emperor Yu — (Chinese auth.). The next emperor but one, Tai-kang, is accused in the “ Elegy of
the five so n s ” of being too fond of this fermented liquor (Chou-king ii. 3, and Pauth. p. 55) ; “ wine
from wheat,” and “ from rice,” are both mentioned in the Chou-king. Spirituous liquors are mentioned
in the Institutes of Menu (Deslongchamps version) ; “ wine from rice instead of b a rle y” was
seen in Hindustan by Megasthenes (Strab. xv. 153) ; and the ardent spirit from rice was found by
Jean Carpin, Rubruquis, and Marco Polo, in use in Central Asia ; and by Borri, in Cochinchina. An
intoiicating “ vin de zucar ” manufactured in Hindustan, is further described by Marco Polo 180.
From the first invention in China, some three thousand years elapsed before alcoholic distillation
became known in Europe.
The Hong-fan, a treatise on moral and political philosophy, science, and religion, is attributed to
the reign of Yu — (Chou-king iv. 4. 3).
Divination with the herb “ c h i” practised by the emperor Yu (Chou-king i. 3. 18); mentioned
also in the Hong-fan.
“ 2204 B. C .” (Graha Munjari tables), beginning of the Treta Yug or Silver Age among the
Hindus, and (according to Bentley as. res. viii. p. 226) of Hindu history. Atri, the great grandfather
of king Pururava, not earlier therefore than this date.*
Chomasbelus son of Euechous, reigning at Babylon — (Berosus in Alex. Polyhist., and Euseb.).
Sixty-third generation. Jan. ist, 2200, mostly beyond youth :
The same year (=: 1976 J- “ 224 years ” of Berosus in Alex. Polyhist., and Euseb. i. 4. p. 18),
Babylon captured by the Medes under Zoroaster; and the accession there of the Median dynasty : —
a succession of “ 8,” or perhaps “ 8 -j- i i , ” Median kings of Babylon.
Zoroaster, founder of Median power though a Bactrian king, is identified (by Berosus in Mos.
Choren. i. 5) with th e - “ Zerovanus ” who lived after the Deluge of Xisuthris. Zoroaster is also
termed a Bactrian by Clemens Alexandrinus, Arnobius, Justinus i. 1, and Ammianus Marcellinus ;
and is spoken of as the first who “ discovered the magic arts, and diligently investigated the principles
of the universe and motions of the stars.” (See below, Ninus)
“ 2197 B. C. = 1st year of Ki, of the H ia ” or Third dynasty (Chinese chron. table), and a son
of Y'u ; — the succession from this time hereditary, confined to a selection among the king’s sons
(Pauth. 54 and 60).
A “ black granite ” fragment of a colossal statue of king Sesurtesen — is now in the museum at
Berlin.
His portrait occurs on a stela, or stone slab, recording the conquest of Nubian and Lybian Tribes.
This stela was discovered at the Second cataract of the Nile, near the sanctuary of a temple built
by him. In accordance also with his father’s plans, Sesurtesen founded or continued the temple at
Karnak in Thebes.
By another marked change in monumental history, obelisks now make their appearance : as far
as known first erected by Sesurtesen ; one of granite proper (and therefore brought from some
unknown quarter) at Heliopolis ; another, at Crocodilopolis in the Faium. — From this time, obelisks,
bearing apparently dedicatory inscriptions, are placed in front of temples ; but occur only in the royal
or dynastic cities, those sometimes designated by their tutelar deities : as Memphis by Pthah or Vul-
* Sapindus rubiginosus of Tropical Hindustan. A tree called in Burmah “ hseik-khym ”
natives.”
Elceagnus confería of the mountains of Hindustan and the Siamese countries. A large scandent
shrub called in the environs of Bombay “ amgool ” or “ amgoolee ” (Graham), in Burmah “ men-gu ”
(Mason), in Tagalo “ alingaro” (Blanco), and from early times affording sustenance to man in its
fruit of “ an agreeable acid flavour : ” — observed by Nimmo common “ all along the Ghauts, Southern
Concan and about Cochin ; ” by Roxburgh i. 440 in other parts of Hindustan ; and by Flermann
(Burm. pl. 39) on Ceylon. Farther East, by Mason v. 450 indigenous in Burmah, cultivated besides
by the natives for its edible plum-like f ru it ; by Loureiro ii. p. 528 in Cochinchina ; and by Blanco,
along roadsides on the Philippines.
Antidesma paniculata of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A small tree called in Burmah
“ kyet-tha-hen ” (Mason), and from early times affording sustenance to man in its fru it:— observed
by Nimmo in the “ Southern Concan ” (Graham), and by Roxburgh iii. 770 in other parts of Hindustan.
Farther East, by Mason v. 458, indigenous and frequent “ in the neighborhood of Toungoo ”
in Burmah, bearing “ a red sour fruit.”
J s : t s :
possessed obelisks. , • ^ dynasty - (Chinese chron. table)
P . ,j8 8 B. C. = is t 0 a r of 0 0 / 0 0 ^ „ ¡ jita ry officer whose tomb
2168 B, C. ( = “ H d y e a r o f Sesurte^n, Bi £ supporting the entrance t - supposed
to the “ J ? / S d l d y n a s t y , an astro-
Figeac anc. Eg. p. • • )■ „ distineuished by its hump, is figured in one of the
The Indian bullock (Rosellin ‘'J 'J . A Twentieth dynasties is always in a distant
tombs at Benihassan ; — and under the ¿rawin-z cars (as to the present day in Hmdustan .
country invaded by the Egyptians, ^ e d (transl. Stev.), Institutes of Menu (transl
domestic cattle. (See Socotra). exclusively directed Southward, the above figure
As the military expeditions oi , - g d around the entrance to the Red S e a .- -
seems to imply that H i n d u merchants ‘ { dynasties, clearly directed Eastward, the h um p «
S o '4 “ " i win’« . “ ■ «■
2164 B. C. ( = 2210— ^ Twelfth dynasty.
_ 105 .. = ,,6 5 ) , accession ot “maneth, tables; the Turin
“ Thirty-eight” years are ‘'S s 'S " / j,; Amunemhat II. occurs in
i B E 3 K 2 3 a » .» d 0« 0 . 1 » “ » « “ - ' " r
In 1. » ttoe». 1- 11» U » " '» ' f J - c h o U t o - U « » h ” > ” » 4 « d j n i t y (Chinese chron B ble ).
“ 2.55 B- C.” u J o k p i l e ‘ (according to the Chou-king) in “ the first
the sun, historically recorded in Chin . J j death for not having predicted it,
yenns g r f g f f f f X f f f Z Z U . ' » on. o U h . .ornbs . . B en ih s .s ..., Kh .o.n-
‘' « i i r s 3 3 ' , f . 7 'o r 2 n i J “ ■'>' *
“ son IL ,” in the tomb of Khnumhetp at Benihassan, mining
' ‘’■y-n'menced at Lrabit-el-Khadim in the Sinai peninsula - (Birch).
^ p ‘ - t / 0 . 34. 0 3 J ? r J n l l m e n t s - (C. Mull. fr. Man. p. 562).
The same year = “ roarT”' l I T r i e t l tibles, the 44‘ h' year of
A l l m l i l i l l - W M a J i m l 0 2 0 0 A — ^ e S l y S :
K — king Sesurtesen II. orours m one J g J / d e r of siccession in the tabcontemporaneous
monuments (Leps. k. pl. 12) ; - a n d is next
let at Abydos.______________________________________
B c ( = .6.3 y. 0 « 0« “ s. I 1-'” " »• » J“ - >=■
o. s body o, . « I . » » » » j f f ; ; . n j r . i = 2
2 “ !'?“ '. “ S Í 2 S e J ” 1 .Ire'»-/.(» ..= » . n e d - cspb,.. ” (. p o » . o!