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998 CH R O N O LO G IC A L A R R A N G EM E N T
“ In this y e a r ” (Spreng.), Caspar Commelyn publishing his Praelud. botan., enumerating
Phylica cordata 12, P . pubescens 13 ; Diosma oppositifolia, rubra, and hirsuta 1-3 ; Asclepias imdu-
lata, and crispa 16-17 i A F e arachnoïdes, rhodacantha, brevifolia, Apicra viscosa, spiralis, tricolor,
imbricata, and patula 20-32 ; Agave vivipara 15 ; Euphorbia mamillaris, Commelyni, and clava, 7-9;
Pelargonium pinnatum, peltatum, and acetosum 2-4.
Pelargonium zonale of Austral Africa. Described by C. Commelyn prael. i — (Spreng.), and
“ in 1710” introduced into England (A it .); figured by Cavanilles iv. pl. gS ; frequent in gardens,
and from the black band around the centre of the leaf, a white margin being sometimes substituted,
called in French “ geranier à bandes ” banded geranium ; enumerated by Ciot-Bey as recently introduced
into the gardens of Egypt.
Aloe Commelyni of Austral Africa. Transported to Europe is described by C. Commelyn
prael. 24 (Spreng.). In Austral Africa, said to be collected with A- arborescens andfe. niitraeformis
for preparing Cape aloes— (Lin d i).
Aloe spicata of Austral Africa. Growing in the Interior, and the principal source of Cape aloes,
— according to Thunberg diss. 2 (Pers., and Lindi.).
“ In this y e a r ” (Fontenelle eloge, and Spreng.), Tournefort publishing his Corollarium inst. r. h.,
enumerating Convolvuhis lanatus p. 2, Phyteuma limonifolia 4, Campanula heterophylla 4, C. collina
4, C. Ruthenica 5, Galium capillare 5, G. coronatum 5, Hyoscyamus Orientalis 6, Primula longifo
lia 6; Asperula lutea, incana, and nitida 6 ; Crucianella glomerata 6; Valeriana macrophylla,
cardamines, and caespitosa 7 ; Anchusa parviflora, rosea, and lutea 7 ; Onosma erecta, Orientalis,
and sericea 7-8 ; Symphytum Tauricum 8, Plumbago lapalhifolia 8, Lysimachia anagalloides 8,
Veronica amoena 8, Ve?'bascum auriculatum 9, V, plicatum 9; Scrophularia bicolor, and tninima 10;
Euphrasia glutinosa 10, Orobanche arenaria I I , Phlomis lunarifolia I I ; Salvia crassifolia, and
argetitea 11 ; Dentaria quinquefolia 17, Paris incompleta 18, Arenaria holostea iS, Cerastium macran-
thum 20, Potentilla bifurca 22, Am m i acaule 22, Tragium peregrinum 22, Astrantia heterophylla
23, Smyrnium apiifolium 23 ; Heracleum Pyrenaicum, and apsynthifolium 23 ; Sium Graecttm,
Ferula meoides; Cachrys microcarpa j Scandix grandiflora j Eryngium multifidum, and p a rviflorum.
Lythrum virgatum of Eastern Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Termed “ salicaria
orientalis salicis folio acutissimo et glabro ” by Tournefort cor. 18 ; — observed by Sibthorp in the
environs of Constantinople ; by Jacquin pl. 7, in Austria; by Pallas trav. i. 52, along the Volga ; and
is known to grow in Tartary and Siberia (Pers.).
Rhagadiolus Koelpinia of the East Mediterranean countries. An annual termed “ rh. creticus
minor capsulis echinatis” by Tournefort cor. 36 ; — observed by Sibthorp on Cyprus ; by Pallas v.
340 to 511, on mount Bogdo-Oola on the Lower Volga.
Symphytum aiperritnum of the Tauro-Caspian countries. Observed and distinguished by Tournefort
cor. 8— (Spreng.), and Bieberstein. In Britain, has made its appearance in three separate localities
(Wats. cyb. ii. 279 to iii. 486), with some prospect of becoming naturalizecl (see A. Dec.).
Asphodelus Crelicus of the mountains of Crete and the Peloponnesus. Termed “ a. creticus
luteus serotinus patulus folio aspero” by Tournefort cor. 25 ; — observed by Sibthorp on the loftier
mountains of Crete, by Chaubard in the upper region of Taygetus.
A selection of plants from Tournefort's herbarium, figured by Aubriet and described in the
C oroll (has been published by Desfontaines), containing Ophrys mammosa, iricolor, villosa, umbili-
cata, and densiflora ann. mus. x. pl. 11-16 ; Aristolochia Crética, and lutea 18-19 ; Phelypaea Pourne-
fo r tiÍ2 \ , Teucrium microphylluni 22, Nepeta melissaefolia 23, Sideritis rosea 24, Stachys spinulosa
25, Dracocephalum lamiifoHum 26, Heliotropium villosum 33 ; Cynoglossum glastifolium, stamineum,
and lanatum 35-7 ; Linaria grandiflora, and corifolia x l 2-3 ; Verbascum betonicaefolium 4, Phyteuma
lanceolata 5 ; Campanula ptarmicifolia, pauciflora, calaminthifolia, stricta, parviflora, corymbosa,
pelviformis,aaA tubulosa 6 - i j -, Lactuca Cretica 19, Tanacetum incanum 21, Anacycbis Crelicus
22, Inula conyzoides 23, Scabiosa micranlha 25, Valeriana sisymbriifolia 30, Ranunculus grandiflorus
31, Papaver floribiindum 33, Hesperis pinnatifida 34 ; Alyssum densiflorum, samolifolinm, and paui-
culatum 35-7, Draba Pontica 38, Thlaspi cordatum 39, Hypericum ciliatum 39, Ruta parviflora 42,
Silene spergulaefolia 43, Lychnis variegata 44, Cotyledon parviflora 42, Crassula crenata 46, Pyrus
parviflora xii. 4, Crataegus Crética 5, Rubus sanctus 6, Lathyrus purpureus 7, Orobus laxifloriis 8,
O. croceus 9, Vida variegata 12, Hedysarum radiatum 13, Euphorbia biglandiilosa 14, E . deniicu-
lata 15, and E. valerianaefolia 16.
Speculariapentagoida of . . . . Described by Tournefort cor. — (ann. mus. xi. pl. 18, Spreng.);
termed “ campanula minor arvensis seu viola pentagonia” by Forskal, as observecl near Marseille.s,
observed there also by Kralik (Godron, and A. Dec.) ; described by Linnæus, ancl L ’Herilier, as
received from Thrace (Pers.). Attributed by A. Decandolle to America, but seems unknown in at
least North America.
OF A C C O M P A N Y IN G A N IM A L S A N D P L A N T S . 9 9 9
“ 1704, Feb. 29th, about two hours before d a y ” (Williams, Hutch., ancl Holmes), Deerfield in
Massachusetts surprised by three hundred French and aboriginals under Hertel de Rouville. The
town was burned, “ forty-seven ” of the inhabitants were slain, and “ about one hundred” were carried
captive to Quebec.
“ July 24th ” (Blair), Gibraltar captured by the English under admiral Rook.
“ In this y e a r ” (Winckl.), Bosmann publishing his account of Guinea.
“ In this year ” (W in ck l) , after his Stirp cnr. extra britan. “ in 1694,” Ray publishing the Third
volume of his Hist, plant., enumerating Cineraria amelloides suppl. 158, Gazania rigens s. 182,
Othonna cheirifolia s. 167. — He died “ in 1705.”
“ 1705 A. D.” (Talvi ii. i), at St. Petersburg, through the influence of Peter the Great, printing
of the first Russian newspaper. Rus.sian was also made the language of public business and of the
courts of justice: and the emperor further modified the form of certain Slavonic letters. — Which
modifications continue in use in Russia to tlie present day.
“ December ” (Pauth. 445), in the dispute between the Jesuit and Dominican missionaries on tlie
translation of certain Chinese words, Khang-hi having decided in favour of the Jesuits, and the pope
in favour of the Dominicans, the arrival of a legate at Pekin, To adjust the differences. — In the
following year, an edict by Kliang-hi, Excluding European missionaries from China, without a license ;
procurable only by approving the doctrine of Confucius.
“ In this year ” (Spreng., and W inck l), Plukenet publishing his Amaltheum, enumerating in this
or his previous works Linociera compacta pl. 224. f. 2, L. cotinifolia 241-14, Veronica Virginica 70. 2,
V. tenella 233. 4, Gratiola hyssopioides 193. i, Elytraria crenata 438. t, Justicia stricta 279. '7, J . pedun-
culosa 423. 5, J . hyssopifolia 280. i, Stachytarpha prismatica 321. i, X. orubica 327. 7, Tamonea spinosa
234. 4, Cumla Manana 344. i, Blephilia cihata 164. 3, Monarda punctata 24. i, Salvia Canariensis
301. 2, Boerhaavia hirsuta 113. 7, B . scandens 226. 7, Fraxinus lentiscifolia 182. 4, Gunnera perpensa
18. 2, Ixta corymbosa 275. i, /. erecta 310. i, Glaaioliisgaleatus 224. 8, Aristea cyanea 299. 5, Commelyna
Virginica 174. 4, C. Bengalensis, C. nudiflora 27. 4, Ficus peduncutata 178. 4. Dulichium spathaceum
301. I, Scirpus minimus 300. 3, S. mucronatus 40. 3, S. pungens 40. i, Fimbristylis dichotoma 119. 3, Ma-
chaerina restioides 192. 5, Cyperus arenarius 300. 7, C. tenellus 300. 4. 5, C. polystachyos 416. 6, C. irla
ig i. 7, C. pumilus 191. 8, C. squarrosus 397. 2, Mariscus ovularis 91. 4, M. retrofractus 415. 4,
M.paniceus 91. 3, Fuirena glomerata 417. 6, Panicum brizoides 191. 5. i, Eragrostis tenella 300. 2,
Festuca bromoides 33. 10, F. capillata 190. 2, Paspalum dissectum 350. 2, Alopecurus Indicus 92. 5,
Uniola paniculata 32. 6, Dactylis spicata 190. 6, Aristida hystrix ig i. 3, Andropogon arundinaceus
32. I, Heteropogon contortus 191. 5, Chloris petraea 245. i, Triticum Polonicum 231. 6, Eriocaulon
quinquanguläre 221. 7, Mollugo oppositifolia 75. 6, M. stricta 256. 2 ; Protea cyanoides, serraria, cono-
carpa, argentea, hypophylla, cuculiata, and saligna 200. 2 to 440. 3 ; Globularia bisnagarica 58. 5,
Cephalanthus Occidentalis 77. 4, Spermacoce fenuior 136. 4, Mitc/iella repens 444. 2, Callicarpa Americana
136. 3, Penaea sarcocolla 446. 6, Buddleia Occidentalis 210. i, Sebaea aurea 275. 3, X. cordala
275. 4, Cissus quadrangularis 210. 6, C. acida 152. 2, Fagara tragodes 107. 4, Ludwigia alternifolia
412. I, Ammania baccifera 136. 2, Cometes alterniflora 3S0. 4, Tournefortia gnaphalodes 193. 5, T.
volubilis 235, 6, Dodccathcoii integrifolium 79. 6, Lysimachia stricta 428. 4, Gouania Domingensis
201. 6, Ipomaea sagittata 85. 3, /. tuberosa 267. 6; Convolvulus tenellus, tomentosus, viiifolius, and
quinquefoliits 25. 3 to 167. 6 ; Denteila repens 356. 5, Triosteum angustifolium 104. 2, Physalis Curassavica
III. 5, Solanum mammosum 226. i, X, Virginianum 62. 3, Cestrum laurifolium 95, i, C. noc-
turnum 64. 3, Cordia collococca 158. i, Varronia lineata 328. 5, V. salvifolia 221. 3, Zizyphus lineaius
122. 4, fe. napeca 216. 6; Phylica plumosa, and acerosa 342, i to 445. i ; Corymbium glabrum 272. 4,
C. scabrum 272. 5, Ceanothus intermedius 28. 6, C. Africanus 126. I, Celastrus lucidus 80. 4, C. bul-
latus 28. 5, C. pyracanthus 126. 2 ; Diosma cupressina, ericoides, pubescens, and cistoides 279, 2 to
411. 3 ; Brunia lanuginosa 31 S. 4, Celosia Mousoniae 357. 4, C. nodlflora 133.2, Achyranthusbrachiata
334. 2, Desmochaeta micranlha 82, Comandra umbellata 342. 4, Randia latifolia 97. 6, Amsonia latifo
lia 115. 3, Cynanchum pilosum 359. 2, Asclepias pubescens 139. t, A . verticillata 336. 4, Microloma
lineare 335. I, Gentiana ochroleuca 1S6. i, Eryngium Virginicum 396. 3, Trachymcne incisa 454. 6,
Agasyllis galbanum 12. 2, Rhus villosa 219. 8, R. angustifolia 219. 6, Viburnum prunifoliiim 46. 2,
Pharnaceum glomeratiim 331. 3, P. albens 304. 4, P. distichum 130. 6, Saroihra gcntianoides 342. 2,
Statice difliisa 42. 5, Drosophyllum Lusitanicum 117. 2, Crassula flava 314. 2, C. gentianoides 415. 6,
Mahernia verlicillata 344, 4, Bromelia pinguiu 258. 4, Asparagus retrofractus 375, 3, A . Asiaticus
15. 4, A . Capensis 78. 3. A letris farinosa 437. 2, Juncus nodosus 92. 9, Melanthium Virginicum 434.
8, Trillium sessile i n . 6, Xerophyllum setifolium 342. 3, Disandra prostrata 257. 5, Sepias Capensis
340. 4, Osbeckia Zeylanica 173. 4, Oenothera sinuata 203. 3, Gaura biennis 428. 2, Dodonaea viscosa
447. 5, Valentinia ilicifolia 196. 3; Erica planifolia, bruniades, apsynthioides,gnaphalodes, and Pluke-
netii 344. 2 lo 347. 6; Gnidia oppositifolia 323. 7, Polygonum tomentjsnm 210. 7, P . perfoliatum
398. I, Coccoloba pubescens 222, 8, C. punctata 237. 4, Serjana triternata i 58. 5, Sapindus rigidus
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