is a large and conspicuous crucifix in stone, the sculpture of which is considered to be
remarkably ivcll executed. There is a plain chapel for the usual purposes, and a
number of trees and bushes arc sprinkled among the tombs, but no flowers; the situation
being low, and tho soil clayey and moist. Here the children ai'O buried in a place by
themselves, to economise space, as at Kiuzigthal. Tlicir little graves are distinguished
by crosses and crowns of white satin, oniaiiicntcd with everlastings of different colours,
and with artificial roses, wall-flowcrs, &c., made of paper.
Division X. Gardening, as an A r t o f Design and Taste, in the Electorate o f Hesse.
3G3. The gardens o f Wilhelms Höhe, near Casscl, have long been celebrated, p a rticularly
for their water-works. The place is now, however, much neglected. Wlicn in
a perfect state, these water-works were considered to bear a greiit rcscmhlaiicc to those
of Chatsworth in E n g lan d ; pai'ticularly in tho effect produced by a large sheet of
water falling down a high rock.
Division xi. Gardening, as an A r t o f Design and Taste, tn Anhalt.
364. The gardens o f Wörlitz, near Dessau,wcro considered by the Prince de Ligne as
the first in Germany ; they arc situated iu a plain, in the neighbourhood of extensive
woods; and tlicir boundaiy is in one pari fonncd naturally by tho Lake of Worlitz,
aud ill others by artificial canals, embankments, avenues, and palisades. The cflect is
fino, as tho gai'dens thus seem to blend with the suirounding scciiciy, without a stranger
being able to ascertain their exact extent. The lake, with two other pieces of water,
communicating by canals, supplies a great variety of water-scenery, and affords the
advantage of risiting all the remarkable objects of tho gai'dens in a boat. These grounds
arc divided into five gardens, of which the following arc the details : —
The palace garden lies between th e lake and the tow n ; from whicli last it is partly concealed by a
belt of evergreens and otiier shrubs, beyond which is a low wall of stone, rough from the quarry. This
garden has two entrances, both of which are open; a t a short distance from one of them a full view is
obtained of the palace. In front of th e building is a large, irregular lawn, on two sides of which arc
broad gravel-walks, bordered by tall lime-trees and rose-bushes; while the third side, directly in front
of the palace, is adorned with largo cast-iron vases, in which orange trees arc usually placed cfuring the
summer.
The principal edifices in this garden arc th e Princess’s house, stables, and other structures, built in
the Gothic style, on account of their proximity to an old church, the yard of which was formerly the
village burying-ground, but which is now a p a rt of th e garden; a summer saloon, in front of which is
a pump in the form of an altar, resembling some antique fountains a t Rome and Herculaneum ; a Gothic
fountain; a largo stone sarcophagus, eleven feet long, five and a half feet broad, and six feet high,
louniam;<,
having th e angles adorned with
by winged genii. One of the
another, facing tho church, said be by remains of those who departed before us, and who,D shall make room for others.” There is also an ' vith Corinthian pilasters, and inscription-tablets on each side, supported
e inscriptions consists of some verses taken from Klopstock’s Messiah;
aid to hft written bv th e Prince, .........,
is as follows:—“ Here are deposited dcnosited the
ho, in our mortal dwellings, have made room
for us, as
_________ ,n Ionic arcade, adorned by numerous statues.
rjyi. ^ ^ ._ rr.'/r I.re......-» 4a 4- rei. 4 ^41.. ...4AV. XTi — rer''rei..\1inre rere/l —re
The Cedar Hill is so culled, because it is chiefly planted with Virginian, Carolina, and rod cedars.
Th e summit, where tlie trees incline backwards in a semicircular form, commands a view of th e church
and churchyard. Halfway down th e hill, is a seat shaded with cedars, from which, through a vista of
ivy-encircled pines, is a distant view of a funereal urn on the other side of the water. At the foot of
th e hill is a wilderness, and beyond, a sloping lawn washed by the lake. On th e right is a small
drawbridge over a deep creek, called the Swan Pond, and near this is a stone scat, commanding a fine
perspective view of the Mlace.
Neumark’s Garden. This garden, named after the gardener who laid it out, consists of a large island,
formed by two arms o fth e lake, which embrace it on th ree sides, and are united by a canal on th e fourth.
There are four other islands considered as belonging to this garden; but three of them are inhabited
only by th e swans which build their nests on them. T h e fourth is cultivated, and, on account of the
great number of roses spread over it, is called Rose Island. On this island is a stone balcony with a
balustrade of vine branches, and a beautiful arbour of honeysuckle and jasmine.
A mound or embankment planted with evergreens and fruit trees, and provided with seats a t favourable
points of view, is carried round th e whole of th e large isla n d ; and a bridge, thrown across the canal,
unites it with th e main land. T h e side of tho mound, n ex t the lake, is not planted; so that a stranger,
who mounts to the summit, passes a t once from the m ost perfect seclusion to a view of scenes of bustling
activity on the opposite bank of the lake, where tho village damsels bleach their linen, and may be seen,
in their tucked-up petticoats, like tho Dana'idcs of old, performing a labour which never ends. The
garden is divided obliquely by a belt of evergreens; from which a green alloy, formed by cherry and
plane trees, leads to an arcaded avenue, intended to afford shade during th e heat of th e day in
summer,
The
chief buildings and garden ornaments in Ncumark's Garden are two pavilions: one, on th e summit
of a well-planted hill, contains curiosities brought from the South Sea Islands and South America;
1-pla __ , ___________________ -- -............... ............................ -
I- - .AT. 4 - rerere—rere—4reAre.1 Are frC"' re*.A4re..re nAreA,.rere re—..I re 141.—re—. . jrere., >rr /.Vlinfl«. r.T i/.,,—.relo
and th e other is appropriated to casts from antique statues, and a library, consisting chiefly of journals
^ small elevation, and sure
and .........................................travels. A fine copy of th e Dying Gladiator,i f tin g L-..............„ by Erlich, is ,. ,placed ...........
<
rounded by Virginian cedars, f t th e end of a short avenue of plane trees, a monunient to th e memory
o f Jean Jacques Rousseau is discovered on a small 1 island i
planted with poplars, on the lake. In tlie
middle of this island, as a t Ermenonville, an altar with th a a stone ......................
urn is elevateci upon steps, within a circle
of Italian poplars. In front of the altar is an inscription iption to the memory of Rousseau, written by t
the
prince; on th e back is a half-length bas-relief of tho philosopher, and on the sides are a lyre and a
wreath of oak.
A n allegorical labyrinth, intended to typify human life, is, however, one of th e most curious objects
in this garden. This iabyrinth has the appearance of a deep valley of wood and rock, through which
wind narrow uneven paths, to which the light of day can only penetrate a t intervals. In some parts
th e soii is sterile, and bears only th e gloomy pine; in others, solitary flowers blossom. Here we behold
a barren rock: there a glowing prospect opens to our view. In th e centre of the labyrinth is a place
shaded by a circular row of acacias, within black walls, divided by three inlets. T h e same number of
sandstone niches, ornamented with Corinthian pilasters, rest a®"
ainst th e walls. One of these niches
becomra ilillicult ancl must bo decisive.” If the adventurer decides upon entering ho ivOl lind the eavE
thirty-five paces long; and, a t first, nothing dismaying will appear for it is still wide -md liirht npnr.
airough which a statue of L c d i'w ith her s¥au !s ^ 0? .! On m K
towards the statue, th e following words, on th e wall by the side of the opon’n c catch the eve • “ T urn
back q u iftly If the curious stranger should still venture to step forward and mss thmneh fhp
Oftning he shudders to hnd himself on the precipitous brink of a broad canal, and loses no time in
o ftjnng the injunction. On turning back, a narrow, dismal, and terror-striking m h is nerceiied te r.m
f i .Tliogrouud is nnoveu.’tho wails ou each side S ir tr a n d fho o S
rocks ol tho roof threaten danger. This horror overcome, and the path entered it soon leads info 1
dark, g lftm y thicket on issuing from which, the undaunted explorer unexpectedly fiiid^hirnself S an s
f / A^r^^? • 4?® / f r s iu m 18 an exquisitely laid out piece of ground in an oval form
f t e interior 18 a beautiful lawn of the same shape, carpeted with a velvet tu rf of the richest crcen and
studded on th e margin with circular bed.s of flowers, and groups of lovely trees amoim which / r e tho
tulip tree, the o ra fte , the red-flowering acacia, the almond, tho cherry, and the thorn A broad cravcl-
walk surrounds the lawn, On tho right, beside th e path which le/ds into Elysium whiifflowe rfoe
acacias, planted iii semicircles, form two recesses or arbours, within which a r c L a ts .’ T h e farthest à
coiisidftecl to produce the crowning effect of th e whole ; from this seat through a high v/ulted ite
S £ n te ?V iii?S Si^ ^ ^ ^ rising in th e
The Ladies’ Green presents nothing remarkable. It has obtained its name from th e circumstance of
iram ta e / r c o S / e d
Sc/ioch’s Garden also derives its name from its designer. It is situated on the north of the lake and
c fts is ts partly of an island and partly of the main land, th e walks being carried on by a v a rS t/ of
picturesQue b riftc s . One of these is ornamented with black flower vases, and is thrown acfoss the
mouth o i a canal, over which the b r^ c h e s of a thick plantation of high alder, birch, oak, aiffl othe? trees
unite in fftmmg a vaulted shade. Another bridge is formed of an oak sawn asunder lengthwise • ol-inks
across th e two ha ves f t the tree, and the balustrade being composed of t1ookc5? bS ighs
Che Bridge of fta irs is so called, ftcauso, in consequence of the high spring of the arch, it is ascended
from each end, to nearly the middle, by steps. The T u rn Bridge has a very curious appearanS It
f trn s on a pillar f ip d in t f t bank, and, as the equilibrium is well distributed, it is easily set in motion •
» c i t a i W ta l? r „ ! h ,ro 7 ^ ^ ^ ^ "'••'I® of t a h t wooci;
fte n rent a su n f tr f t some convulsion of nature. A little stream of ile a r sparkling w .ie r rTns a E
the bottom of th le e abyss.abyss This perilous-perilons-looking bridge is, however, perfectly p e r fe k T s secure.e c u r^ Four ^strong tro^g iroil
iron
chains are drawn from the one side of th e rock to th e other, and firmly soldered into stones, confealed PlanliO o -« rvlrerereH ,J4 re ™„.. re 11 I 11 . . ’ V.VA11,V«
...SAV.-- Vu —-,-a concealed
within the rock as counterpoise^ Planks are placed diagonally, and so well secured by cramps, that
they cannot possibly give way. Two other chains, carried along th e bridge on each side, supply the
vant of balustrades.
Schoch’s I s M . N e ft the banks of th e lake is a plot of flowers growing in the form of a pyramid
and encircled by six plane trees. A gravel walk runs between the flowers and the planes. Diana’s-
wood IS an irregular oval thicket, planted with silver poplars, plane, ash, elm, and other trees witl.
, I” t f t ccntre qf the wood is a statue of the goddess, about four feet high,'elevated
?ni with a hound a t her side. A remarkable illusion is produced in one p art of this island
ftie stranger appears to be in a long deep valley. He sees neither bridges nor buildings, except the roof of
th e pavilion, where thc curiosities from the South Sea Islands arc kept, whicli is observed rising above
some trees near the horizon. The lake cannot be said to be seen: we have only an obscure impression
ol Its situation. But by what enchantment is the place so mysteriously changed ? A few p lak a tio n s
and e le v a tifts of the soil alone transform the whole prospect. Thickets seem grown up by chance-
here, a solitary tree, there a tew, and sometimes a cluster of trees, give not only variety to the scono'
but, also, in appftrance, remove near objects to a distance, connect those th a t are disjoined, bring thè
distance to tho loreground, separate what is united, conceal what was before uncovered and make
visible what was concealed. There are but few buildings on this island.
Che Nmnp/ucum is a p lfte sacred to th e nymphs. It is a grotto constructed in a woody mountain
a ift 18 21 feet deep and 26 feet long. T h e entrance is ornamented with two fluted stone pillars without
a base, between two pilasters. The order is the ancient Ionic. T h e pillars support an entablature with
griffins in th e frieze, between which project candelabra, ornamented with leafwork. In the interior
the walls are covered with polished white gypsum, and the floor paved with flag-stones ’
The tomb of the elder Schock, by whom this p a rt of th e garden was laid out, is at the foot of a little
ftll, planted with yew8_ and firs, among which are placed numerous seats. Over the entrance to th e
£ ? r n /d these fields"” = place of re st. T h e labour of his mind-directcd hand
The Gome House is the n ex t object of attraction. This interesting edifice has the form of a cloister
and stands on the summit of a verdant acclivity, not less soft to tho eye than th e feet, upon the sides of
which ure planted some slender poplars, which wave with every breath of wind. It is a largo huildini?
with more depth backward than breadth in front, surmounted with tu rre ts, and embellished by numer-’
ous wmdows of painted glass. One readily perceives all that laborious intricacy, affectation, siiieu-
lanty, ancl rude grandeur, joined with an indescribable waste of labour, so peculiar to the Gothic taste
III short, we see here the emblem of that age of superstition, discord, violence, and Kullantrv when
every knight had a double duty to perform, namely,— > h 3, <.
“ De r kircho m it dem schwerdt zu nützen,
Der damcn ehre zu beschützen l
“ His sword to draw, the church to serve.
And ladies’ honour to preserve ! ”
We now quit the island to visit those portions of Schoch’s Garden which are on the mainland.