984 CH R O N O LO G IC A L A R R A N G EM E N T
I, I T y p i i s r a d i a t a i. 109. f. 2, B i g n o n i a ( T e c o m d ) s l a n s ii. p. 63, T r e s in e c e l o s i o i d e s i. pi. go. — He
published an account of his Voyage “ in 1707-27.”
M o l l u g o n u d i c a u l i s of Tropical America ? An herb observed by Sloane pl. 129, — and Plumier
pl. 21, in the West Indies, also by Swartz, who termed it “ pharnaceum spathulatum” (A. Dec.).
Eastward, has been observed in Senegal (fl. Nigr. 104 to 225) : and by Wallich, and Wight prodr. 43,
in cultivated ground in Hindustan and Burmah.
C r o t a l a r i a i n c a n a o i Tropical America. A Leguminous annual, observed by Sloane pl. 179,—
and Jacquin obs. iv. p l 82, in the West Indies, and known to grow from Mexico to Peru and Brazil
(Cav. iv. pl. 322, and Benth.). Eastward, observed on the opposite shore of Equatorial Africa (fl.
Nigr.); and about 1822 carried to Ceylon, found there by Gardner a weed spreading in ail directions
(bot. mag. 1S48), by Edgeworth in the Doab springing up spontaneously, but by Wight in peninsular
Hindustan only under cultivation (A. Dec.).
D e s m o d i u m t o r t u o s u m of Equatorial Africa. A shrubby Leguminous plant through European
colonists carried to the West Indies, and observed by Sloane pl. 116, — and Macfadyen, on Jamaica,
often in cultivated ground (A. Dec.) ; by Swartz, on other West India Islands (Steud.); and by Humboldt
and Bonpland, along the Magdelena (Kunth). Eastward, is known to grow bn the Cape Verd
Islands, and from Senegal to Abys.sinia (Webb in fl. Nigr. 122).
C a s s ia o b t u s i f o l i a of Equatorial Africa. A roughish annual, through European colonists carried
to America, and observed by Sloane ii. 47 in the West Indies ; — by Chapman, “ waste places, Florida
to North Carolina, and westward ; ” known to occur also on Cuba (Pers.), and in South America
(Vogel, and A. Dec ). Eastward, is known to grow on the Cape Verd Islands (Webb), in the sands
of Senegal (Perr. and Guill.), and in Guinea (Benth. fl. Nigr.).
A m b l o g y n a p o l y g o n o i d e s o i Tropical America. A prostrate Aniaranthaceous plant observed by
Sloane pl. 92 in the West Indies — (Spreng.); by Nuttall, around New Orleans; by Chapman, “ South
Florida.” Transported to Europe, is termed “ illecebrum polygonoides ” by Miller, is described also
by Hermann par. 17 (Spreng.), Moench, and Willdenow pl. 6 ; escaping from gardens, even at Dresden,
but not naturalized in Europe (Reich., Koch, and A. De c.); occurs also in Equatorial Africa
(Moquin); Ceylon (Pers.), and Hindustan, having according to Piddington a Sanscrit name.
L i p p i a a s p e r i f o l i a of Tropical America. Observed by Sloane loS f. 2 in Tropical America —
(Willd.), and known to grow from Venezuela to the La Plata (H. and B., and A. Dec.). Transported
to Europe is termed “ verbena globifera ” by Linnæus — (Steud.), “ zapania odoratissima ” by Scopoli,
and “ z. odorata ” in Persoon (Steud.). By European colonists was carried to Eastern Austral Africa
(A. Dec.), and to Zanzibar (Boj.).
C r o t o n e l e u t e r i a of the West Indies. A small tree observed by Sloane ii. pl. 174,* — and Swartz
ii. 1183, in the West Indies, the “ chacrilla” or “ ilateria” of the Bahamas as appears from Catesby ii,
46; yielding the c a s c a r i l l a io a x k o i commerce (Woodv. suppl p l 211, and Wright), ascertained by
Pereira to come principally from the Bahamas. Cascarilla is regarded by Lindley as “ a most valuable
remarkable for its inner lace-like bark separating into linen-like folds that will even bear wasliing:
observed by Sloane ii. pl. 168, — and Browne pl. 31, on Jamaica; by Swartz ii. 680, on other West
India Islands.
P i s o n i a a c u l e a t a of Tropical America. Arborescent observed by Sloane ii. pl. 167, — and Plumier,
in the West Indies, growing according to Chapman from the point of Florida, and according to
Choisy as far as Brazil. By European colonists, was carried Westward across the Pacific to the
Philippines, observed in certain localities by Blanco, and called in Tagalo “ digguit digguit,” in Ylocano
“ pu ruquit;” to the Moluccas (Choisy); to Timor (Decaisne); to Hindustan (Roxb., and Graham);
where, as appears from A. Decandolle, it has acquired native names; but was probably carried
Eastward to the Mauritius Islands, observed by Bojer “ naturalized.”
* C r o t o n c a s c a r i l l a of the West Indies. A bush calleci on Jamaica w i l d r o s e m a r y , observed by
Sloane i. p l 86, — and Jacquin pl. 162, in the West Indies; known to be frequent on various islancls,
as on Hayti, and erroneously supposed to yield cascarilla (L in d l) . From transported specimens,
described by Linnæus, and Willdenow.
C y p e r u s e l e g a n s o i Tropical America. Observed by Sloane p l 75 in the West Indies, — and
known to Kunth only from America. Through European colonists carried across the Atlantic, and
possibly Eastward to Equatorial Africa (Benth. fl. Nigr.), and A.sia (A. Dec.).
S p o r o b o l u s I n d i c u s of Tropical America. A grass observed by Sloane pl. 73 in the West Indies ;
by .Michaux, in Carolina ancl Florida; by Elliot, in South Carolina; by N. A. Ware, in Florida;
by Chapman, “ waste places, Florida to North Carolina;” by Nuttall, on the Mississippi to New
• Orleans; by Baldwin, on Bermuda; and known to occur also in Australia (Kunth). From transported
specimens, is described by Linnæus, and Beauvois.
r OF A C C OM P A N Y IN G A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S . 985
bitter, aromatic, tonic stimulant;” and under the name of “ kedré ambar” was seen by Rouyer in the
drug-shops of Egypt.
M a r a n t a a r u n d i n a c e a of Tropical America. A Scitamineous herb called a r r o w r o o t , observed
by Sloane i. pi. 149 in the West Indies, — but according to Lindley brought to Jamaica from Barbadoes
; observed by N. A. Ware as far as 28° in Florida, on the St. John’s river near Lake George
(Nutt.). Clearly by European colonists was carried to Bermuda, arrowroot forming there an article
of export; to Burmah, “ several years ago by ” O’Riley, and according to Mason v. 507 “ beginning to
be largely cnilivated ” Its tubers according to Lindley “ yield the Arrowroot of commerce, one of the
lightest and most nutritious of vegetable aliments.” (See Tacca pinnatifida.)
M a n i s u r i s g r a n u l a r i s of Equatorial Africa. A weedy grass, observed by Sloane i. pl. 80 In the
West Indies, — also by Swartz; and according to Kunth, occurring also in Guayana, Cumana, and
Mexico: observed by Michaux on the sea coast of Carolina and Georgia; by Elliot, near Charleston,
probably introduced ; by Chapman, “ fields and pastures, Florida to South Carolina,” “ introduced.”
Eastward, is known to grow in Equatorial Africa along the Atlantic (Benth. fl. Nigr.) ; was observed
by Grant, a weed at “ 2° N.” on the Nile ; is known to grow also on Madagascar (A. Juss., and A.
Dec.) ; was observed by Graham near Bombay, by Roxburgh cor. ii. pl. 118 in Eastern Hindustan ;
and according to Sweet, aud Kunth, occurs in the East Indies as far as China.
“ 1688, Jan. 4th,” Dampier arriving in Australia. The natives there using a piece of the “ rind ”
of a tree ibr a “ girdle, and a handful of long grass ” for a covering, making “ wares of stone to take
small fish,” but having “ no houses ; ” and he was unable to discover how they procure fire.
Among plants met with by Dampier in Australia, B a n k s i a i n t e g r i f o l i a iv. 128, M e t r o s id e r o s h i s p
i d a iv. 128,* K e n n e d i a p r o s t r a t a iv. 127, A s t e r g l a n d u l o s u s iv. 127, C a s u a r i n a d i s t y l a or q u a d r i v a l v
i s iv. 127, F u c u s p i l u l a r i a 125, and in other countries visited by him. L o b e l i a a r b o r e a 125, S o l a n u m
f e r o x 126, E r i o c a l e a m i n o r iii. 157. pl. 3, D i p l o l a e n a . . . . iii. n o . pl. 3, and B o m b a x e r i a n t h u s i.
177 — have been determined from his published figures (Spreng. gesch.).
On reaching Austral Africa, Dampier describes the Hottentots as having had s h e e p and b u l l o c k s
before the arrival of the Dutch ; celebrating the time of new and full moon by “ mirth and nocturnal
pastimes,” singing and clapping of hands (derived from Arabs ?) ; possessing a few earthen pots for
boiling victuals ; and as much infested with lice.
“ Dec. 8th” (Nicol.), abdication of James II. in favour of his daughter Mary and her husband
William III., as rulers of United Britain.— They were proclaimed on the following “ Feb. i6 th ” (Blair,
and Holmes).
“ The same y e a r ” (coll hist. iii. 259, and Holmes), building at Boston of the first episcopal church
in Massachusetts, a wooden edifice called “ king’s,chapel.” — The existing stone edifice (according to
the same authorities) was commenced in “ 1749” by governor Shirley.
“ 1689, April i8 th ” (Chaim., and Holmes), the people of the surrounding country pouring into
Boston, and in the uprising. Governor Andros with “ about fifty ” other persons seized and imprisoned.
The former magistrates were reinstated; a general assembly meeting “ May 22d,” voted “ to resume
the government according to charter rights : ” on the “ 24th,” the former governor and magistrates
consented to resume authority until there could be an orderly settlement; and on the “ 29th, ’ William
and Mary were formally proclaimed : application was then made, for authority to continue the government
according to the old charter until á new one could be settled ; and the request was granted. In
Rhode Island, the people on hearing of the imprisonment of Andros, held a meeting and voted to
resume their charter; and accordingly reinstated the former general officers.
“ July 26th ” (Charlev., and Hofmes), the Frencfi settlement at Montreal burned, and the colonists
“ a thousand” in number massacred by “ twelve hundred” aboriginals; belonging to the federated
tribes called the “ Five nations.”
“ In this y e a r ” (Klapr. mem. i. 2 to 79), first treaty between Russia and China. Concluded by
Golowiir at Nertchinsk, and fixing the boundary East of the mouth of Great Gerbitsi and on the left
of the Amoor, where a stone pillar was erected.
* P e d U a n t h u s t i t h y m a l o i d e s of Australia ? The J e w b u s h or s l i p p e r p l a n t , called in the environs
of Bombay “ th or” (Grah.), was observed by Dampier 126— (Spreng.). By European colonists was
carried to Hindustan, observed there by Ainslie ii. 99; by Graham around Bombay “ common in
almost every garden, as edging to walks ; ” and according to Mason v. 491 “ is as abundant as a wild
plant” in “ the neighborhood of Calcutta,” and “ is seen in cultivation occasionally” in Burmah.
Transported to Europe, is described by Plukenet aim. p l 230, Commelyn hort. i. pl. i f . and Miller.
Farther West, was observed by Jacquin amer. p l 92 in the West Indies ; is known to occur there seemingly
wild in stony places near the sea (Pers ) ; and according to Lindley is employed medicinally at
Curagao.
l i ’i t ' Î 1
U Yi
' - : £ 'Z ‘ S. 1
OT
Í -
T
V Ù
. t , :
'■+f
D r
tfcYL. :
.. ;
k T
f ■ '■
t o ’
, L
Ï
i i - - fer.îi
■
'i
■ f o t o
1 . - •
‘S.
■ ■
! Y
V
' f r r -
'K