' i l i
p lants), cagcT to
soinctii
tyledf urges
T h is ......-„...OT............... . .
in e arliest spring. After th
shonlii have eouiplete expo
c-e tiie career of life,
t above tlie siirfaeo of the earth.
. ttie end I'f th e v e a r ; h u t oftener
is i t is u nite essential th a t they
sure to th e a ir, even in frosty
«-eatiiei • sei.-e.....B .lowevcr. occasumally, lik e early
rad is lies ,'w ith loose straw, fro n t otlier in.inrions elTwts ^
frost • so ns to prevent th c ir heing rn iso d o n t of tlieir intnntilc
beds by its baneful effects.. I n th is mauncr^iiiay th -----------
crocuses be treatof
itil th e su n acquires sufficient power
d ry th e earth lu th ;o req u ire d a ily ■ - ' -
X) a cooler.
I t wiVl be th en found advantageous to remove them
b u t not shcitereti sitiiaUon, an d hero th ey may ren ..„ ,. .......
th e ir leaves die down ; giving them, a.s ju s t hinted, at all times,
11 every situation, wliile th e ir leaves a re growing, such
1 - ........... rt—:----- —1 u n o t shining, as
never u n til the
p fetli'Thcy grow iii’’becomes f e y :‘ n o t a n y ,, whatever, after
Double : th e White an d Yellow, Single and Double ;
an d Í o ilh .
th e Dutch, who have highly
th e genus. Some of these sort
by botanists. A new an
has been proposml by Haw
nice distinctions for o n r ni
.5.410. Characteyist'cs o f
s tem s ; reg u la rity oi form an
ncctnriei " ‘ ' '
oved th is div 11 of
nsidered species
Liigeinciit o f th e Aareissinese
c th ; b u tite in b ra c e s too innny
:pose.
.orf narcissus. Strong erect
ilisposiüon in th e petals and
id clearness of colour ; an d in th e
ds, tho pcdunclos a ll of tiie si
iy-llo\________ ,
coming into flower a t ____
6411. Propagation. By seed for r
now varieties, b u t generaUy
,e len g th , an d
.......................... I,while leave!
discretional roso-waterings, wlieii tiie sui
th ey may reasonably ap pear to req u ire :
partii th ey iu d r : a..,,, ............... .
th e ir leaves begin to look.yellow. After th is period, it ts
necessary fo defend tliom from a ll h um id ity , except dews anti
|o n tle rains, u n til th e end of August, o r tlie bogiuning of
'^5-1^.^ From ivcc<U, tvorm.s, slugs, an d snails, “ it is almost
tieetllcss to observe, crocuses should constantly be k ep t as clear
as possible. And if the surfaco o f th e e a rth in th e ir boxes is
occasionally s tirred w itii th e point of a knife, o r fine piece ot
stick it will never fa il to be attendetl witli beiieflcial effects,
an il invigorate th e corms : operating, no doubt, as a ¿ r t of
hoeing, and, lik e th a t imp o rtan t practice (ns tlic writer of
tills paiier conceives), proving salubrious to vcgetoblos of every
d enomination, uot only by lig lite in n g tlie soil, b u t by admittin
g neiv accesses of atmospheric .-nr towarils th e ir ro o ts; and
th e reb y facilitating, an d stin iu la tin g th e ir ahsoriient inspiratio
n of its oxygen : w ith o u t a due supply of winch all vegetables,
as well as animals, eventually become feeble and sick.
If, notwithstanding th e precaution of th in ly sowing th e seeds,
th e plants in any o f yo u r seminal boxes sliould have groivn
so th ick ly togetlier a.s to have incommoded each other, it will
b e desirable to linve such tak en up, an d replanted Immeiliately
fa rtlie r asunder in fresli eartii, an d ab o u t th ree q u a rte rs of an
inch deep. Bu t i f they are not too crowded, tliey wiU req u ire
no sh iftin g th is tlieir first a u tum n ; b u t merely ab o u t a
q u a rte r of an in ch of fresh mo u ld sifted over them, prcn o u sly
stirrin g an d cleaning tho surface o f tiie old from moss and
weeds; an d observing n o t to b u ry th e young corms, n o t yet
so large as lentil», deeper th a n th ree qu a rte rs of an incti, or
a n in ch a t tlio most. Th e second season requires exactly the
same management as th e first. B u t as soon as tiic ir second
y e a r’s foiiagc has passed away, the corms should a ll be taken
n p , an d rep lan ted again th e same or following day, in to Ircsli
e a rth , of tlie same liin d as before, ab o u t 1 in. deep, an d as
m u c h ap art, an d trea ted as above. Nor docs th e IMrd season
d emand an y a ltera tio n in tlie ir m an ag em en t; sh tm g oyer
th em in a u tum n h a lf an Inch of fresh earth. Tlic spring
following, if thoy have been d u ly attended to, most of them
will show flowers (a few, perliaps, h aving done so the season
before) in th e midst of tlieir fo u rth crop of leaves; fu lly re ward
in g with tho cheering colours of th e ir new faces aU the
preceding assiduity and care.” ( Ifo rt. Trans., vol. i. p. 12.5.)
5406. Choice o f corms. Observe th a t the base is not mouldy,
n o r the b ud or sum m it of tlie corm decayed.
5407. Soil, situation, a n d cidture. They will grow in any
common soil, b u t p refer a loamy sand. October is th e best
season for p la n tin g ; th e more select varieties aro grown ui
beds lik e tlie livacinth, an d tho colours mingled in th e same
m a n n e r ; tlie distance fro n t bulh to b u lb ab o u t o in . The
more o rd in ary sorts a re grown as border-flowers, an d form an
jmport.ant p a rt of th e early flowers o f th e fro n t row. Tliey
a re very h a rd y , an d req u ire no care till tlie leaves begin to
fade, when th ey should be taken uji, an d k ep t in a state of
rest for two or th ree months. Some do n o t ta k e th em up
oftcner th a n once in three years, which answers very well for
th e b o rd er sorts. Even those, however, should n o t be left
longer, because, as th e young corms a re formed on th e tops ol
th e others, they come n e a re r to th e surface every year, till a t
last, if neglected, th ey a re tlirown o u t an d lost. As no bulb
is cheaper to purchase, more easy o f cu ltu re, o r increases
faster in an y soil or situation, it will be th e fa u lt of possessors
o f gardens ifth e y have not abundance of th em in th e ir borders,
where they will flower from th e first week in F e b ru ary till the
la st week in April, aud from th e begimiing of September till
th e middle of October. . ^ ,
5408. Most o f the species o f narcissus a re natives ol the
south of Europe, b u t ono, tho N. Pseùdo-A’'arcissus, is a native
of England, an d common in woods in clayey soils. They
corno in to flower in February, March, an d April.
5409. Species a n d uaj-iefies. Th e p o pula r division o f th is
genus is in to daffodils, white narcissus, jonquils, a n d polyanth
u s narcissus. ^
The. Daffodils are N. P s eu d o -N arcis su si. an d N. Tolamòiniis
Haw., of whicli tlie varieties are th e Common donhle,
tiie Double, with w hite potalsand a yellow cup, th e Single,
with yellow petals an d a golden cup, th ree or four concentric
cups Tradcseant’s daffodil, an d other varieties;
tho Peerless (A. ineompar.ibilis), th e Two-flowered daffodil
(A. hiflòrus) (Eng. Iio t.,2 7 6 .), an d a v a riety (A. b.
a te n u io r ) with one flower only on th e scape; th e Two-
coloured daffodil (A. bicolor) (S o t. JfaiT-, 1187.), a nativo
o f Spain, an d a variety of th e g rea t Yellow Spanish,
th e largest flower of tfie genus ; th e Least d a f f ^ i (A.
m in o r) (Bot. Mag., 6.) ; th e Rush-leaved (A. trih n d ru s)
(Bot.Mag., 4 8 .); and some otlier species an d varieties.
The White Narcissi are tlie Poets’ narcissus (A. poéticus) ;
th e Early-flowered (A. p. a angustifòlius) ; an d the Latey
flowered (A. p. S majàlis); tho Musk narcissus ÌA.
tnoschàtus) (Eng. Bo t., 150Ó.); the Eastern narcissus (A.
o rien tàlis) (Bot. Mag., 948.), an d th e Yellowish and
Largc-flowercd v arieties; th e Hoop-petticoat narcissus
(A. Bulbocòdium) (Bot. Mag., 8 8 .); an d th e Paper n a rcissus
(A. p ap y rà ceu s), with otlier varieties.
Th e Jo n q u ils a re , th e Common (A. Jo n q u 'tla ) (B o l.Ma g .
15 ) so named from Its ru sh or jo nc-like leaves ; -I.e
Double-flowered jo n q u il ; th e Sweet-scented jo n q u il (A.
odòrus) (Bot.Mag., 9o4.) ; tlie G re atjo n q u il (A. calathi-
nu s) (B o t Mag., 78.) ; an d somo m in o r varieties.
The Polyanthus Narcissi are th e Common (N. T e lé tta )
Bot. Mag., 9 2 5 .); tho Sulphur-coloured, Single aud
by offsets, which, as they stddom flower tlie first year
a fte r separation, should not bo p lan ted with tho full-grown
bulbs, b u t In a bed o f lig h t loamy soil by themselves in the
reserve gardeii. T h ey sliould n o t be ijlaiitod la te r th a n the
directs to sow in flat pans, filled
with frosh, liglit, sandy eartli, about th e b eg in n in g o f August
soon a fte r th e seed is ripe ; to place th e pans wliore they will
receive only th e m orning sun till October. 1 licii o x p o ^ fo em
to th e fu ll sun, an d p rotect th em from heavy rain s an d frosts
till April, when they wUl have coinc up, an d mu st be reinoveil
to th c ir lirst situation. I n Ju n e , the leaves will ha>
rtccayci
when somo fresh e arth is to be sifted oyer th e sur
:e o f th
pans. Trea t th em in o th e r respects d u rin g tho secoi.u
as d u rin g tlte first. T h e end of tlte second summer a fte r sowing,
tlio bulbs a re to be tak en u p an d planted, a t ab o u t o m.
------------------------ i.ro-io Foiscd an d ro u n d ed to throw off
be protected in winter by old
•r rema in in g two years in th is situ-
up an d planted In others, du g deep,
'ii'ttle ro tten cow-duiig b u ried in th e bottoni for
tlie fibres to strike into. Here tlic b u lb s arc to be planted a t
6 in. distance, liaving e a rth sifterl over them when the leaves
decay, an d ta n or asiies in winter. 'Tlio second season of ¿ « r
growth in th is bed, th a t is, th e flftli from sowing, most ol the
bulbs will come in to fiower. Sucii a.« are esteemed good
flowers may be tak cu u p an d troatwl as full-grown bulbs ; b u t
those wliich liave n o t flowered, o r of whicli the flowers arc of
d o u b tfu l excellence, may romalu a n o th er year. Miller says,
none should he rejected till they have flowered two o r throe
times : as it often happens th a t tlie ir flrst blowing is n o t near
so b e autiful as th o ir second an d third.
5413. Choice o f fu ll-grow n Ouibs. Select sueh a s a r c rounded
towards the base ra th e r th a n compressed, with ItiU soimcl tops,
au d bottoms free from mouldiness o r decayed fibres.
5414. Soil, situation, an d planting. An eastern aspect is to
•eferred; and, according to Miller, th e best soil is fresh,
lig hY hazel loam? mixed w rtli'V u ttle Very rotten cow-dung!
Tlic bed In wliich they aro to bo p lan ted m u st be cx c a y a t^
3 ft. deep, au d filled with th is compost, au d th en th e bulb!
p lan ted qu i t about “ '
8 in ., in the
1. distane n d covered from
tim e for p lanting is August, or th e b eginning of September.
6.4L5. C u ltu r l S tirn n g the soil, wcceliug, and w atering ar
all th a t is iu general req u irc il: b u t such as wish to produce
very iierfcct show of flowers, shelter w ith an awnuig
man n er rccomniended for liyacinths. I n winter th ÌZè/e b .
Vre?
q u ire th e protection of ta n o r litter, wliicli sliould be put
October or November, an d removed, an d tho s-*’
Feb ru ary or March. Where th e narct^ssi a re <
ted for
commercial purposes, tlie strength of tbe b u lb is greatly
creased by cu ttin g off th e flower-stem when th e flowers b' ^
to expand. Tho flower is still valuable, being expanded idcd t
till
in a m ark e tab le state by in serting th e s ta lk in water. borne
years ago 1 gained admittance in to th e grounds of Daniel
Carter, a t Fu lh am, who has long cultivated largo q u antities of
p o lyanthus narcissuses for sale, an d was surprised to find a ll
th e crop ne arly gatlierod, th ough veiy e arly in th e season.
His son, however, explained the mystery, by ta k in g me into a
large b a rn , w hich was filled with tho g a th ered flowers, blowing
ill pans of w a te r ; an d he told me th a t, by doing this, th o bulbs
continued to produce aa a b u n d an t crops every year, as new
ones imported from Ilolland. T h e practice was suggested to
h im by rema rk in g , th a t in a bed left for seed one year, very few
bulbs sent up aco in p le te bunch of flowers the following si
an d m any bulbs uoue a t a
sta lk close to tlie g ro u n d ,!
;panded, b u t is •
1 therefore now cuts off tho
s soon as two or th ree of th e flowers
cajreful n o t to in ju re tiie leaves.”
The bulbs should n o t bo taken
up'o ften er th a n every th ird year, if th ey are expected to flower
strong an d make a g reat increase. I f they remain lo n g e r th an
tlirec years, th e oflsets will become so numerous as to weaken
th e bulbs, which will a t flrst flower weakly, an d in tim e cease
almost en tirely to show flowers. T h e Dutch tak e u p these
bulbs every year, because th o ir object is to fu rn ish a ro u n d
plum p bu lb , an d th e way to accomplish tills is to tak e off the
offsets an n u ally , to prevent th c ir pressing against an d flattenin
g tho p a re n t bulb. Th e bulbs, being dried in tlie shade,
may be la id in an a iry situation in the seed loft till wanted for
planting. Tliese bulbs force well, and e ith er in deep pots of
sandy loam, or in water-glasses ; th o ir previous tre a tm e n t is
tho same as we have prescribed for the h y a cin th ; an d they aro
h ig h ly odoriferous an d orn amen ta l in apartments.
6417. K in d s a n d varieties ( f the I r is which arc not flo r ists’
'^°'ivie 'Persian Ir is ( I. persica) (Bo t. Mag., 1., a n d o u r flg.
911. ft) ; a v ery low bulbous-rooted plant, with delicato
b lu e a n d violet-coloured flowers, g reatly esteemed for
th c ir b e auty, an d sweet smell, which is so powerful th a t
one p la n t will scent a whole room. I t is a native of
Persia, a n d was cultivated h y Pa rk in so n in 1629. The
bu lb s are g en erally imported from Holland, and blow in
water-glasses, o r pots of sand with very little e arth in term
ixed, in February a n d March.
The Snake's-h ea d Iris (I. tuberósa) (Bot. Mag., 531., owt fig.
f il l, b, an d Gard. Mag., vol. viii. jig . 41.) has long
narrow four-cornered leaves, a n d a d a rk p u rp le flower,
which appears in April. I t is a native of th e Levant,
an d was cultivated in 1597. I t is also a native of Engla
n d an d Ire lan d . (Gnrrf. Jlfny., viii. 235.) Th e tubers
a rc generally imported from Holland.
The. Chalcedonian Ir is ( I. susiàna) (Bot. Mag., 91. a n d Jig.
911. c) has fiuely stria ted leaves, a scape a span lugh,
Book IV. MISCELLANEOUS CHOICE FLOWERS.
an d tho largest an d most magnificent corolla of all tlie
species. Its jic ta ls a re o f a delicate tex tu re, almost as
b road as a h an d , pu rp le or black, striped with white.
I t flowors in th e b e g in n in g o f Jm ie : it is a native of the
Levant, an d was cultivated b yG e ra rd in 1596.
5418. Culture q f the three species. These seldom ripen
th e ir seeds in tliis country, n o r a re they often projmgated here
from offsets, an n u al siipjdios of bulbs be in g obtained from
IIollaiHl, an d generally forced tik e th e hyacinth. Justice
says (B n t. Gard. Direct., p. 222.) the Dutch florists told him,
th ^ t lm : ^ n e v e j could obtain aii^ varieties from sowing th
c Persian Iris ; m id th is au th o r himself, win
•e nnd eonsiderablo success. Tho
m ree sons are oesi cultivated u nder tho protection of a frame,
where th e ir flowers will be less liable to in ju ry tlian in tho
oixm a ir, an d where tlieir leaves will bo stronger an d more
ablo to no u rish the bulbs an d offsets. Th e Chalcedonian iris,
Ca rtU observes, tlirives b est in a loamy soil an d snnny exposure,
with a p u re air, b u t guarded from moisture, an d from
frosts d u rin g winter. The Pe rsian iris tlirives best in a lig h t
sandy loam and eastern exposure, sheltered from rain s a ’
frosts, lik e tlic other. T h e snake’s-liead iris is th e hardii
o f th e tlirec, requires th e same soil an d exposure as i
Persian, b u t less care d u rin g winter. None o f those sot
ne ed be tak en up oftcner th a n once in throe years, when ttie
leaves decay ; th ey should be rep lan ted iu a m o n th o r six
weeks afterwards, a t 6 in. distance every way, a n d covered
from 2 in. to 4 In., according to th e size o f tlie bulbous tuber.
I f tho soil in wiiich tho bulbous and tuberous sorts of iris are
p lan ted be loose an d deep, an d the p lants n o t tak en u p every
tlirce, or a t m ost four years, th ey will n m down a n d be lo.«t.
5419. The culture o f Ib iV tuberósa Is th u s given by Mr.
Denson, ju n ,, in th e Gardener’s Magazine. Let It stand two
o r three years iu »uccession in fhe same sp o t; th en in Ju ly
tak e it up, an d d lrid e th e tuhers, p lau tin g tliom ns soon
as d u g u p 3 ill. deep, in a compost formed o f lia lf friable
loam an d h a lf le af mould, or old hotbed dung, rotted to the
consistence of soil. Let th e situation bo a d ry bed or border
a t th e base o f a wall, with a soutliern aspect, an d p la n t the
tubers close to tlie wall, o r only a t a fc'v inches from it.
Th u s treated, J 'r i s tuberósa, in the Botanic Garden, a t Bury
St, Edmunds, every sp rin g exliibits its pocnliarly coloured
a n d cousiructod, au d delicately fra g ra n t flowers, an d occasiona
lly also produces seeds: these, i f sown th e moment they arc
ripe, produce p lants in tho fou rtli y e ar o f th c ir age. One
observance in tlie cultivation of this p lan t should bo absolute ;
never to stir tlie soil within 1 ft. o f it, a fte r th e 1st o f September
; for it w in by th is timo have commenced th e emission
o f roots for th e imbibition o f Hie requisite energies fo r its
t y e ar’s flowering, a lthough it m ay not send its foliage
above ..............g
nd to tell you so u n til even November.
. . . . . f the fr itilla r y (F ritillà ria ) ( » . 912.) th e re are
th ree species an d n umerous varieties.
The Crown imperial (F. imperiàlis) (Dot. Mag., 194.). L a
Couronne impériale, Fr. ; ICaiserkrone, Ger. ; au d L a Corona
imperlale Ital. (fig. 912. a ), has a scaly bu lb , from
winch arise strong stems from 2 ft. to 4 ft. in heiglit, ftir-
nislied with numerous broad sliining green leaves, an d
crowned with a whorl of showy pendulous flowers, yellow,
rod, or; striped, in various ways, which ajipcar in
March an d April. I t is ono o f tlie e arlie st ornaments
of th e flower-garden, p roducing a fine appearance in
th e middle of la rg e borders, a t a season when such
flowers arc most wanted. Tho “ sin g u lar n e cta ry ,”
Professor Martyn observes, “ can n o t b u t engage tho at-
...............11 of th e curious observer ’ - ;
• “ ’- a w hite gianduii
OT. — .,OT..,.OT.OT ... may be ob-
- - e peduncles, which bend down wliilc tlie p lan t
I flower, b u t become u p rig h t as tho seed ripciis.”
T here a rc above a dozen varieties in cultivation, distiii-
puislicd by tiio different shades o f yellow, wliite, an d rcd
111 the fiower, an d by being striped, double, or semidouble.
Tke Persian fr itilla n j (F. jtirsic a ) (Bot. Mag., 1557. an d
fig. 912. 6) has a large ro u n d root, th e size o f an o ran g e ;
th e stem fs 3 ft. h ig h , nnd the flowers in a loose siiike
a t th e top, fo n n in g a pyramid. They are o f a dark
pu rp le colour, a n d ap pear in May, b u t seldom produce
seeds in England. I t is a native o f Persia, an d was
cuitivatcd h e re in 1596. There is a smaller variety, with
a sh o rte r stem, an d smaller leaves hiuI flowers.
I'he Common fr itilla r y , or Chcmu.rcd lily (F. m d ta g r is )
(Eng. Bo t., 602.), L a Fritilla irc mcleagre, Fr. ; Kie-
bitzcy, G e r .; an d Oiglio variegato, Ital. (jlg. 912. c), has
a solid tu b e r, ab o u t th e size of a n u t, a stem from 12 in.
to 18 in. liigli, with lin e a r leaves, a n d ono o r m ore pendulous
flowers oil th e top o f tlie stem. I t is a native of
B rita in , a n d flowers in April an d May, or in March in
m ild seasons. Títere aro ne arly 20 varieties, -Hitli red.
wlnto, purple, hlack, striped, an d double flowers, besides
a n umb e lla te fritilla ry , a m u le between th is species and
tho crown imjicrial.
5421. Propagation. The common m etliod is by offsets; h u t
they may be raised from seed, which ripens readily, an d is to
be treated in all respects lik e th a t o fth e tu lip , th e seedlings of
tlie crown imp e rial flowering in th e flftii o r sixth year, and
those of tlie two otlier species in th e tliird or fo u rth year.
T h ey deUght iu a lig h t soil, n o t too wet n o r very fu ll of dung.
I t should be du g deep, an d th e bulbs may be p lan ted 6 in.
deep, an d from 18 iu. to 2 ft. d istan t every w ay ; b u t th ey have
th e best effect, in a m ingled flower-border. Tlioy need n o t bo
tak en u p above once in th ree years, when th e stems are
witiierod in May o r Ju n e , an d they should n o t be k ep t longer
o u t of tlie g round th a n two months. Tho Crown imperial is
liable, in a rema rk ab le degree, to be eaten b y snails an d slues
early in spring.
¿ 2 2 . O f the lily th e re a rc sixteen species introduced in to
Britain, an d th e wliolc of tliem may be reckoned very choice
flowers. We shall notice p a rticu la rly only those species of
wliicli numerous varieties have been produced. These are •__
The While Uly (L. edndidum) (Bot. Mag., 278.) has a large
scaly bulb, a leafy stem, from 3 ft- to 4 f t in height, te rm
in a tin g in largo pu re white flowers ou peduncles. I t
is a native of th e Levant, a n d was in most gardens in
G erard’s time. Of th is species th e re are above e ight
varieties. °
The Orange lily (L. bulbifemim) (Bot. Mag., 36.) has a
scaly liulb, a leafy stem, 2^ ft. h ig h , te rm in atin g in
orangc-coloured flowors. Sometimes tlie stem produces
small groeu bulbs, in th e axilla.- of tlie leaves. Of th is
Bjieelos th e re a rc e ight or ten varieties and su bvarieties;
o f whicli the variety um b e llá tum is, when in flower very
sliowy. Th e tig e r lily produces au ahundanoo o f ax illa ry
bulbs, by which it may be read ily m ultiplied.
The Martagón, o r Tu r k 's cap (L. Mártagoii) (Bot. Mag.,
8 9 3 .),h a sa la rg e sc a ly bulb , a stalk fu rn ish ed with n a rrow
leaves, n e a rly 5 ft. h ig h , an d term in atin g peduncles
of fine carmine flowers iu Ju ly . Of th is ejiecies there
a re h a lf a dozen varieties, besides th e scarlet T u rk ’s cap
(L . chalocdónicum) land the yollow-pcrlanthed T u rk ’s
cap (L . p y ren iicum ).
The J a p a n lily (U ja p ó n icum L.) (Bot. Mag., 1591.) has a
stem ne arly 3 ft. hig h , an d the flowers 7 in. long, wiiicli are
wh ite w ith a tinge o f pu rp le dowu tho back of each p etal.
The showy J a p a n lily (L. s}>ecidsum T h u n b .) (Bot. Beg.
t. 2000.) has clear, deep rose-coloured flowers, which, as
Dr. Lindley expresses It, “ seem a ll ru gged witli rubies
an d garnets, a n d spa rk lin g with c ry stal points.” I t
IS also very sweet scented. Tlicrc a re several v a rie tie s;
one of which is a p u re wliito. Tlie petal» cu rl back.
The lanceolate-leaved J a p a n lily (L. lancifhlium T hunb.).
Th is is a very b e autiful p lan t ivith very large flowers, tho
petals o f which a re u o t reversed in th e same m an n er as
those o f J . speciósuni, b u t open widely, b ending back from
tlio pistil, b u t with o u t cu rlin g in. Tliere a re several
varieties, th e most beau tifu l of whieh, L . laneifi'iliuin
rósoum, is figured in PnrXow's Magazine o f Botany, vcA.
V. p. 267. Another o f th e varieties is of a pu re wliite.
5425. Proj>agation. This is almost always by offset b u lb s;
b u t now varieties may bo raised from seed, wtiicli ripens in
most soils in Au g u st; being treated as directed for raising new
varieties of the narcissus, tlie young bulbs will flower the fourth
an d fiftli years.
5424. Culture o f flowering bulbs. Tho more common sorts,
ecies, au d varieties, will thrive in an y soil an d situation, even
id e r th e sliade o f trees. T h e Canadian, Pomponian, an d
Philadelpliian m artagous arc somewhat tender, an d req u ire tlie
p rotection of ashes o r rotten b a rk in winter. They are gene
rally planted in borders, and need n o t be tak en u p oftener
th a u every three or fo u r years in September, an d rcifiantcd
-11. deep in the October following. None of the species can
saftdy transjilantcd, a fte r they have pushed leaves, witliout
weakening them so as to prevent th e ir flowering for several
years. Th is remark, indeed, will ajqily to most bulbous-rooted
plants. Griffm, of south Lambeth, whose suiierior skill in tho
cu ltivation of bulbous p lants is well known (Ilo rt. Trans., vol.
IV. p. 544.), has becu in the practice o f keeping th e J l l iu ia
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