OT,)igï,’
i
ta 4 îi
Minervius_ B urdiplensis, Victorinus, Donatus, Alcimus, Delphidius, and Mamertinus the youn»er- the Christian Latin writer Gregorius Boeticus. » ’
“ year ” (Clint.), date of an inscription on the “ thermae ” or “ baths ” of Constantine
at Rome : where also, the temple of Concordia was rebuilt with increased costliness and endowments
Ihe Sarmatae, expelled by servile insurrection, received by Cons’tantine, and “ more than three hundred
thousand ’ distributed throughout “ Thrace, Scythia, Macedonia, and Italy.”
“ 335 A. D .” (C hnt), of the provinces, Gaul governed by Constantine the youno-er • the East
by Constantius ; Pontus, by Hannibalianus ; Illyria, Italy, and Africa, by Constans ; w hile’the Gothic
frontier was guarded by Dalitiatius. Coins of Dalmatius, and of Hannibalianus, are extant
sal.n. fty a church salein, m the Chromcon Paschale called “ tou agiou staurou” of the holy Cross. Ad esdyincoadte do fa At rJlearnusalso
held ,n this year at Jerusalem (Theodoret, and Clint.). By Constantine also, the edict against
«toto to enter the city “ once a-year, to wail over the desolation
the holy and beautiful house in which their fathers worshipped G od” (Kitt. cycl. bibb).
treatmein^ Clint.), at Carthage, a law i*ssued to protect Jews from mal-
Basiii7 *^ Marcellus deposed, and succeeded as bishop of Ancyra by
and / ’coilr'“ ''' «"rty-second bishop of Rome - referred to this year by Alsted,
hhooldldinwg o'lfTfic"e “or7 ttakeing” part in ftthf’e Tadm inist7ra8ti)o, nb yo fa gsoyvneordn maet nCt. arthage, the clergy prohibited from
p n b aim ed bodies or mumunes of “ the time of C onstantine,”— and some perhaps “ a century
K'roh. So late even as the visit of Baumgarten i. 16 (Churchill coU.), the
o - r / f / l f™ fiesyibed as not burying their dead ; “ but having anointed and embalmed them wiih a
pose on tthh e t7op s / of ft th7eir 7 h"o"u ses ; an™d fvt“a"lu"®e" " th°®e m* s e‘lfvt®e s° ftm®"ig "h‘ftti' ly' ,” if they c“ant o s'h’"e"wb st hbaut itlth eoyn hpaurre
accommodated their dead friends within their houses.”
rdeleclcalr/mn l/fhtis' i7nt”e n7tio'n® ®o°f® b«™ec-o’ ming‘ "a *C‘h•0ri s"ti‘a nN iaconmd erdeicae,i vCinogn stbaanpttinisem, infr odmai lyth eex Aperciatant iboins hoofp dEeuatshe,bius.
Christianity thus becoming the religion of the State.
the Y“o Munagye r2, 2Cyo n(sctharnotniu. sP IaIs.c, ha.n, da nCdo Cnsltinant.s)., Constantine suc• ceeded by his three son^s •• rCooonnssttaanntth.niee
bSaappoor /lni. , Yand sadvedY throuYgh thde in7ter®ce0ss’i.o'®n oMf eJsaocpoobtaums, iab,i sNhoispi boifs thbee sciietgye. d by the Persians under
P a le s t / b y Eusebius the chronologer succeeded as bishop of Caesarea in
son p / ’i ! ft'’"’’ “ 1 /®®®" ®®'»®” to Mahavams. xxxvii.), Dattatissa succeeded by his
C M g fo /? " " ''" ’ “ of C e y lo n .-I n his reign, the “ Scripture in Palee was translated into
sv n o d it An7 o?J" 7 ” 7 «“ 'tonas., and Clint.), Constantius II. attending au Arian
aanLdnr at. WWiittlh ddrralw ■i ng tt o7 R'o m'fte", “A} t h0a?ntaos®iu™s twosa sw raes cdeievpeods ebdy aJnudli uGs,r etghoirrtiyu-st haiprdp obinisthedo pb :i s—ho pw hoof iAn lethxe-
tIhlatr tZheT biZshoTp oot rRVom et ougtht tot hav eT bee n co*n°®su®lt'®ed .* ft*®'®®®** Y s by itseinnsufficiem 7 /
mr 7en the/ /7 7 / Ae re-c^o nfste"c*r"a"t."o'n (Athanas. apoh). In a Greekr e¿quTiringh otuh ema( tAo xseunmd F(Mru.- Russel p. 248), Aeizanas enumerates as under his dominion the Axomites, Homerites Raeiclan Ethi-
opians Sabeans, Zeyla, Tiamo, Boja, and Taquie, and mentions his brotlier Saiazana.
ions riie 0 V 7 7 7 7 ^ P®®to®0"tod, abolishing the ancient religw
h o / e / n Y / ’/ Y f ' ’ £ t o ‘; ) ’ "‘ Constantinople, sedition on account of the bishop, Paulus;
bbvy CCoonnstZanss, aa ndl r"e d1 uftc®e®d, ®t/o® ^s®u®e.®in®g'7 fo r‘f tp®e aAcer.i- s and Constantius II. In Gaul, theF ranci defeated
“ 343, Jan. 25th’+ c o d Theodos., and Clint.), Constans at Boulogne, on his way to Britain; a journey as yet untried in the winter season. He returned in June.
OF A C COM PA N Y ING A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S. 5 4 9
“ In or about this year” (Philostorg. iii., and Percev. i. i n ) , the Indian bishop Theophilus sent
by Constans to Marthad, tobba of Yemen, with the request that churches might be erected for
the Christian traders. Leave being granted, a church was built at Zhafar, the seat of government;
another at Aden, and a third in the principal seaport city on the Persian Gulf. Circumcision at this
time generally practised among the Arabs — according to Philostorgius.
“ The same y e a r = ‘ kien-youan,’ ist year of Kang-ti, of the T cin ” or Nintli dynasty— (Chinese
chron. table).
“ 344 A. D .” (in the opinion of Ideler, see Leps.), the Jewish reckoning in years of the World
established by rabbi.Hillel Hanassi. Whose computation (according to A lsted) was reduced from a
more ancient one of R. Adae. — The reckoning continues to be followed by the Jews to the present
day (see Menes).
“ 345 A. D. = ‘ young-ho,’ ist year of Mou-ti, of the T cin ” or Ninth dynasty — (Chinese chron.
table).
“ A pril” (chron. Pasch., and Clint.), at Constantinople, building of the “ thermae ” or “ baths ” of
Constantius II.
About this time, “ 343 to 347 A. D .” (Clint.), the treatise by Firmicus Maternus, addressed to
Constans and Constantius II. against the temples.
“ 346, June 6th ” (Clint.), eclipse of the sun. Immediately following the Second siege of Nisibis,
by the Persians under Sapor II. -
“ The same year” (A lst.), by a synod at Agrippina (Cologne), the bishop there, Euphratas, condemned
for denying the divinity of Christ.
“ 34S A. D .” (Clint.), remark of the historian Victor, suggested by the name “ Philippus” of one
of the consuls, that this was the Eleven hundredth anniversary of the founding of Rome, and that
there was no celebration. At Singara, Constantius II. foiled by his troops attacking the Persians in
the night.
“ The same year” (Socrat., and Clint.), Maximus deposed by the Arians, and Cyrillus appointed
bishop of Jerusalem.
Damogeron may have been at this time writing. — He is mentioned by Palladius, and Apuleius
Barbarus.
Balsamita vulgaris of the W est Mediteiranean countries. Called in Egypt “ belsam æ ” or
“ melsane,” at Constantinople “ k osta” (Forsk.), in which we recognize the garden KOCTOU of
Damogeron — (geopon. vii. 13, and xi. 27) and the “ ahlal kostha ” of Gafeki, and Ebn Baitar: B.
vulgaris was observed by Forskal in gardens at Constantinople, its leaves strewn on lettuce for
ornament; by him, and Delile, in the gardens of Egypt. Westward, the cultivation of “ costum ” is
enjoined in the capitularia of Charlemagne : B. vulgaris is termed “ tanacetum balsamita ” by Linnæus ;
and is known to grow in Italy, Switzerland, and Southern France to the base of the Pyrenees (Pers.).
“ 349» about January” (Athanas., and Clint.), by the Alexandrians, Gregorius the Arian bishop
slain. And after some months, Athanasius sent back to Alexandria by Constantius II.
“ 350 A. D .” (Id at, and Clint.), at Helena in the Pyrenees, death of Constans. Constantius II,
now sole emperor.
“ 351 A. D .” (Jul. ep. 51, and Clint.), secret determination of Julian at the age of “ twenty,” to
abandon the Christian faith in which he had been brought up.
“ In this year” (Socrat., Clint., and N icol.), a synod assembled at Sirmich by Constantius II.,
and Photinus bishop of the city condemned for denying the Trinity. He was answered by Basilius ot Ancyra.
“ 352 A. D .” (Vict., and Clint.), the Jews revolting; several cities in Judea burned, and the
revolt suppressed by Gallus Caesar.
“ 353 A. D .” (Jul., and Clint.), in Gaul, death of Magnentius, defeated for the third time by
Constantius II. Coins of Magnentius are extant.
Ajuga chamoepithys of Caucasus' and the Talysch mountains. Called in Britain yellow bugle or
ground pine ov field cypress or till the beginning of the present oevitiwy forget-uie-not (Prior); in
which we recognize the “ chamae cypri ” of the Cosmian Antidote — mentioned by Marcellus 29 :
A. chamæpthys is described by Tragus f. 30 (Spreng.), Lobel, Dalechamp, and was already in
Britain in the days of Lyte, and Gerarde (Prior) ; is termed “ c. lutea vulgaris sive folio trifido ” by
Tournefort inst. 208; was observed by Scopoli in Carniolia (Steud.) ; and is known to occur in stony
cultivated and fallow ground in Italy, Spain, France, and as far as Denmark (fl. Dan. pl. 738, Pers.,
and A. D ec.). Eastward, is known to grow on Caucasus and the Talysch mountains both in culti?
vated ground and wild situations (Bieb., and C. A. Mey.) ; but notwithstanding Sibthorp’s statement
^em s unknown in Greece, as well as in European Turkey, Sicily, and Algeria (Griseb., Reut. and
Marg., Guss., Munby, and A. D ec.). By European colonists, was carried to Virginia, observed there
by Clayton, but has since disappeared (A. Gray. See A- Chia, and Veronica chamædrys).
t«
Í
G