultivated fields after the rains.”
Bignonia {Stereospermum) chelonoides of Tropical Hinclustan, A large pinnate-leaved Bignonioid
tree called in Tamil “ ponipadyra marum,” in Telinga “ tagacia ” or “ kalighootroo,” in Malabar
“ padrie-marum ” (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay “ padree” or “ purrul ” (Graham) ; ancl Irom
with “ tyfi” pustules. Eastward, was observed by Ainslie, Retz, and Roxburgh, in Mysore and
the peninsula, its leaves in infusion prescribed by Hindu physicians “ as a stomachic in dyspeptic
affections and cholera” (Drur.).
early times, its beautiful flowers offered in temples, and its hard durable timber much used : —
observed by Rheede viii. pl. 24 in Malabar ; by Graham, near Bombay, and “ on the Ghauts pretty
common ; ” by Ainslie, Roxburgh, Wight, and Beddome, as far as Coromandel and Silhet.
Bignonia suberosa of -Southern Hmdustan and Burmah. An ornamental tree, its firm close-
grained wood known from early times, and its cracked spongy bark used as an inferior substitute
for cork:—growing from Tanjore to Madras and Courtallum (Roxb., and Drur.) ; but at Bombay,
observed by Graham only “ in gardens” and planted for ornament. Eastward, was observed by
Mason in Burmah, enumerated as indigenous. From transported specimens, is termed “ millingtonia
hortensis ” by the younger Linnæus.
Bignonia xylocarpa of Tropical Hindustan. A large tree with bipinnate deciduous leaves, called
in Tamil “ vadencarni” (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay “ khursing” or “ khursingee” (Graham),
at Daung in Kandesh “ bairsingee ” (Auld) ; its wood from early times used for cabinet purposes,
and its tender pods eaten:—observed by Auld, Graham, and others, in the “ Concans,” on the
Ghauts and in other parts of the district around Bombay; by Roxburgh, and Beddome, common “ in
almost all the Madras forests ” and from Mysore to Bengal (Drur.).
Evolvulus alsinoides of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A creeping prostrate herb called
“ vishnugarandi ” (Burm.), in Tamil “ vistnoo-krandie,” in Telinga “ vistnoo-krandum,” in Malabar
“ vistna-clandi ” (Drur.) ; and from early times, reputed a sovereign remedy in dysentery : — observed
by Rheede xi. pl. 64 in Malabar ; by Graham, near Bombay, and “ very common on the plains of the
Deccan during the rains ; ” by Burmann pl. 6, on Ceylon ; by Ainslie, and Roxburgh, as far as Bengal;
and by Mason, in Burmah.
Leucas aspera of Tropical Hindustan. A white-flowered Labiate annual, the juice of its leaves
from early times applied medicinally in cutaneous affections : — observed bv Graham in the environs
of Bo)nbay, its flowers “ appear in the rains; ” is termed “ phlomis esculenta” by Roxburgh, was
also observed in other parts of Hindustan by Waring pharm. ind. (Drur.).
Anisochilus caniosum of Tropical Hindustan and Burmrh. A small Lavandula-like perennial
called in Tamil “ karpuravalli,” in Telinga “ roga-chettu ” or “ omamu,” in Malabar -‘ chomara” or
“ kattu-kurrka ” or “ palu-kurrka,” in Hindustanee “ panjiri ” (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay
“ vova” (Graham); and from early times, its leaves and stems much employed medicinally: —
observed by Rheede x. pl. 90 in Malabar ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Drury, in Mysore, and in
“ clefts of rocks among mountains in N. Circars ; ’’ by Mason, in Burmah.
Anisomeles ovata of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A Labiate annual three or four feet high
called in Malabar “ tsjadaen” (Rheede) ; and from early times, an oil distilled from it used medicinally:
— observed by Rheede x. pl. 88 in Malabar ; by Graham, as far as Bombay : by Roxburgh, and Wight,
in other parts of Flindustan ; by Burmann pl. 71, on Ceylon (Drur.) ; and by Mason, in Burmah.
Clerodendrum serratnm of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A flowering ornamental shrub
called in Tamil “ chiru-dekku,” in Malabar “ tsjeru-teka ” (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay “ barungee”
(Graham) ; and from early times, its flowers and leaves eaten, and its root and seeds employed
medicinally : — observed by Rheede iv. pl. 29 in Malabar ; by Nimmo, and Graham, from “ Kandalla ”
near Bombay “ throughout the Mahal districts above the Ghauts ; ” by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight,
at Courtallum and its root under the name of “ gunta-bharinjie ” largely exported fro:n the Northern
Circars for medicinal purposes; and according to Drury is “ cultivated in Travancore.” F'arther
East, by Mason in Burmah, enumerated as indigenous.
Gisekia pharnaceoidcs of Tropical Hindustan and Bunnah, A Phytolaccoid herb ; from early
times, employed as a powerful anthelmintic in cases of tapeworm:—observed by Nimmo in the
“ Concans” (Graham), to and beyond Bombay; by Roxburgh cor. pl. 1S3, Wight, Drury, and Low-
ther, “ common in i)asture-grounds all over the country ; ” by iMason, in Burmah. From transported
specimens, described by Linnæus.
Tetrantheia monopetala of Tropical Hindustan. A middling-sized Lauraceous tree, flowering
from the branches below the leaves, called in Bengalee “ buro kookoorchitta,” in Telinga “ narra
mamady ” (Drnr.), in the environs of Bombay “ peesah ” or “ kalla jhar ” (Graham) ; and from early
times, its leaves given to silk-worms, its bark u.sed medicinalljr, and oil for candles and ointment procured
from its berries:—observed by Powell in the Punjaub; by Graham, “ on Kandalla Ghaut
and the hills about Parr” in the Bombay district, the leaves having the “ smell of cinnamon when
bruised ; ” by Ainslie, Ro.xburgh cor. ii. pl. 14S, and Wallich, as far as Bengal and Oude.
Amaranthus campestris of Tropical Hindustan. From earl\ times employed medicinally as demul