ç 22 c h r o n o l o g i c a l A R R A N G E M E N T
» 8»-3 a n d P e r s . ) . T r a n s p o r t e d t o B r i t a i n , h a s b e e n f o u n d a d v e n t i v e , s p r i n g i n g u p s p o n t a n e o u s l y
» N o n t e . . . A » . H = . ,
.« i o R t y » - « o n . . . - = 7 , % ™ + + +
S w e d e n ; b y R o t h , i n G e r m a n y ; b y S i b t h o r p , o n m o u n t Hdianthemum fumana A t h o s . T e r m e d “ e h a - o f m i d d l e E u r o p e a n d t h e a d j o i n i n g p o r t i o n o f A s i a . T e r m e d
h i s t . i . 74, - “ h . t e n u i f o l i u m g l a b r u m l u t e o f l o r e p e r h u m u m s p a r s i i m
b y B a u l i i n h i s t . i i . i 8, a n d T o u r n e f o r t i n s t . 2 4 9 , “ h e r b a £ # 0 ” ^7 f f i # ? / n d ' f f i e i f f i ) ™
G o t h l a n d t o F r a n c e a n d S w i t z e r l a n d a n d t h r o u g h o u t m i d d l e E u r o p e ( J a c q . a u s t r . p l . 2 5 - , a n d I e i . . ) .
o b s e r v e d b y L i n n æ u s i n G o t h l a n d 1 b y S i b t h o r p , o n m o u n t 0 h o s . „ J v e s t r i s n o n a ”
b y c S : : p L . T o m . ! #
i n s t . 335, a n d k n o w n t o g r o w f r o m S w e d e n t h r o u g h o u t m i d d l e E u r o p e ( f l . « ’ f f i - f f i f f i f ’ f f i #
4 6 5 a n d P e r s . ) ; o b s e r v e d b y L i n n æ u s i n m o u n t a i n m e a d s i n S w e d e n , b y . i f f i t i n n n l e
f f i S c o p o l i , i n C a r n i o l i a ; b y S i b t h o r p , a n d C h a n b a r d , f r o m «»e P e l o ^ n r e r e s to C o n s t # Silene alpestris o f t h e m o u n t a i n s o f m i d d l e E u r o p e . D e s c r i b e d b y C l u s i u s f f i ? J ’ #
( S p r e n g . ) ; t e r m e d “ l y c h n i s q u a d r i f i d a ” b y S c o p o l i ( S t e u d ) , a n d k n o w n t o
r e d A r í s t r i a n A l p s ( J a c q . a n s t . i . p l . 9 6 , a n d K o c h ) . A s i n g l e s p e c i m e n c o l l e c t e d m S c o t l a n d , o n a
m o u nLthani no dEoarsutm o fa Cbloorvliav u( Bma b . , a n d A . D e c . ) . r e A s i a D e s c r i b e d b v C l u - o f m i d d l e E u r o p e a n d t h e a d j o i n i n g p o r t i o n o f A s m
'^^Eilium Pyrenaicum o f t h e P y r e n e e s a n d S o u t h e r n A l p s . T e r m e d “ # £ #
W s X — M T M - M M W r S S .:
^'"E7E7pânlculalum o f E a . s t e r n E u r o p e a n d t h e a d j o i n m g p o r t i o n o f A s i a , f f i # ™ # #
e r a . 1 Rl ra
S o u t h e r n E u r o p e - ( P e r s . ) ; b y C h a u b a r d . i n t h e P e l o p o n n e s u s .
d e ^ r i b e d b y ^ L a k e H u r o n a n d f a r t h e r N o r t h ( H o o k ) , a n d “ f r o m N e w E n g l a n d IS krewn t o g r # f r o m f f i e b e c t o A l l e g h a n i e s b y N u t t a l l ; was
u . n . u . , M o . „ c h , „<1 S c W t t ( S . r a l ) ;
OF A C C O M P A N Y IN G A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S . 923
Allium flavum of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Described by Clusius hist. 194 —
(Spreng.), and Rudbeck elys. ii. pl. 157; termed “ a. juncifolium bicorne Iuteum” by Tournefort inst.
384; and known to grow from Fontainebleau to Montpelier (Pers.) : observed by Jacquin pl. 141 in
Austria ; by Sibthorp, on the Greek islands.
“ March, 1602” (Strach. 1 5 4 ) 1 Samuell Mace, in the employ of Sir Walter Raleigh, sailing from
England ; but instead of examining the country around Hatteras, he visited the coast “ forty leagues
to the so-westward ” in “ 34° ; ” procuring “ saxafras ” at that time “ worth some three shillings the
lb ,” also “ Chyna roots ” (Smilaxpseudo-Chind), “ benjamin ” (Benzoin odoriferum), “ cassia lignea ” (Cassia Marilandlca), “ and the rynd of the tree which growes there, more strong than any spice,
the vertue whereof, at length, is nowe well knowne ” (Aralia spinosa).
“ May 15 th ” (Strachey, Purchas, and Holmes), by Bartholomew Gosnold, in making the first
direct passage from England M'est to America, a headland discovered “ in the latitude of forty-two
degrees,” and named by him “ cape Cod.” Following the coast Southward and soon Westward, an
island discovered (Vitis labrusca).on the “ 21st,” and named by him “ Martha’s Vineyard” from the “ nombre of
vynes ” Beyond this, on another island named by him “ Elizabeth,” he commenced
a fort and (Ulmus Americana), settlement. The island proved to be covered with “ oaks, ashes, beech, walnut, witch-
liazel” “ sassafrage and cinale), (Pisum (Juniperus Virginiana),cedars” maritimum), “ with (Sassafras divers others
offi
of unknown names ; ” also “ wild pease ” (Ribes hirtellum),“ young sassafrage (Cratoegus ” coccinea),
“ cherry-trees, gooseberry-bushes” “ hawthorn” “ honeysuckles ” (Azalea viscosa), “ with others of the like quality ; ” besides “ strawberries ” garia Virginiana), (Fra
“ ra sp s ” (Rubus strigosus), “ eglantine” (Rosa lucida), “ ground-nuts” tuberosa),“ snxxm" (Apios ( . . . . ), “ tansy” (/fe/;?«////« « « rrt« « ), “ etc. without count.” * — Dissensions
arising, the whole party “ June iSth ” sailed for home.
“ 1603, March 24th” (B 1 lir, and Nicol. p. 33g), Elizabeth queen of England succeeded by James
VI. of Scotland. Thereby uniting the two kingdoms, under the general title “ Great Britain.”
“ May ” (Churchill coll., and chron. edit, by Michelant), anchoring at Tadoussac, Samuel Champlain
continued up the St. Lawrence to the rapids, “ getting information of several great lakes and of
a boundless sea at four hundred leagues distance westward.”
“ Beginning of June” (Purchas, and Holmes), arrival of Martin Pring with two small vessels on
the American coast, “ between the forty-third and forty-fourth degrees of north latitude, among a
multitude of islands.” Following the coast South, in search of sassafras, he entered a large sound ;
and on the North side, “ in the latitude of forty-one degrees and odde minutes,” built a hut and enclosed
it with a barricade ; where some of the party kept guard while others collected sassafras in the woods.
The natives were treated with kindness, and the-last of the two vessels departed .well freio-hted on
the “ gth of Augus t.”
“ The same y e a r ” (art de verif.), Mohammed III. succeeded by Achmed or Achmet, sixteenth
Turkish sultan.
“ The same year ” (Spreng.), the Academia Lynceorum, the earliest literary and scientific association,
founded by Fridericus Cæsius of Rome.
“ 1604, May 6th” (Churchill coll., Charlev., and Holmes), arrival in Acadie of De Monts, with
two ships. Doubling Cape Sable, he entered an extensive bay ; and on the East side, found a harbor
which he named Port Royal, and settled there some of his men. On the West side of the Bay, he
discovered a great river which he called St. John; and jrroceeding thence “ southwesterly twenty
leagues,” he wintered on an island which he called St. Croix.
“ The same year ” (Humb. cosm. ii.), sudden appearance in the foot of the constellation Ophiucus
of a star of more tiian the first magnitude. The star soon disappeared, — and from this time, no new
star of the first or second magnitude has made its appearance in the heavens.
“ The same y e a r ” (M. Russell p. 273), the Abyssinian king Za Denghel converted to Catholicism
by the jesuit Peter Paez, and the observance of Saturday or the Jewish sabbath prohibited. The
Abyssinians revolting, Za Denghel was overpowered and slain, and Yacob was restored as king.
“ 1605, M a y ” (Strachey, and Slafter), Capt. Georg Weymouth sailing along the coast from
Cape Cod as far as ihe Sacliadehoc (Kennebec). He continued sailing “ very neere forty miles ” up
the river, which he found “ virged with a greene border of grasse ” and a noble growth of timber, the
* r h a s p i u m a u r e u m of Northeast America. A yellow-flowered Umbelliferous plant, perhaps the
“ alexander” seen by Gosnold on Elizabeth Islands, — and the “ alexanders which grow upon rocks
by the seashore” seen by Josselyn 45 farther North in New England : T . aureum was received by
Hooker from Quebec and Lake Huron ; was observed by myself from 44° throughout New England ;
by A. Gray, “ not rare ” in central New York; by Pursh, from Pennsylvania to Carolina; by Elliot’
in South Carolina; by Chapman, in “ Florida, and northward.”
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