Y
“ in Lat. 53° 4 0 'or thereabouts ” descried “ twelve canoes with as many” natives proceeding to an
island not far off, and following in his ship anchored there. On landing, the natives “ by tlieir
actions shewed signs of fear and amazement; ” but advancing alone “ without anything in his hands,”
he was suffered to come near, ancl after a time succeeded in making them comprehend, that he wished
to exchange different articles for whalebone. The natives were dressed, “ some in seal skins,” but
chiefly in “ beaver coats” of “ many pieces sewed together, being the best patches in the sk in ; ”
demonstrating absence of traffic with any civilized people, not even with the Canadian French, nor
with the Hudson Bay factories. Their canoes “ were made of bark and whalebone, strongly sewed
together, covered with seal skin, payed over with a dark sort of gum” ( . . . . ) . The natives “ were
well made, and strong, very fat and full of blood ; ” their “ limbs well proportioned, their complexion
a dark red, their hair black, short, and straight, having no beard nor any hair but on their heads.
Their behaviour very lively and cheerful; their language guttural and dissonant; their arms were
bows and arrows, some of bone and some of wood ; their arrows feathered and barbed; they sling
their darts through a piece of ivory, made square and fastened to the palms of their hands. Capt.
Atkins conceives them to be a very cunning, subtile people, who could easily apprehend his meaning,
wdien he made signs lo them, but took no notice of his speaking to them.” Proceeding along the
coast, he “ found the country full of woods, alder” (A ln u s incana), “ y ew ” (Abies balsamea?'),
“ b ir ch ’ (Betula papyracea, of large size, since the canoes were in part made of bark), “ and witch-
hazel, a light fine wood for shipbuilding” (Ulmus Americana?); “ also fine large pines for ship
masts, of a much finer grain than in New England” (Pinus resinosa). — Capt, Prebble “ in 1753 ”
carried with him a young Frenchman, in hopes that some native “ might be found who understood
the French language,” but no one “ took more notice of it than of the English ; a plain proof these
people had never left their own country to trade with the French.”
“ Nov. 28th” (Charlev., Du Pratz, and Holmes), on the Mississippi, conspiracy of the Natchez,
tribe to massacre the French colonists ; and at a signal, “ two hundred” Frenchmen killed, and the
women, children, and Negroes captured. Of all the settlers at the trading post, “ not more than
twenty French, and five or six Negroes escaped.” — The following year, the Natchez tribe were all
captured by the French, the individu.ds were subjected to solitary imprisonment, and were afterwards
transported as slaves to Hayti.
“ In this y e a r ” (J. E . Smith, and Spreng.), Micheli publishing his Nov. gen. — He died “ in
I737-”
Najas tetrasperma of Italy. An aquatic annual observed by Micheli pl. 8. f. i in the waters of
I ta ly— (Pers.).
Carex divulsa of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. A woodland sedge described by
Micheli pl. 33, — and known to grow from Sweden to the Mediterranean (Engl. bot. pl. 629, Pers.,
and Wats.): observed by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, from the Peloponnesus to Constantinople.
“ 1730 A. D.” (art de verif.), Achmed I II. succeeded by Mahmood, twenty-fifth Turkish sultan.
Coins issued at Cairo by Mahmood, are figured in Marcel p. 229.
“ In this y e a r ” (Levchine kirgh. ii. 3 to iii. 6), voluntary submission to the empress Anne of the
Kirghiz-Kazaks around the Aral Sea. — The movement though but partial tended greatly to promote
their prosperity, by inducing peace with Siberian tribes under the dominion of Russia; traffic commenced
in 1736,” and though carried on by barter or dirgct exchanges, soon became very extensive.
“ In this y e a r ” (Winckl.), Hans Egede publishing his account of Greenland, enumerating
Dryas tenella pl. B. f. 3 (Ph.).
“ 1731 A. D.” (Hewet ii. i t , and Holmes), arrival in South Carolina of governor Robert Johnson,
commissioned by the king; and bills o f credit contirmeA by the Legislature. The rate of exchange
rose in consequence to “ seven hundred per c en t” or seven for one ; — where it continued
“ with little variation upward of forty years.”
In New England, there were now “ six furnaces for hollow ware, and nineteen forges” (Dougl.
i. 109, and Holmes).
“ Nov. 30th” (Pauth. 449), at Pekin, the severest earthquake ever experienced there ; and “ in
less than a minute,” more “ than a hundred thousand persons buried under the ruins of buildings.”
“ The same y e a r ” (Targ.), date of the manuscript Viridarium botanicum Italo-Hyspanum, in
which are enumerated “ ficoide ” Mesembiyanthemum linguiforme.
“ 1732, Jan. n t h ” (Blair), Pragmatic Sanction confirmed by the Diet.
“ In this y e a r ” (Linn. fl. suec,), Olaus Celsius publishing his Plants growing around Upsal; —
his Auct. Upland, “ in 1740,” and first investigated the mosses and minute plants of Sweden. He
published the first volume of his Hierobotanicon “ in 1745,” the second “ in 1747,” and died “ in
1756” (Spreng.). ^ . . ,
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng., and Winckl.), after his Plant. Giss. “ in 1718,” his Third edition of
Ray’s Synopsis “ in 1724” (A. Dec. g. b. 645-59), Dillenius publishing his Hort. Eltham., eiiumer-
OTing Canna glauca pi. 59, Salvia Mexicana 254, Commelina erecta 88, Ph lo x paniculata 166 f. 203,
P glaberrima 166. f. 202, Ipomaea glaucifolia 87. f. lo i, /. tamnifolia 318. f. 414, ipomopsis elegans
241 òympiioricarpus vulgaris 278, Triosteum perfoliatum 293, Physalis pruinosa 9, P . viscosa ro,
Solanum Empechiense 268, S. Bonariense 272, Cestrum diurnum 154, Jacquinia rusciflora 123,
Patagonula Americana 226, Sideroxylum inerme 265, Achyranthus radicans of Cav. 7, Cynanchum
E Z T E E 20. f. 22, Phyllis nobla 299, Portulacaria A fra roí ; Crassula
cidtrata, cihata, nudicaulis, and pellucida 97 to 100 f. 119, Haemanthus puniceus 140, Pancratium
AKxicanum 222, huconus regia 92. 93, Anthericum frutescens 231, A . aloides 232. f. 300, Atraphaxis
N i l T z T /nollissima 219, Saxifraga Groenlandica 253. f.
Z E r l T ró 397, fe. Angiieà 309. f. 398, X. péndula 312, X. aniirrhina 313, X.
5 I E N ’ f f iZEri "- 3 0 -f- 407, Cotyledon hemisphaerica 95. f. i l l , Sedum Hispanicum
o n i h E N ' f T I 7 ’ 217, Opuntia tuna 295. f. 380; Mesembryanthemum
latum, obhquum, longum, rostratum, bellidiflorum, slipulaceum, loreum, verruculatum
glomeratuni, serratum, scabrum, bracteatum, and filamcntosum 183 to 293 ; Aizoon Hispanicuin
117, Rosa pendidina 243. f. 317, Helianthemum surreianum 145. f. 172, H. marifolium 145. f. 173
ematis crispa 73, C Orientalis 119, Ajuga Orientalis 53, Trichostema brachiata 285, Lantan'a
melissaefolia 37 f 36, Verbena Bonariensis 300, Pr iva Mexicana 302, Ruellia clandestina 248,
x. s T ’ is 249, Lepidium Bonariense 286, Iberis Gibraltarica 287, Sisymbrium bursifolium 148. f.
h il ; Hermannia lavandulifolia 147, Passiflora vespertilio 137; Pelargonium
T E E N E T N 0 ‘’ ‘^‘’ ’'“ ^^riimum 131 ; Geranium Bohemicum 133. Sida DiUeniana 2, X.
Occidentalis 6, S. M nfoaa 172. f. 211, Malva abutiloides i, M . virgata 169. f. 206, M. grossulari-
fo h a i6g. f. 207, Hibiscus feu/neus 137, Baptisia perfoliata 102. f. 122, Phaseolus helvolus 233. f.
! ’/ ’ ’="“ ‘’^'^‘^^“ ■"0 4 , P- a.atus 235. f. 303, Rhynchosia tomentosa 26. f. 29, Clitoria Virginiana 76,
Hedysarum maculatum 141, Lesfedeza repens 142, Vernonia glauca 262 (“ V. oligophylla ” of Mx )
Cirsium altissimum E Bidens nodifiora 44, Melananthera hastata 46. f. 54, C a c a i !papUlaris 5 /
Chrysocoma scabra 88 Í. 103, Artemisia tenuifolia 33; Gnaphalium rutilans, undulatum 107. f.
r I , ; H-2, Erigeron Carolinianum 306, E . Bonariense 237, Pluchea
camphorata 88- f- 104, P . foetida 89 f. 105 ; Senecio pseudo-china, hastatus, halimifolius, and coriaceus
104 to 2 0 . f. 335 ; A ster foliolosus 35, A . multiflorus 36, f. 40, Eidhamia lanceolata 306. f. 304 X«//-
dago aspera 305. f. 392, X. rugosa 308. 396, Tetragonotheea helianthoides 283. Tagetes minMa 280,
Silphium asteriscus 37, Othonna arborescens 103, Bryonia ficifolia 50, Cliffortia ilic ifo lia * 3,1, Iris
Virginica 155. f- 188, Liatris pycnostachya 72. f. 83, 253. f. 3^8, Ifomoca L im u t a t a f i i- E D ip tera
anthus biflorus 331 ; “ hedysarum trifolium scandens folio longiore splendente” 143 {. 170
'<;‘>‘ T f h s ( ■ Hedysarum ” of Linn., “ G. pilosum ” of Ell.) ; “ aster ericoides dumosus ” 36.
Í. 40 Aster ericoides, a. ericoides meliloti agriæ umbone ” 35. f. 39 A . miser
“ In this jæar” (ffi Suec. p. v, and Spreng.), after his Hort. Upland. “ in 1731,” Linnæus visitin»
L a # n d , meetorg w.th Campanula uniflora pi. 9. f. 5. 6, Luzula pallescens 10. 2, Andromeda (C a l
siope') hypnoides I. 3, Saxífraga rivularis 2. 7, Lychnis apetala 12. ., Ranunculus Pygmaeus 3. 3,
Pedicularis Lapponica) 3. 4, Y. flammea 4. 2, X«/^ glauca 7. 5, X. lanata 7. 7, X. nflricans 8. f. }
^ Roubieva multifida of Austral America. A Salsolaceous plant, transported to Europe, described
by Dillenius pl. 6 6 - - (Pers#. and termed “ chenopodium multifidum ” by Linnæus ; recently, observed
Z a a N ' T ’ - T and Southern France (Gussone, Moq.,
red A. Dec.) : and m 1S50, by J. Carey in the streets of the city of New York. In the Southern
Hemisphere known to grow along the Lower La Plata (Pers.) ; and according to A. Decandolle
occurs also in Brazil and Peru. ® luuuc,
A ltem ia n th e r a a ch y ra n th a of Brazil. A prostrate Aniaranthaceous plant, transported to Europe
rtscnbed by Dilleiims i. pi. 8 ,- t e rm e d “ illecebrum achyrantha” and “ achyranthes repens ” bè
Limiæiis, and has becoire naturalized ; occurring abundantly near Cadiz, and in streets of towns on
the Canary Island.s (Webb, and A. Dec.). Westward, is known to grow wild along the Atlantic
sbox e of Iropical Anmnca, extending also a little farther South (Moq.) : was observed bv Walter in
I I , t e f fr Georgia; by Chapman, “ along roads'and places
much tiodden, Florida to South Carolina.”
t D i ^ T Lapponlca of the Arctic region. Observed by Linnæus on moss-covered stones
Uiioughout the mountains of Lapland. — Westward, by . . . . in Labrador (Collins); by Lapylaie
in New.oimdland; by 1 eck, Oakes and myselt, scattered over the alpine region of the White nioun!
treis ; is known to grow on the Adirondack mountains of Northern N e ? York (A. Grav) • was
P td fi/ Chamisso, on St. Lawrence Island in the North
Saxifraga cernua of the Arctic region and alpine summits ferther South. Observed by Linnæus