íií
'II!
observed by Aublet ill. pl. 296 in the Guayana forest, — its fragrant seeds well known in commerce
(P e rs.). By European colonists, was carried to the We.st Indies (Descourt.) ; and recently to Egypt,
observed there in gardens by Ciot-Bey.
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Q u e r y Martinez publishing his Flor. Hispan.— He died “ in 1764,”
and two volumes were published by Ortega “ in 1778.”
“ At the dose of December” (fior. p. Ixxxvi), Forskal from Suez arriving at Lohaja in Yemen. —
Journeying inland, he died at Taæs “ In the beginning of June 1763.”
Trianthema crystallina of the Arabian and Abyssinian Desert. The ice-plant observed by
For.skal p. 69 at Dahl in the Arabian Desert and termecl “ papularia crystallina; ” — by Speke, in
the opposite Somali country, and by Grant as far as “ 18° 4 5 '” on the Nile, sheep said to fatten on it.
Transported to Europe, is described by Vahl ; and from Europe was carried to Northeast America,
where it continues under cultivation in vases.
Mahia montana of the mountains of Yemen. Called there “ hörocl,” and observed by Forskal
p 124 in the middle mountain-region near Hadie. — Tran.sported to Europe, was termed “ m. nicaeen-
s i s ” by Allioni as observed in Piedmont, “ m. se tosa ” by Moench (Cav! ii. pl. 25, Pers., and Steud.):
in Britain, has recently been observed in a single locality, near the Botanic garden at Chelsea (Wats,
cyb. iii. 329, and A. Dec.).
“ 1763 A. D .” (Blair), the expulsion of the Jesuits from France completed.
“ The same y e a r ” (Spreng.), Bougainville sailing for Brazil and the Falkland Islands, accompanied
by Pernetty. — An account of tlie Voyage was published by Pernetty in “ 1770.”
“ In this y e a r ” (J. E. Smith, and Spreng.), Linnæus the younger publishing his second Decad.,
enumerating Ziiinia multißora pl. 12.
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Vitaban Donati, after publishing his Hist. nat. adriat “ in 1750” ancl
making important collections in Syria and Egypt, shipwrecked on his return and assassinated.
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Adanson publishing his Fam. plant., enumerating Brunnichia cirrhosa,
— He died “ in 1806.”
“ 1764 A. D.” (Spreng.), König arriving in Iceland.
“ The same y e a r ” (coll. hist., and Holmes), disappearance of the blue fish, Temnodon from the
waters around Nantucket, after abounding there from the first settlement by the English.*
“ In this y e a r ” (title-page), Linnæus publishing the Third volume of the Amoen. acad,, enumer-
rating Lechea major p. 11. f. 4.
“ 1765, Jan. lo th ” (Holmes), by the British parliament, an act requiring stamps on all papers
legal and mercantile throughout the American colonies. The act, except in Canada, Nova Scotia,
and some of the West India islands, was everywhere resisted ; and a congress meeting at New York
“ on the first Tuesday in October,” consisting of delegates from Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut,
New York, New Jersey, Penn.sylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and South Carolina, declared:
The colonists entitled to all the rights and liberties of British subjects, among which was the exclusive
power to tax themselves. — The view of the colonists was supported in Parliament by Pitt, admitting
that “ taxation and representation are inseparable ; ” and on the following “ March i8th,” the act was
repealed.
“ In this y e a r ” ( . . . . Spreng.), Wulff publishing his Flor. Boruss.
“ The same y e a r ” (J. W. Rosse), “ the sovereign rights of the duke of Athol in the Isle of Man,”
purchased by the British parliament.
“ The same y e a r ” (Blair, and Maunder), Bengal finally acquired by the British East India Company:
and “ May 3d,” landing of Clive, appointed “ commander-in-chief, president, and governor.”
Cocculus palmatus oi Mozambique. A v in e called there “ kalumb,” growing in the forest: the
root imported into Malabar and Ceylon as early as this year, and called in Tamul “ cokimboo vayr,”
in Cingalese “ kalamboo k lio o ” — (Thunb. trav. iv. p. 185, Fortin, and Ainsl. mal. ind.). The living
plant carried by Capt. W. F. W. Owen to the Mauritius Islands, and observed there under cultivation
by Bojer. From transported specimens, de.scribed by Lamarck enc. iv. p, 99, and Plooker bot. mag.
* Eriocaulon septangulnre of Northeast America. Having without human intervention reached
the European coast, discovered in this year on Skye, West of Scotland, — afterwards in abundance
in Western Ireland (Plook., and A D e c ) , and termed “ nasmythia articulata” by Pludson: was ascertained
by Lightfoot to be an Eriocaulon, by Withering to be an undescribed species (Steud.); and
has received the English name of pipewort (Prior). Westward, was observed by Lapylaie in Newfoundland
; by myself, in shallow water and on exposed mud from 48° on the Saguenay throughout
New England; by Torrey, to 41° on the Hudson; by Pursh, from Canada to New Jersey; and
according to A. Gray, grows from “ Pennsylvania to Michigan;” according to Hooker, as far as the
Saskatchewan.
Lindley, root “ is a valuable and excellent tonic, having
aromatic qualities, but mucilaginous and not acting as a stimulant.”
and “ Friendly ” Islands (consisting of the Tongan
a n d iX V e V h f s / f f i . f f i / / / / / ' l^ Ekeberg visiting China. - He made a Second visit “ in 1770.”
“ 1766 A. D .” (append. Sibth.), Linnæus publishing the Twelfth edition of his Systema Naturæ
O r e n b l lg fr"'"’’ ^47). A. Rinder residing as a physician at
CynEossum Rinderi of the Uralian plains. A vernal and remarkable species observed by Rin-
a f f i f e f f i o ' r t l f f i f f iE " O r e n b o u r g ; -b y Pallas i. 310, as far West as the Kinel
Ornithogalum bulbiferum of the Uralian plains. Observed by Rinder in the environs of Oren-
? 61® Lower Yaik and along the Caspian (Pall. ii. 547).
‘ In this year ” (Willd.), Schwenk publishing his Plort. med. hag.
in fr"®"" ° " 'y " "d waste places
f ro / r } è 0 '^ ° Tropical America (H. and B,, and Steud.). Received
k / f f i / n " fr E 328.pl. I .- P r o b a b ly by European colonists, carried to Equatorial Africa,
known to occur m Senegambia and Guinea (R. Brown cong., and Benth. fl. Ni»r.).
“ In fois y e a r ’’ £ p ren g .), Peter Jonas Bergius publishing his Proteac. (stockh. acad. 316).
fo this year (Spreng ), Carteret sailing among foe “ Friendly ” Islands.
year ” (coll. hist. vi. 239, and Holmes), a Marine society formed in Salem, New Eng-
' " 0 7 '. ” And “ in 1799,” the East India Marine society of Salem formed,
to to"® 7®# (Humb. cosm. 11.), different kinds of gas or unmixed air recognized by Black and
a f f i l Î n / f f i f f i r e e f f i “ combustible a i r ” (hydrogen) slown t o l e distinct
“ U 6 7£ la r ch 31st ” (Blair), expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain; and “ Nov. 2is t,” from Naples.
that NT frty t o ? " ‘fr Holmes), Parliament persisting in taxing the colonies, and receiving news,
W r i l T n t T / l to ''® P®#™" ™® ‘®°°P® 1 “ restraining foe assembly of New
Y oik until comphrece. The colonists now became alarmed, jealous of ulterior designs ; and “ Letffito
e ld em fr“ " " "PP®"®"""®’ demonstrating the danger of a small tax, as establishing
eighty-second generation. Sept. ist, 1767, mostly beyond youth: the Greek
wnters Regas of V e £ t in u s d. 1798, Nicephorus Theotokes d. 1800: other writers, Mendelssohn;
Jao de Sousa; Yon Wisin; Neledinsky-Meletzky: the zoologists, H. B. Saussure d. 1799, Carolus
£ n n e t d. 1793, Bonavent. Com, Turb. Needham d. 1781 : the botanists, C. G. Ludwi» d 1773 Io
# r e e r d 1790, Io. Ern. Stieff, P. D. Giseke, Iac. Wernischek, N. Jos. Necker, F. va+Berkhey’, d !
C C utolito" I w f r t o 'T "fr''®®?’" Kdlreuter d. 1799, William Watson, Phil. Fermin,
f f i l l d / l e i f f i r I 0 0 ' to ™ S®*’ "®®® d- 1790, Io. Iac. Ritter d. 1784, Theoph.
foaickhauren I . PI. G. Mohnng d. 1792, C. L. Willich, F. G. Weis, Io. F, C. Grimm, S. G, Wilcke,
G. L. Weigel, A. B. Kolpin, H, G. comes Mattuscha d. 1779, G. G. Rev»er d 1788 W Inrhenal
and Ach. M # £ B . Dubourg, F. Descnrain, A. L. L a to n re ttfA n t . B a t t a f f i l i 7 8 0 P 'ffils s . 1 1 ; ; ?
Gem ly c h o P olm., Io. Strom, Io. S. Leinker, C. L. Roloff, Mich. Matth. Ludolff, Io. Marsilius. A.
F I t to to " ® J"'"®® to®to®"’ f r “ ' " ' “ Meerburgh, John Stackhouse, -
f f i# r e 0 to ? r g to n b i r ; ; . fr“ ' fr " '” '"®' ™ ' 779.- the engraver
w "to'lfr’to r " ' i ” Î^P®®"S- and Winckl.), Petrus Poivre publishing his Voyage d’un philosophe,
r e t o r s f f i c t l t o s l l t o l f y / f f i fr'" “ ""'"fr"^ ™ > - d s , - a n d continued prefect of those islands
“ In this year ’ (Spreng.), Mich. Grubb publishing his Descript, plant, e capite bonae spei.
f n l i n ! to to tow - iim ' ’ ' •’’P®®#’ P'frlishing his Flor. Norv., enumerating /«//-
fo lium n. 1067 (Willd.), — completed “ in 1 7 7 2 ;” he died “ in 1773.”
“ In this y e a r ” (append. Sibth,, and Spreng.), Linnæus publishing his Mantissa,* enumerating
* Sagina apetala of Northern Europe. An annual described by Linnæus — (Steud.) : known to
grow in sandy .srt in Bntain (Curt. pl. 14), and France (Lam., and Pers.). By European colonists
i r e ’to to tor latolv eto'tffi'ir/to '''""’ '^fr ^'^fr ^™®'® ‘ ° P®""sylvania,
E T y a didyma of the Andes and vicinity throughout North and South America. A small
prostrate Cruciferous annual, transported to Europe, described by Linnæus mant. 92 ; — termed
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