ih!
Tulipa oculus-solis of the East Mediterranean countries. Observed by Saint-Amans naturalized
around Montpelier— (.Y. D e c.); by Gittard, seemingly wild on the hill-sides between Arcadia and
Philiatra in the Peloponnesus (Chaub.).
“ In this year ” (Winckl.), C. L. Hablizl publishing an account of the Taurian countries on the
West side of the Caspian, enumerating Scrophularia rupestris (Steud.).
“ In this y e a r ” (fl. Græc. append.), J. E. Smith publishing his Icon. Ined.*
As early perhaps as this year (see Durand in Am. phil. trans.), Michaux from Charleston making
more extended journeys West and North, as far as Illinois, Canada, Lake Mistassiny, and the
0 uthern extreme of Hudson’s Bay, meeting with Allosorus gracilis, Cheilanthes tomentosa, C. vestita
ii. 270, Asplenium thelypteroides, Sitolobium punctilobulum, Nephrodium acrostichoides, Leersia
lenticularis, l i l fa aspera, Muhlenbergia glomerata, Calamagrostis Canadensis, Oryzopsis asperifolia, 0. juncea, Aristida ramosissima, Spariina flu v ia íilis , Bouíeloua curtipendula, Diplachnefascicularis,
Graphephorum meltcoides, Diarrhena Americana, Glyceria Canadensis, Eragrostis reptans, Avenas-
trum striatum, Equisetum scirpotdes, Carex scirpoidea, polytrichoides, vulpinoidea, lagopodioides, len-
Hcularis, miliaris paupercula, triceps, flexuosa, lanuginosa, striata, strtatula, intumescens, rostrata,
subulata, oligospermaj Magnolia macrophylla, Stylophorum diphyllum, Leavenworthia uniflora,
Draba arabi sans, Hypericum dolabriforme, H. nudiflorum, H. sphaerocarpon, Alsine patula, Stellaria
púbera, Callirrhoe alcaeoides, Desmanthus brachylobus. Najas flexilis, Pinguicula acutifolia. Forestiera
ligustrina, Heteranthera acuta, Sparganium angustifolium, Oxybaphus nyctagineus i. 100, Plantago
cordata i. 94, Galium asprellum, i. 78, Spermacoce glabra i. 82, Lithospermum angustifolinm, L .
latifolium, Onosmodium Carolinianum, HydrophyÍlum appendiculatum, Phacelia bipinnatifida.
Prímula Mistassinica, Ipomoea ciliolata, Pyxidanthera barbulata, Xylosteum ciliatu jn,, X . villosum^
Ribes [Grossularia) lacustre, Gonolobus laevis, Gentiana puberula, G. acula, Erigenla bulbosa,\
Viburnum lantanoides, Cycloloma platyphyllum, Juncus marginatus, J . acuminatus, Luzula melano-
carpa, Tofleldia glutinosa. Polygonum ramosissimum, P. ienur, P. [Helxine) cilinode, Vaccinium ccespi-
íosum, Pyrola chlorantha, Pubuspistillatus, VValdsteinia fragarioides, Calomelissaglabella. Verbena
bracteosa, V. stricta, Conobea multiflda, Herpestis rotundifolia, Gerardia auriculata, Pedicularis
lanceolata, Echinocystis lobata, Petalostemum candidum, P. violaceum. Astragalus secundus, Nabalus
asper, N. racemosus. Artemisia Canadensis, A . caudata, Bellis integrifolia, Ccenoius divaricatus,
A ster uniflorus, A . sericeus, Boebera glandulosa, Actinomeris helianthoides. Coreopsis aristosa, Helianthus
mollis, Rudbeckia subtomenloya, Silphium integrifolium. Ambrosia bidentata, Listera conval-
larioides, Croton capitatum, Tragia macrocarpa. Euphorbia dentata, E. mercurlalina, S a lix candida,
Populus grandideniata ; Quercus imbricarla, macrocarpa, castanea; Dalea alopecuroides pl. 38
(Nutt.), Lycopodium lucidulum (Willd.). — After travelling more than three thousand miles
he sailed for Europe, and reached Paris “ Dec. 26th 1796.” Joining Baudin’s expedition “ in
* Ehraria panicea of Austral Africa. Known to grow wild there. Transported to Europe, i.s
descnbed by J. E. Smith i. pi. 9, and Lamarck enc. ii. p. 347 — (P e rs .); and prior to 1848 had
become naturalized around Portici (Parlat., and A. Dec.).
t Ligusticum acteaefolium of the Atlantic shore of North America. Observed by Michaux at
Tadpusac on the Lower St. Lawrence— (Hook.) ; by myself, among the sea rocks of the Northern
portion of Massachusetts Bay, the flowers greenish; termed by Nuttall “ angelica peregrina.”
Hieracium nudicaule of Canada. Allied to H. venosum, but having larger flowers and the leaves
not veined : — described by Michaux; and observecl by myself near Quebec.
Anacharis Canadensis of Northeast America. Discovered by Michaux in the waters of the St.
Lawrence, — and observed by A. Gray (probably in Western New York) in “ slow streams and ponds
common but not seen by myself in New England, its Northern limit along the Atlantic being perhaps
41° ; observed by myself as far South as 39°, by Pursh in Virginia, by Curtis in North Carolina
and Cherokee 0 hapm.) ; and Westward, by Nuttall in Arkansas. Transported to Europe, was first
observed in Bntain “ in 1842,” and has since become widely extended, multiplying by division, the
flowers being all female (A. Dec.).
Glyceria nervata of Northeast America. Discovered there by Michaux : — observed by myself
in wet ground along the Atlantic from Lat. 46° near Montreal to 39° beyond Philadelphia, by Schweinitz
at 36° in North Carolina, by Chapman in West Florida ; and by Short, in Kentucky. Tran.sported to
Europe, has become naturalized prior to “ 1853 ” at Mendon near Paris (J. Gay, and A. Dec.).
Trisetnm molle of Northeast America. Much resembling T, subspicatum : observed by Michaux
in Canada (Kunth) ; by myself, from 48° on the Lower St. Lawrence to 42° 30' near Salem ;
growing according to A. Gray on “ mountains and rocky river-banks, N. New England to Wisconsin,
and northward ; ” according to Chapman, on the “ mountains of North Carolina.”
ji>r
OF A C C O M P A N Y IN G A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S . 1045
to r 'l’r Mauritius Island; and after “ six months,” proceeded to Madagascar, where he
established a iMtanic garden at Tamatave and died at the “ end of December 1803.” His Flor. bor
am. £ s published m this year by L. C. Richard at Paris.
In this year CJ- E. Smith), Lamarck publishing his Diet, encvcl. bot.,* enumerating/’««zVk;«
a g r o sT e s , Carex crimta, C. piantaginea, C. Pennsylvanica, Coreopsis delphinifolia ii. p. 108.
Piddmgtonia nummularia oi the mountains of Eastern Asia. A creeping Lobeliad described
I d / c " ~ known to grow only in Nepal and on Java (Pers., and
B o T a a v ia paniculata of Equatorial Africa ? Received from Guinea by Bentham fl Ni»r p
0 5 - Descnbed from American specimens by Lamarck, — and Richard (Steud.), and reeard/d bv
m W f f if f ito c ffi®"®"" species. By European colonists was carried from one continent to the
Lipocarpha a r g ^ e a of Equatorial Africa and Madagascar. A Cyperaceous plant received from
rtne ga l by L am a r c £ - a n d known to grow in other parts of Equatorial Africa and in Madagascar
c f f i tod A ü f f i ) European colomsts, carried Eastwart, and to Tropical America (R. Brown
“ The same y e re ” (Brendel in Am. Nat. for 1870), in the expedition of Malaspina, Née visitin»
South America; also Mexico, where he met with Quercus circinata, magnolioefolia, microphylla,
T Z I tomentosa.\-Lzav\ng Mexico, he continued
Westward to the islands of the Pacific, until “ 1794,” Maritofffi of Mexico £ o w n to grow wild there (Pers.) ; and in this year, received at
rtricf (Cav. ic_ 1. pi. 80 and 111. pl. 265) : soon becoming a favourite flower in the gardens of Europe,
w a s t o ' 0 t o "® ® °® 7 "S to Ciot-Bey was introduced into Egypt : by European colonists also,
£ S earned to HinduMan, several varieties” observed “ in gardens” there by Graham; to Burmah,
exotic there accordmg to Mason ; and to Northeast America, where it continues under cultivation
lor ornament. “1790 A. D,” (Holmes), by census, the United States found to contain “ three million nine hun-
red twenty-nine thousand three hundred and twenty-six ” inhabitants : including “ six hundred ninety-
five thousand six hundred and fifty-five ” slaves. ^
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Ludw. Castiglione publishing an account of his travels in North
America, contaming a List of plants,
friento'" Surinam, described by G. H. Apthorp (hist. coll. i. p. 61) as “ a harmless
frmndly ret o£ e in g s , in -general short of stature, but remarkably well made, of a light copper co lo r”
(Mongolians), - straight black hair, without beards, high cheek bones, and broad shoulders ; ” both
lire" and women go naked ; ” the women wearing “ ornaments of silver, etc.,” in “ their ears noses
and hair : one tribe “ tye the lower part of tire leg of the female children, when young, with a cord
bmind very tight for the breadth of six inches about the ancle, which cord is never afterwards taken
off but to put on a new one ; by this means the flesh which should otherwise grow on that part of the
leg nicreases the calf to a great size and leaves the bone below nearly bare.” The language “ appears
to be very soft They manufacture “ a few articles, such as very fine cotton hammocks, earthen
water pots, basket# a red or yellow dye called roùcaù ( . . . . ) , and some other trifles, all which they
bring to town and erehange for such articles as they stand in need of. They paint themselves red
a r t some are curiously figured with black. Their food consists chiefly of fish, and crabs, and cassavl
of #iich they plant great quantities, and this is almost the only produce they attend to.” T h o u rt not
abrelutely wandering tribes,” their huts, ‘- merely a few cross sticks covered with branches ” t? keep
out the ram and sim are frequently abandoned “ if they see occasion, and ” they “ establish them-
NetorL/to"' fr'® Leen serviceable against tire run-away
“ In this y e a r ” (append. Sibth.), J. E. Smith commencing the “ English Botany,” the fireres by
Sowerby, — completed in “ thirty-six volumes in i8 14.” & Y
t e r e u Z c t ! 'L'’®'»'®'' publishing his Flor. des environs de Paris, enumerating Carex
foi: .■t e+i
to'.
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Virginiana of Northeast America. A sedge forming hassocks or large projectin» tufts
m marshes subject to overflow, and wounding the fingers if handled incautiously: from transported
specmen-s termed “ c. strreta ” by L am a r c k , - “ c. Virginiana” by J. E. Smith in Rees c yd -
rtserved by myself from 43° to 39° along the Atlantic ; by J. Carey, “ very common ” (A. Grav) - bP
Muhlerter# m I eimsylvania and Virginia; by Schweinitz, to 36° in North Carolina; by Elliot in
upper Carolina; and according to Torrey, grows from Canada to Georgia.
t Quercus lobaia of California. Specimens procured and described by Née.