i I
' J I III
! I
1854 B. C. ( = 1873 -(- “ 19 years ” of Manetho in Jos. c. A. i. 14, and both the Maneth. tables),
Salatis succeeded by Bn6n, now second Hyksos king of Egypt.
The title “ ra-s-sesur-te-ti ” of a king of the Fourteenth dynasty not foujid on contemporaneous
monuments,— is next in succession in the chamber of kings at Karnak.
1849 B. C. ( = 1879 — “ 30 years ” of Gen. xi. 14), Eber born to Salah.
“ 1848 B. C. = 1st year of Kao, of the H ia ” or Third dynasty— (Chinese chron.
table). ,
The title “ rakamai ” of a king of the Fifteenth dynasty, occurs in one of the excavated
chambers or tombs at Siut, as verified by myself (see also Leps. d. ii. pl.
15°)- — And a different form of apparently the same title, is next in succession in the
chamber of kings at Karnak (Leps. k. pi. 15).
The Egyptian soldiers figured in the same tomb (Champoll. pl. 349) are all on fo o t ;
and the military dress and equipments of the Twelfth dynasty at Beniliassan continue.
“ 1837 B. C. = 1st year of Fa, of the H ia ” or Third dynasty— (Chinese chron. table).
The title “ ra-meri-hem ” of a king of the Fifteenth dynasty, not found on contemporaneous
monuments, — is next in succession in the chamber of kings at Karnak.
As early perhaps as this date (Graha Munjari tables, and Bentley as. res. viii. p.
244), Danu reigning in Hindustan.
Seventy-fourth generation. Sept. ist, 1834, mostly beyond youth :
The obliterated title of a king of the Fifteenth dynasty,— is next in order of succession
in the chamber of kings at Karnak.
The Armenian prince Anouschavan, son of Ara and surnamed Sos, slain in war
against Semiramis — (Mar Apas Catina).
Populus alba of Europe and Northern Asia. Called in Britain abele or white poplar,
by Galfridus pr. pm. “ awbel” or “ ebelle,” in the medieval Latin of Lambertus Arclensis “ albellus,”
in Holland “ abeel,” in France “ aubel,” in Germany “ alber,” in Italy “ albero” or “ albera” (Prior),
in Germany “ silberpappel,” in Italy “ g a tt ic e ” or J g a t t e r o ” or “ pioppo bianco” (Lenz), in Greece
“ ISuke” (Sibth.), in Egypt “ ho u r ” (Del.), and the above Armenian surname “ s o s ” — is referred
here by writers : the “ ahirdis ” (from “ hour ” the current name in Egypt) is mentioned by Hesiod,
and Homer il. xiii. 389 to xvi. 482 ; but the word becoming obsolete, “ liu k e ” was substituted before
the days of Aristophanes nub. 1087, Nicander fragm., Dioscorides, Pausanias v. 13, and Galen, the
“ ISuke” being e.xpressly mentioned by Theophrastus as occurring in Eg yp t; P. alba was observed
by Forskal, Delile, and Clot-Bey in the gardens of Egypt ; by Sibthorp, Chaubard, and Fraas, from
the Peloponnesus and Greek islands to Constantinople, planted, and besides wild in the forest.
Westward, the “ populus a lb a ” is enumerated by Pliny xvii. 32 and xxiv. 32 as planted in Italy;
“ albaro” planks are mentioned in a chart “ A. D. 9 7 1 ” (Prior); P. alba is described by Lobel
pl. 2. 193; is termed “ p. alba majoribus fo liis ” by Tournefort inst. 592; was observed by Lenz
wild in Italy, and is known to grow throughout middle Europe as far as Britain (Pers., and
Engl. bot. pl. 1618). Eastward from the Ca.spian, is known to grow throughout Northern Asia,
being enumerated by A. Decandolle among plants extending two-thirds around the Subarctic circuit
of the Globe. By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it continues
sparingly planted in both our Northern and Southern States, but extending by suckers may have
acquired firm foothold.
The fortified city of Van in Armenia, is attributed to Semiramis (Samuel Aniens, i. 7). Also
according to other writers, various-extensive structures in the region of the Euphrates ; as the “ walls
of Babylon ; ” meaning possibly the so-called “ Median wall,” traces of which are found “ extending
from the Tigris forty miles obliquely to the Euphrates.”
1820 B. C. ( = 1782 -j- “ 38 y e a r s ” of Euseb."i. and ii., and Syncell.), accession of Ninyas or
Zames, son of Ninus and Semiramis, as Assyrian emperor. He is named also by Castor, and Diodorus
ii. I to 31.
The name of king Sebakem-f, of the Fifteenth dynasty, occurs at Konosso, at Hama-
I mat on the Kosser road (Leps. d. ii. pl. 151), and on a coffin dated in his reign (and
now in the museum at London). — His title is next in the order of succession in the
I chamber of kings at Karnak.
“ 1818 B. C. = 1st year of Kie-kouei, of the H ia ” or Third dynasty — (Chinese
chron. table).
1815 B. C. (= 1849 — “ 34 years ” of Gen. xi. 16), Peleg born to Eber. — The Plebrews appear
to have derived their name from Eb e r: the word “ p h lg ” signifies division, and to this day among
the Arabs an opposing class claim to be descendants of Peleg’s brother, Joktan.
'Ihe usual formula relating to the doctrine o f Transmigration, is inscribed (according to Birch)
on the scarabaeus of king Sebakem-f — (now in the museum at London).
A king of the Fifteenth dynasty, — is designated by his erased title next m the order
" J T r i ' c £ t o “ ™ J ' ' ™ J“- “ '■
“ °A °£,i£ - i . -F M . n „ , in .l.n .
order ot succession in the chamber of kings at Kainak. r-illpd in Britain
T ten s apiilina oi sparsely-wooded districts all over the Globe. Called in Britain
brakes ox bracken, in Sweden “ braakin” (Prior), in France ‘ fougera.e_ / « g ^ t ^ G ^-
many “ gemeiner fa rm ” (Fraas) or “ adlerfarn,” in Italy “ felce mag^ore w felce im
A J . A J perille ” (Lenz), in Greece “ ptëris ” (Sibth.), and according to Syn. Diosc. by the Lgyp-
tians “ aima ônôu ” — (^rowing in Palestine), and observed by Forskal on the mountains of Tiop c
Arabia ‘ Fmther North "the “ ptërin ” is enumerated by Epicharmus as edible ; by DioscotMcs as growing
in rocky and mountainous situations, stemless without flower or fruit, leaves .
on a stalk a cubit hio-h root longish and black, superficial, somewhat astringent, and given against tape
l o r m P. a S l a "wa’s observe"d by Forskal, Sibthorp, Chaubard. " l e s “
ous and certain open situations from the Peloponnesus to C j^ ^ J ^ a d Constantmopfo ,
,670) Farther West is frequent in the wooded portion of North America from Caimda to Arkansas
g " ; (N u „ ! a » p m „ . „ d in ,« . . Tropic.
observed bv myself in many distant parts of the Globe, its rhizoma constituting the principal tooü or
£ l e w z L ln d e r s . T h e L r e e k name is derived by Smith from the rhizoma cut across having a
branched appearance, resembling a spread-eagle ” (LiiffilJ ” or “ oetacof
T - O D i l l Arabia Farther North, the “ arnôglôssôn mikron ” as described by Dioscorides has nar-
„£ £ £ £ n « o £ £ Y 1..V 0 .) .1» « » . . g o " » y - u o « L ” ?
“ lingvne pecorum simillimis : ” P. media is termed -‘ p. latifoha incan a ” ^7 J o u n J o t in s t 26,
was observed by Sibthorp in pasture-land around Constantinople ; and is J j X X Pers • see P.
ations from Italy throughout middle Europe as far as Denmark (fl. Dan pl. 581, and eis. ,
'^ T 'r i b u ’ns terrestris of the Desert and its borders from the Atlantic to Hindustan and Lake
Baikal Called in Italy “ tribolo ” or “ tribolo terrestre ” (Lenz), in Greece “ tnvoli,” or by the lu r -s
“ demio dikieni ” (Sibth.), in Egypt “ kharchoum e l-n a p f r ” or by J® / J X ' J J / f . / / l i s ” is
in Tropical Arabia “ kotaba ” (Forsk.), in Egyptian “ sëroj, - (transl. Mafoi.) . J® ° ,
mentioLd in the Septuagint translation of Hosea x. 8. and in Matthew vin 16. as growing in Pales
tine: T. terrestris was observed by Delile in both Lower and Upper E g 0 t , ^ / J q . .
Tronical Arabia by Denham in Nigritia, and was received by A. Richard from Sene,,al mid Ab)
sinia Northwa’rd and Westward from Egypt, the “ trivolds” is mentioned by 0 is_top«nes lys.
bv Theophrastus vi s as having “ ërëvinthos’’-like leaves; the “ tnvolos hërsaios by D.os-
ro rile s as growing about houses and along rivers; the “ tribulus ” f®” ' '' J / '
weed in .Taldens by Pliny xviii.-44 to xxii. 12 ; T terrestris is descnbed by Lobel 0 . 84, and Mor ron
ii pl 8 -"is termed “ t. terrestris ciceris folio seminum integumento aculeato by Tournefort mst.
266 wis observed by Desfontaines in Barbary: by Lenz in Italy; by Sibfoorp. Chaubard a «
Iraa s, frequent in w.aste and cultivated ground from the 01oponnesus 0 . 0 0 / X ® 0 ® X e Baikal
to grow in Southern Russia and from Caucasus along the border of Siberia as j s X Ba.ka
(I edeb ) ■ was received by Fischer from Thibet ; and was observed by myself, indigenous on the
Deccan. In Austral Africa, may have arrived without European intervention ; but clearly by European
colonists was carried to the Mauritius Islands (Drège, Boj., and A. Dec.).
Croton {Crozophora) tinctorium of the Northern border of the Desert from X 0 / / J j
Called in France «ourne sol ” (Pers.), in Greece “ sklarohorto ” or “ agr.ophasouha (•’ 0^^.) or
l/m io p h a sk ia ” (Sibth.), in Egypt “ ghobbeyreh ” (De l.), in which we recognize the Egyptian
“ « u p ë l - identified with “ cupressus he rba ” in lex. Oxf. p. 80: C. t.nctor.unrovas observed by
Forskal and Delile, around Cairo; and according to Clot-Bey 11. 38,01 is made from its seeds.
F « h e r ’ lo r th , is discribed by Gesner, Lobel. and Camerarius ; is termed “ r.cmoides ex qua paia-
13