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by C. Bauhin pin. 205, and Tonrnefort inst. 337, and known to grow from Sweden tliroiigbout middle
Europe (fl. Dan. pl. 1032, Engl, bot. pl. 788, and Pers.) ; observed by Linnæus ornamenting hills and
waysides in Sweden ; by Sibthorp, in woods on mount Hæmus.
Hippocrepis comosa oi Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain horseskoe
vetch or unshoe-the-horse, and in Italy “ sferra-cavallo,” from its horseshoe-shaped legumes supposed
on the doctrine of signatures to have that power —(Prior) : H. comosa is described by Tabernæmontanus
ii. p. 230, and Columna ecphr. i. pl. 301 ; is termed “ ferrum equinum germanicum sihquis m
summitate ” by Tournefort inst. 400 ; was observed by Garidel pl. 34 at Aix ; and is known to grow
throughout middle Europe as far as Britain (Lara. fl. fr., Pers., and Engl. bot. pl. 31). Eastward, was
observed by Sibthorp on mount Athos.
Myosotis scorpioides of Northern Europe and Asia. Called in Britain scorpion-grass, — aod only
by this name in the days of Lyte, its current name “ forget-me-not” having been transferred subsequently
to 1821 (Prior) ; M. scorpioides is termed “ lithospermum palustre minus flore cæruleo” by
Tournefort inst. 137 ; and is known to grow throughout middle and Northern Europe as far as Sweden
and Iceland (fl. Dan pl. 583, Roth germ., Pers., Hook., and Wats.). Eastward, was observed by
Sibthorp along alpine rills in Greece ; and is known to grow on Caucasus (Bieb./
Asùeru/a cynanchica of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain squinancy
and in'prance “ esquinancie,” from its efficacy in quinsy — (Prior) : A. cynanchica is described by
Caesalpinus vi. 46 (Spreng.); is termed “ rubeola vulgaris quadrifolia lævis floribus purpurascentibus”
by Tournefort inst. 130 ; was observed bv Forskal near Marseilles ; and is known to grow throughout
middle Europe as far as Britain (Lam. fl. fr., Pers., ancl Engl. bot. pl. 33)- Eastward, was observed
by Sibthorp near Smyrna and Constantinople.
Cystopteris fragilis of Subarctic climates. Called in Britain bladder fern (Prior), and known
from early times:—termed “ filix pumila saxatilis secunda” by Clusius pan. 706, known to grow
throughout Northern Europe (Pluk. phyt. pi. 180, and Engl. bot. pl 1587) as far even as North Cajre,
and in Siberia (Hook.) : observed by Linnæus in dry stony places in Lapland and Sweden ; by Sibthorp,
on mount Athos and the Bithynian Olympus. Westward, grows according to Hooker in Greenland
throu»hoiit Canada to Slave lake and the Rocky mountains or from 64° to 54°, also in Virginia ;
acco’rding to A. Gray, on “ shaded cliffs, common ” in central New York, and “ very variable ; ” accordin
» to Chapman, on “ moist rocks on the mountains of North Carolina.”
° “ In this year” (Alst. p. 309 and 424, and Wilk. theb. and eg. p. ), Granada captured by king
Ferdinand, and the Moors or Muslims compelled either to leave Spain or embrace Christianity. The
Jews were at the same time banished, — so many resorting to Palestine, that Spanish became the Jews’
language there, and has so continued to the present day: a circumstance that in the absence of historical
record might have proved inexplicable.
Vella annua of the Mediterranean countries. Perhaps indigenous on the Mediterranean border
of E»ypt ; — where it was observed by Delile, growing spontaneously. Observed also by Sibthorp in
Greeoe, hut the locality not given. Westward, as observed by Clusius in Spain, is termed by him
“ nasturtium sylvestre 'valentinum ; ” is generally regarded as a Spanish plant (Trew pl. 10, Lam. ill.
pl. 555, and Pers.), but has been found growing in England (Engl. bot. pl. 1442).
Hesperis raifiosissinia of the Northern border of the Desert. Indigenous in Egypt, —where it
was observed by Delile around the pyramids at Sakara. Farther North, observed by Gittard on the
coast of the Peloponnesus (Chaub.); and Westward, by Desfontaines ii. pl. 161 in the maritime sands
of Algeria. „ , , Raphanus lyratus of the East Mediterranean countries. Indigenous m Egypt and calleci there
“ rechad el-bar,” wild cress :—observed by Lippi, Forskal, and Delile, in both Upper and Lower
E»ypt »rowing on the river-flat. Farther North, observed by Labillardiere in Syria; received from
cíete by C. Bauhin prodr. 30, and Tournefort cor. 17 ; and observed by Bory in Southern Greece.
Althæa Ludw igii of “ Sicily.” Known in Egypt as early perhaps as this date ; — observed there
by Delile, in cultivated ground near Bubastis; and Westward, said to grow in Sicily (Linn., Cav. ii.
pl. 30 and V . pl. 423, and Pers.).
Sida spinosa of Equatorial Africa. Known in Egypt as early probably as this date ; — observecl
there by Forskal, and Delile, as far North as Cairo, but no native names are given : from transported
specimens, described by Commelyn hort. i. pl. 2. Southward, known to grow in Yemen, Abyssinia,
Sene»ambia, the Cape Verd Islands, and Southeastern Africa (Pers., A. Rich., Guill., and E. Mey.).
Eastward, has no Sanscrit name, but was observed in Hindustan by Roxburgh, and Wight (Pidd.,
and A. Dec.). By European colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands (Bojer) ; and to onr Micldle
and Southern States, where it occurs in waste ground from Philadelphia to florida and Arkansas
(Torr. and A. Gray). , 1 n • Sida mutica of Equatorial Africa. Called in Nubia “ gergydan ; ’’ — and observed by Delile m
Upper Egypt, as well as in gardens at Rosetta.
Ml
Cissus rotundifolia of the mountains of Yemen. Calleci in Egypt “ oudneh roumy;” — and
nbserved there in gardens by Delile. Farther South, observed by Forskal p_. 35 among the mounlains
of Yemen, frequent and called “ hælæs” or “ halka,” the leaves cooked and eaten though very
sour.
Psoralea Palcestina of Syria. Known in Egypt as early perhaps as this date ; — observed there
in a garden at Cairo by Delile ; and known to grow wild in Palestine (Linn., Jacq. hort. ii. pl. 184,
Pall., and Pers.).
Potentilla supina of middle Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Known in Egypt as early
probably as this date ; —but introduced and only naturalized on the river-flat and islets of the Nile
near Cairo, where it was observed by Forskal, and Delile. Farther North, observed by Sibthorp on
the Bithynian Olympus ; and known to grow in Siberia (Pers,). Westward, termed “ pentaphylloides
supinum” by Tournefort inst. 298; known to grow in Austria, Germany, and France (Crantz, Lam.
fl. fr.. and Pers.) ; and from transported specimens described by Plukenet phyt. pl. 106.
Kalanchoe Aegyptiaca of the mountains of Yemen. Called in Egypt “ ouedneh — and observed
there in gardens by Forskal, Delile, and Ciot-Bey. Farther South, observed by Forskal p. 89 in its
wild state on mount Melhan In Yemen, and called there “ odejn.” From transported specimens,
described by Plukenet aim. pl. 228. Scabiosa proliféra of the Mediterranean countries. Called in Cyprus “ sitôtliôri ; ” — obsercæd
there in cultivated ground by Sibthorp ; and received from Egypt by Willdenow. Westward, described
by Hermann parad. pl. 125 ; termed “ s. stellata annua proliféra ” by Tournefort inst. 465 ; and known
to grow in Barbary (Pers.).
Teucrium marum of Southern Europe. — Described by Matthiol! comm. p. 537, Bauhin iii. 243,
and Ludwig ect, pl. 14 ; and observed byClusius in Spain. Eastward, observed by Gittard in Southern
Greece, on mountains at Armyros (Chaub.) ; and according to Ciot-Bey, recently introduced from
the French gardens into Egypt.
Celsia Orientalis of the East Mediterranean countries. — From transported specimens, described
by Zanoni 34 (Spreng.), and Linnæus; termecl “ verbascum orientale sophiæ folio” by Tournefort
cor. 8. In its wild state, observed by Sibthorp pl. 605, and Chaubard, in Southern Greece and on the
Greek islands; and known to grow in Cappadocia and Armenia (Lam. ill. pl. 532, and Pers.).
Celosia margaritacea of Hindustan and Burmah. Called in Japan “ goofits” or “ ino kadfits ”
(Thunb.), in Tagalo “ candayohan ” or “ quindayohan ” (Blanco), and known in Egypt as early probably
as this date; — observed there by Delile, growing spontaneously around Cairo; and farther
North,-known in the gardens of Europe as early at least as the days of Tragus f. 219. Southward
from Egypt, observed by Forskal under cultivation in Yemen. Eastward, observed in Hindustan by
Rheede x. pl. 38 and 39, Burmann ind. pl. 25, Ro.xburgh, by Graham “ common everywhere during
the rains,” and by myself in the Concan, to all appearance indigenous. Farther East, enumerated by
Mason as indigenous in Burmah; by Blanco, as frequent on the Philippines, known to the natives; is
known to grow in China (Pers.) ; and was observed by Kaempfer, and Thunberg 30, naturalized in
Southern Japan.
Aerua tomentosa of Tropical Arabia. Called in Egypt “ sadjaret ennadji ; ” — observed there by
For.skal, and Delile, as far North as Cairo, also in Upper Egypt, growing in gardens and even in the
Desert. Farther South, observed by Forskal p. T71 abounding in Yemen in sandy and calcareous
soil called “ ra ” or “ ærua,” and the spikes of flowers used for stuffing cushions and saddles. Eastward,
enumerated by Mason as “ exotic ” in Burmah; and known to occur also in Hindustan and
Java (Linn,, Juss., Burm. ind. pl. 65, and Pers.).
Euphorbia ihymifolia of Tropical Arabia and Hindustan. Called in Bengalee “ shewt-kherua,”
in Telinga “ biddarie-nanabeeam,” in Tamil “ sittra paladi ” or “ chin-amaum-patchayarise ” ( Drur.),
in Yemen “ rummid ; ” — observed there among the mountains by Forskal, and perhaps the same
species near the sea at Ghomfude, the bruised herb applied to wounds, and the juice with wheat flour
formed into pills given as a powerful purgative. In Upper Egypt, observed by Delile, as also on the
Mediterranean border near Damietta; and from transported specimens, described by Plukenet aim. pl.
1 13. Eastward, known to grow in “ gravelly places all over India,” the “ leaves and seeds given by ”
Tamul physicians “ in worm cases and certain bowel affections of children” (Lindl): in Ceylon, observed
by Burmann pl. 105 ; and farther East, by Thunberg in Japan, but no native name is given By
European colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands, where it has become a troublesome weed (Pers.).
Ornithogalum elatuni of . . . . Known in Egypt possibly as early as this date ; —described by
Andrews bot. repos, p. 528 from specimens received from Alexandria.
Dactylis glomerata of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Known in Egypt as early
probably as this date;—observed there by Delile, growing around Alexandria. Farther North,
observed by Forskal, Sibthorp, and Chaubard, in Greece and on the Greek islands, not uncommon
along roadsides, We.stward, described by Dalechamp 427, C. Bauhin, and Parkinson ; termed “ gra