' r r
i
to!/
, i , JK
.1 ]
strong winds that may hapjion to prevail, which would occasion
tho leaves to contract ft languid yellowish appearance; liow-
evor, iu tlie course of a week or ten days, tliey wiil be alile to
withstand any weatlier that may in reason be expected at this
season, unless it happens to be umisually violent, in wliicii
case it mnst be guarded against .accordingly.
.5008. The removal of huects, weeds, and dead Fares ia the
principal carc tiiey will require now for about a month or so,
also casually tying up any that may want it, and watering;
in whioli last article, it must be observed, tiiat, as they now
stand ujion dry boards, and the air acting freely on every sido
of the pot, they must consequently bo allowed an increase of
water, to counterbalance its etTect. Tlic evening is tiie most
proper time for watering al tliis season, as well as syringing,
particularly wheu dry and warm; for if admiiiistorod in the
morning, the rising licat of tlic sun exhales it, before it has
time to descend to the lowcr roots; and unless ro]ilcnished frequently
in tho course of tlie succeeding day, they arc liable to
much injury, by being left in nn exliausted state until the following
morning, and which, il is probable, may not prove
more fortunate; whereas, if administered in tlie evening, it
refresiios them after tiie preceding day’s drought; and liaving
sufficient time to penetrate to the roots, ttiey havo tlic night
to recruit themselves against tlie following day. Besides, in
syringing, tliero is mueli more danger of liaving tiic leaves
scorolied by tlie sun’s rays, if dene in the moniing, than if
done as here rccomniondea: hut as cither extreme is dangerous,
care must be taken to uso no more water than is evidently necessary
for the healtli of tlio plants; for if used to tliat degree
tliat the earth becomes sour and deprived of its vegetative
powers, tiie conscqaences may bo such as are undesirable.
5069. By thus setting the piants in the greenhouse, it tends to
prevent the increase of insects; also thoir too luxuriant growth
during the summer months; and, by hardening and ripening
the wood, renders them strong and flm , and therefore
more likely to bloom, whicli is, in those ornamental plants,
llio principal object of the cultivator, besides that they aro
not so liable to be injured by tiie severities of tlie succeeding
winter.
5670. Autumn treatment. Towards tlie latter end of August
the natural heat of the atmosphere will be on the decline;
therefore, except on particularly line days, when a small portion
of air may be given, the lights must be kept perfectly close;
but more especially so at niglit, as we have frcqueiitiy at this
season heavy chilling dews, aud are also often surprised with
unexpected showers of rain or hail, to admit eitlier of wiiicli
might bo very iniurious to tlie piants; however, by sliutting
up the house before the sun lias withdrawn its influence entirely
from it, and thereby warming the enclosed air, they
may safely stand licre some days longer.
6671. As soon as Ihemonth of September commences, it is time
to tliliik of getting tlie stoves ready for their reception. First,
a quantity of fresh tan should bo provided, sufficient to raise
tlic bed at least 0 in. above the kcrli or wall of tlie pit, in conjunction
with tho best of tlie old already there, which is to bo
extriicted by sifting. Let tlie new tan be spread out to dry in
ridges, upon some clean airy spot, or convenient yard, for —-
or tlireo days, where it should y turned twice o
day, a i..._____ _..........
.............. oil cleaned aud the
preparing, let tho flues of tlie house be w
walls whitewashed;
.............. „11 operation necessary to be done every
year in t1ie.se departments, where strong lires arc kept for such
a length of time; likewise, let tho old tan be sifted =- -------
n way, with a jirctty coarse sieve ■r riddle: i pardoners
when first put in ; it also tends t< c regular heat
in the other longer than it naturaily would if used by itself, r
it would be very violent at first, and consequently, liko mosi
other things that are worked up above tlieir piccli, liable to be
sooner exhausted in proportion to the flrst foundation.
6672, Having sifted andgot nieay all therqfusc ofi the old tan,
let the fresh, if well dried, be immediately carried in, and both
weil mixed together in the p it; still adding, until tlie bed is
raised to the proper height; this done, lot the wood and glass-
work, kerbs, iiassagea, &c., in short, every part of the house, he
diligently wastiod; for the twofold purpose of endeavouring to
clear it as much as possible from insects, ns well as to give i t a
cleanly appearance: being tlms prepared, the plants may be
removed from tho greenliouse, observing to examine each of
them diligently lest any of those plagues so often mentioned
should flm! their way back to the stove.
5673. The pots must not be ¡dunged in the tan at first; as weil
on account of the dangerof tho violent heal injuring the roots,
as because this early plunging miglit start them into a fresh
growth, whicli. at this late season, wouhl not be at all to their
advantage. They mnst, therefore, bo set on the surface of tho
tan in regular order, where thoy may stand twelvc or flfteen
days, or perliaps longer; being guided in tliis particular by tho
state of the atmosphere abroad, as well as the internal tcrajie-
ratuTC of tlio heat in tlie pit.: by the first week in October, tlie
heat of the externa! air will be considerably abated, and that
in the pit sufflciently moderate. The time for plunging being
flxed on, observe to have it done in the most exact manner,
placing tho tall plants towards tho back or contro, and tlio
lower ones f o the front or sides of the pit in regular order, according
to the form of the house, and the mode of arrangement
adopted. I f sawdust is used, it will contribute mucli to thcir
cleanliness, and also make a more agreeable aiipcarance than
the tan. All being set to rights, and the passages, &e., swept
clean, give tlie plants' a good syringing to wash off whatever
dust tliey may have acquireil during their removal, which will
complete the business for this time. The principal caro afterwards
for a few weelcs is to give them a reasonahle share of
fresh air and water, according to the temperature of tlie
weather; but it is more proper to perform the watering,
syringing, and steaming, from tiiis time to tlio beginning or
middle of May, in the forenoon, observing to do it wliile the
rays of the sun fall so ohliquoly as to ensure tho plants from
being injured by it; sliould it be done in the evening, tlie air
in the house would unavoidably get chilled, especially In frostp'
weather. It is even necessary that the water used for tins
se sliould be nearly of tiie same temperature as tlie air iu
. bo necessary to add
I slow fires nt first,
the severities of the weather
5674. A6ottíí7í«n
alitile firc-heat at
and regularly increasing tliem a
increase. Although a eireulation of fresh air is at all timo.s
requisite to the lioaltli of plants, yet the lieat of the external
atmosjiliere will at this season be so niueh diminisiied rliat it
will not be found convenient to admit it in any considerable
quatitity; ill fact, none sliould be given, cxccjit on particularly
flno days, when tlie front or end liglits may be opened a fciv
inches- They should bo shut early in tlic day, sohlom permitchill
of the night commences;CO
............... -.........
be .. allowed llowed from from about .......................................... tho end of October until ...................
the b ^ in -
ning of April, as the strong cold winds which generally bio
during the winter months find of themselves but too many
entrances.
5675. As to watering in the autumn, discontinne it to thoso
plants plunged in the pit, as tho moisture of tho tan, added to
that whicli tyoceeds from tlio syringe, will be found quite sufflcient
for most of them; on the contrary, those over tlie flues,
or on the shelves or kerbs near tho fires, will require an
additional portion on account of the strong fires necessaryto bo
keiit wlieii the weatlier haiqiens to be severe. Tho ii«e of the
syringe and steam must also be stopped in the severest frosts,
lest by that means the house should get over chilled; however,
tlioy m.ay both be used freely wlien the weather proves
moderately mild and fine: but by no moans is it to be utulor-
Btood, that the house at this time is to he kept in a continual
mist; or, on tho other hand, that the pl.ants are not to bo
carefully examined as usual, and watered liberally when in
want of it. It Is necessary to notice tliat those piants which
aro inclined to bo deciduous, and also some of the more tender
ones, will be occasionally dropping part of tliclr loaves;
these sliould be picked off as soon as tlicy appear, othenvise
tliey will have rather a disagreeable appearance among the
plants.
6676. IVinter treatment. About the middle or end of December,
it will be necessary to have tlie tan in tho pit turned,
and renovated with a littlo fresh well-dried bark to enliven tlie
heat, as the severest part of the season is still to be expected;
however, in performing this work, great carc is required tliat
the ])lant? are not chilled or injured by being removed out of
the tan-bed at this cold season; therefore, the mildest weather
must ho chosen for performing this operation. The pit being
cleared, immediately proceed to turn over and mix the olcl and
well togetlier, in wliich, as soon as it is completed and
levelled fit to receive tlie pots, they may bo plunged witliout
delay; as there is not that certain danger of a burning lieat
ascc " • .....................
pow
lent
ascending now as in tlie summer months, in which S'
powerful action of tho sun occasions it to asociid more vio-
■ ly. 177. Plunging the x>ots. Should it not beconvenient tohave
the whole plunged the samo day, tliose left will requiro to he
seton the surface ofthe tan during the night; lest, by being left
near the glass, or extreme parts of tlie house, they might be
severely injured ere the morning by the cold a ir : as it is tliere-
fore aclvisablo to keep them as short a time as possible out of
the tan at this season, they sbould witliout fail be plunged tiic
next or following day at fnrtliest. It wiil be also requisite to
keep a pretty brisk fire-heat in the hoiist>, while the plants are
out ofthe tan, and until the bottom heat in the pit has become
sufficiently strong; else they will be liable thereby to drooi>,
and lose many of thcir leaves in consequence of being chocked
at this season. Should it happen that clear fine weather
follows ........., ............ , ................................................. OT
occasion tiie heat to rise rather violently in course of a
days after being renewed: to this particular attention must
be paid; and if" any such symptom should appear, it must bo
immediately romcniied by lifting the pots out of tlicir places,
aud tlirowing into the holes a small quantity of the surface tan,
on wiiicli the pots may he again set in a loose manner; thus,
by permitting tho heat to pass freely off hy the sides of tiie
pots, it prevents its burning the earth or roots, which would
he certain deatli to the piants: when its violence has subsided,
let the pit he levelletl, and pots properly repliinged; but unless
tho weather, as already noticed, happens to be particularly
clear. It will not be necessary, in all likelihood, to encounter
tliis labour.
6678. Watering and cleaning. They will require, from this
time until about tlio bogiuning of March, notliing more than
the ustial care of watering wiien nwessary, and cleaning them
from all dirt or insects as soon as thoy appear; also keeping Hie
temperatuvc of Hie enclosed air as near to its regular iiitch as
possible. To assist in compassing this object, when tlie wcatlicr
sets in severe, it will be proper to use either shutters of canvas
or bast mats to cover all tho lowest parts of the house; and in
partieular those at the greatest distance from the entrance of
the fires every iiigiit; otherwise tlio frost will easily enter tliesc
remote parts, and chill Hie air through Hie whole house ■'
consequence ofwhi ’........... '■ " ■ ‘■---
these precautions a
of keeping up av(
attended witii pernicious effects.
5679. 7'he Bed Spider. It is in these intervals that that
destructive insect tlic rcd spider makes the most rapid progress,
- - account of the necessity Hiat exists of keeping the houses
I dry w close, and supporting waarrmm aaiirr,, bboottllii ooff wwliidiec'h circ
all flno mihi mornings, observe to raise a powerful steam in the
house as already directed, by the frequent reiiotitiOn of whieli
there will he a possibility of keeping it under control.
6680. Refreshing the bark-hed. As the internal strength
and heat of tiic tan will now be mucli on the decline, in consequence
of the length of timo it has been in use, it will he
requisite to turn it more frequently, so tliat about the beginning
of Marcli, it sliould be again stirretl to at least iiaif its
de]jth, which will afford a temperate heat, until the time in
which tlic piants are usuaUy shifted, when it is generaily renewed.
Somc gardeners make It a practice to have niorely the
upper half of thcir tan-pits stirred, at any time throughout tho
year, when the heat liappens to be on the decline; this is c—
' ■ ' letliod where there is p'lenty of ti
of a burni
arising; but it requires to be done so nnich the oftener, such
heat seidom lasting above a month or six weeks; it ooii-
sequcntly will not answer where these conveniences aro not to
be had. Tlie plants being regulated in proper order as liefore,
let them have the usual treatment until the time of sliifting.
{Exotic Gard., p. 70.)
S e c t . II. Climbing Bai'k-stove Plants.
CLIMBING BARK-STOVE PLA N T S .
MAV. JIT.Y. AUGUST. SEPT. OCT.
Bignònia grandifòlia
Poívroa comòsa, Afzòlit
Passiflòraalàta, racemósa,
phccnicca.kermesina
Quisquàlis indica
7’acsbnia pìnnatistipula,
pedunculàris
Técoma grandiflòra
Thunbérgta alàta,angu-
làta,coccinca, cordàta,
fràgrans, grandiflòra
Stigniaphyll. aristàtum
Beaumóntta grandiflòra
Bignònta Chambcr-
laynet, and others
Choetôcalyx vincontìnus
Ipomoe'a panieulàta
Farsónsta floribùnda
Poivrea coccinca
Poràna volubilis
Hiohiòo fràgrans
Combrètura acumiiià-
VUmorinÌa multiflòra
Clitòria ternàtea
iGloriòsa supèrba
'Ilcrròria parviflòra
Iporace'a/nidpa, insign-,
polyánthos, IIorsfàllicE
Morcnòngrandi., pàtula
Murucìija ocollàta
Manèttia glàl>ra,bieolor,
myrtiilòra, cordifòlia
Passiflòra,edùlis,glauca,
pedàta, peltàta
Petrèa volubilis
Argyreìa cuneifòlia
Aristolòchia labiòsa,
cymbifer.a
Batiistèria fùlgon
[Bignònta pàllida
iDiìÌbérgtaBarcla.,Tolfa.
Disèmma HerbertiVìtta ;
Il)omce'a/rtfapa,rùl).ciB.
Joliffta africàna
Passiflòra àlbida, alàta,
coccinca, pàllida,
quadrangulàris
Argyreìa spléndens
Bauliiiito racemósa,
crucígera
Bignònta vcniista
Mcliìtes bicolor, nóbilis,
spicàta
Clitòria Plumièri
Poivrea barbàta
,Tonèsfa scàndens
Passiflòra picturàta
Thenàrdta floribùnda
0 for those of the
apted
bark- a into consideration. (See
S e c t . III. Bulbous-rooted Bark-stove Plants.
•5683. All bulbous-rooted stove plants may, no doubt, be kept
th a t they should flower in any degree of perfection, they must be
planted, ¿ h e sam y em a rk will apply, indeed, to most of the dry-stove bulbs. (See an exceUent paper
in the dry-stove ; but if it is wished
plunged in the bark-bed when newly
B ULBOUS-ROOTED BARK-STOVE PLA N T S .
MAY. j JUNE. JULY. AUGUST. SETTEMBER.
AmarÿlUs regînæ
Blótia'Ayacínth¿na,Tan-
kervlUtns, Shepliérdt
Crlnum scábruin
Eucròsia bicolor
Eulópliia gràcilis, gui-
neensis, strcptopCtala
Eúryclcí amboitiénsis,
australásica, Cun-
ninghámtí
Griffiiu'tí Ayacintlitiia,
intermèdia
Htemáiithus multiflòrus
/ ’ancràiium amoe'num,
Dryäiidrt, fràgrans,
littoràle
AmarÿllLs Colvilli
Blètia capitàta
Crinuni amàbile, angus-
tifôUum, bracteàtum,
Broussonètt, con-
fértum, cruéntum,
distichum, pedmicu-
làtum, revolùtum
Ismôiie Amdncaes, Am.
sulpliùrea, ealatlii-
num, nùtans
Faneràtium declinà-
tum, cxpànsum, guiadulàtum.
vcrecûndum,
zcylànicum
Amaryllis calyptràta,
equèstri,?
Biétta flórid.a
Crinum amevicànum,
asiàtic-, Broussonètt,
Cavcyàntim, erubés-
ceiis, formòsum, mo-
luccànum, speciòsum,
snbniérsum
Grìffinta Ayaclniliìtia
lutermèdia, parviflòra
Hoemànthus multiflòrus
Faneràtium mexicà-
num, pàtens
Phycélla cyrtanthdìdes
Alstroemèria edùlis,
Salsilla
Amaryllis crocàta,
ignéscens, imperiàlis,
princeiis, patentissima
Begònia Aoraclei/è/ta,
and others
Crinum amàbilo,aquàti-
cum,dcfixum, gigan-
lèum, submérsum
Gloriósa supérba,virésc.
Hoemànthus eoe., orbic.
Faneràtium acutlfòl.
amoe'num, fràgrans,
llttoràlc, mcxicànum,
pedàlo
Amarylhscampanulàta,
compácta, crispiliòra,
equéstris, fulva,
glaucósccns, Hoódti,
lateritia, marginàta,
psittacìua, quadrieoi-,
retiflòra, retitiérvia,
spectábiiis, tricolor,
venósa
Crìnum élegans.insigne,
strictum
Hoemànthus quadrivàl-
Fancràtium guianénse
Phycélla ignea
5685.
S e c t . IV. Perennial.Herbaceous Bark-stove Plants.
HERBACEOUS BARK-STOVE P LANTS .
MiV. JUNE. JULY. AUGUST. SEPT. OCX.
Aérides odoràtum
Calla pertùsa
Cattlèya labiata
Commelìna africàna
Gcsnero bulbósa, «hni-
fòlia
Guzniàmita tricolor
Màrica Noithidtia
Caìàdium bicolor
Curcùligo orchiüides
Marica Sabiiit
Meiitzèlio áspera
Pi-liosànthes 7'S<a
Pitcairtùa sulphùrea
Uuéllia formósa
Tdcca integrifòlia
Aspidistra lùrida
Barbacènta purpùrea
Campèlia Zanònire
Cerarochìlus floribùnd.
Lobèlt'ft surinaménsis
Ü. àlbo
Màrica martiiiicénsis
Tdcca piiinatiUda
Catasètuni tridontàtum
Cattlèya Forbòsù
Dicliorizàndra oxypé-
tala, thyrsiflòra
Dionic'a Muscipula, bog
Pitcairnia integrifòlia,
latìfòUa, suavèoiens
Xiptiidtum àlbum
Amasònia erécta
Colùmnca hirsuta
Gésnero aggregàta,
Douglàsft
Màrica Sabini
Pitcairnia angustifòlia,
flàmmea, straminea
Renauthèra coccinca
5686. The propagation and cuUure of these need not be
entered on, being essentially the same as for hardy or greoii-
liousc lierbaceous plauts, the difference of temperature being
taken into consideration. Such as have tuberous roots must
be treated on tiic same principle as tubers iu the ojien garden,
aa, for example, tliose of Corydàlis tuberósa, anemone», &c.,
whicli have Hielr regular seasons of rest.
5687. The Gloribsa supèrba, thatgrand, beautiful, tuberous-
rooted stovo plant, for want of attention to the nature of its
roots and its habit of growth, seldom produces flowers in this
country. “ Its failure,” John Sweet observes, “ arises chiefly
from the defective method in wliicli its roots are preserved
during Hieir inaction, and ft'om the want of proper treatment
w h ^ tliey flrst vegetate in the spring, injured at these
periods, tiie piants generally continue through the summer,
weak and unnromisiug, tlirowing up only a few small stems,
■which do not flower in sufficient strength and beauty.” Under
tho following management Sweet lias liad perfect success, and
has known a single root grow 10 ft. in the course of a season,
with numerous blossoms upon it. When tlic stalks and foliago
have decayed in the autumn, and left the root like a well-
ripened potato, in a dormant state. Hie pot containing it must
bo removed from tlie bark-bed to the top of the hothouse flue,
a t some distance from the fire, all Hie warmth necessary at
this timo being merely what is suflicicnt to keep the earth in
the pot free from damp; and, to prevent the wateiinga of tho
house, or other moisture, falling on tlie eartii in tlic pot, it
sliould bo covered, by inverting upon it another pot of tho
same size; or, if larger, it will hang over its edges and more
effectually exclude the wet. If the tubers are small, two or
tliree may be placed togetlier in the same pot, whilst in their
dormant state; but if tlicy aro thus shiftcil, the mould must
be well shaken down in the put, in order to prevent the access
of air to tlioni: the old mould in which they grew must also
be used; for fresh eartli or sand would stimulate tlicm to move
too early. About the second week in Marcli, tlic roots must
be planted, putting one or two, according to tlieir .size, into pots
measuring 6 in. over. The best compost for tliem is fresh
loam, mixed with an equal quantity of bog-eartli of good
quality: the loam sliould be good, not over rich with dung,
nor too heavy. The roots are to be covered aliout 2 in. deep,
and care must be taken not to break them, unless nature has
shown where it is practicable to divide tliem easily. The pots,
when filled, must bo plunged into the bark-bed, where the
heat sbould be equal to 95° of Fahrenheit’s scale. Water is
to be given very sparingly at flrst; and though, as thoy grow,
they will require a more liberal supply, yet it is neeessary
a t all times, to be very moderate in giving it. The heat must
bo well kept up; and as Hie shoots extend they must be
supported by sticks, or trained in any direction ou wire or
cords. {Hort. Trans., voi. iii, p. 23.; and Gard. Mag., vol. iii.
p. 140.)
■I K
ill'