¥ • 4
274 HISTORY OF GARDENING. P art I.
castles In Ireland has been executed by Johnson of Dublin were the joint prodnctions
of Lord and Lady Charlcvillc. Walker mentions Marino, Castletown, Carton, Cnrrnpli-
morc tho retreat of St. Woolstans, and Moira, ns exhibiting the hnest gardon-sccnery in
Ireland. Powcrscouit, and Mucrnss, near tho lakes, are rcekoncd the most romantic
residences, and are little indebted to art. Tho illibcrnlity oi the owner ot 1 owerscourt,
in sliutting it up on Sundays, has been finely ridiculed by 1 rmcc 1 uoklcr Mnskiui
(Tour &c. vol.i. p. 198.), who, passing it on a Sunday, “ pursued his way along a Ingli
wall, over which, from time to time, he east a longing aud stolon glance at the
maimilicoiit watcrfidls and cncliantiiig scenery.” St. Valon, Wa lk ers own scat, is a
beautiful littlo spot, near the well-known
village of Bray. Miss Plumtro mentions
Blarney Castle (fig. 202.), as ono of the
most enchanting spots in the world. Thcro
havo been delightful shrahberios, which
might easily be restored. The castle .stands
on a rock not very high, and below arc flue
meadows, with an ample stream flowing
through them ; thcro is plenty of wood, and
a considerable lake at a short distance from
the house, which fiirnishcs excellent tro u t;
in short, nature has left little for .art to sup-
])ly ; and yet this charming spot is deserted,
abandoned, looking wholly neglected and
forlorn (Eesidmcc in Ireland, 1817, p. 240.) Tlie seats of Mr. Bourne, and of Counsellor
West, near Dublin, arc much indebted both to art and nature, and arc among tlio most
■hf'imHfiil villii residences in Ireland. , . , .
620 TubUc gardens. Tlicre is a park at Dublin belonging to the vico-rcgal residence
and tliOTO are walks on the ramparts of LoiidoiidciTy and other towns ; bnt the
i t a l t curious mbiic gardens in Ireland are tho Hanging Gardens of Limcriek. These
contain an acre of ground, wliicli is covered with lines of arches rising m tciiaccs one
above another; the lowest tweiity-fivo foot, and the highest lorty feet Oyer those
arches is placed a layer of earth, live feet thick, and planted with «I’“'“ / ] ''''“ ? “
flowers The space under the arches is employed as collars, and lyill hold noaily 200(
hogsheads. The work was commoiiccd in 1823, and was completed m between live and
six years at an expense of nearly 1.5,0001. There are some tea gardens, one oi
two botaiflcal and horticultmul gardens, but, as far as we know, no cemetery g a rd en ^
Ireland. The country, however, is admirably adapted for every department of gaidon-
iiig, and the people ai-o equally adapted to enjoy it. , , .
621. EngUsli artists profe.ssing the modern style have been but little employed in
Ireland the common practice hcing to engage a good kitohcn-gardoner irom England,
and leave every thing to him. Sutherland was, in 1810, the local artist of greatest ic-
imte A M'Lcish settled in Ireland in 1813, and contributed to cstabksh and extend
!i bettor taste than had previously appeared. Dr. W. T. M ad cap curator of tlm Trinity
College garden, is said to excel in laying out grounds. E. Murphy and N. Niton
ai'O considered among the best of tho present ai’tists.
Sect. II. British Gardening, in respect to the Cullure o f Flowers and Plants o f Ornament.
622 Fhwers arc more or less cultivated wherever gardcuing is practised ; but a p a rticular'attention
to this department of the art can only take place iiiidor circnmstauces
of case and a certain degree of rcfmomciit. A taste for flno flowers has existed in
Holland and the Netherlands from a very remote periotl, and was early int™!««-«»
into England ; hut when that taste found its way to Scotland and Ireland is much less
certain.
SmiSECT. 1. Gardening in England, in respect to Botanic Gardens, and the Culture o f
Flowd's and Plants o f Ornament
623 The taste for florists flowers, in England, is generally supposed to have been
broindit over from Elaiidcrs with our worsted manufactures, during tho porsccntioiis ot
Dhiliu H . : and the erucltics of the Duke of Alva, in 1567, were the occasion of our rc-
coiviim through the Flomi,sh weavers, gillyflowers, carnations, and Provence roses. But
flowers’and flowering shrubs wore known and pri/.od even m Cha,ucor s time as appeal’s
from a well-known passage of that poet. An Italian poet published, m 1586, a volume
o f poems, one of which is On the Itmjal Garden; irom this poem it would appeal that
Ouocn Blimhctli was attached to the culture of flowers; but few are named cither m these
poems, or in the description of Theobalds. Parterres seem to have been introduced in
the beginning of Queen Eli/.abcth’s reign, and also the tuhp, and the damask and musk
Rook I. ENGLISH BOTANIC GARDENS. 2 7 5
roses. The cabbage rose, and several other species were, however introduced mnel,
a S e e a r a a ' apotliceaiy, a np u’■n cipal collector and propagator of tnlip.s, for twenty yGeaarst abr?i“n gai nLgo nfdocrtmh
erery season new p ants of sundry coloursftiot before‘ s!en, all which io describe m rticularly
wcic to roll Sisyphus s stone, or number tho .sands ”
tthhee DDui'kikee otaf Somerset, at Syon IIou.sc, i™n the heginniiig of tIh?«is’’ *c»on ™tm -Ty. nglIatn wd aiss tnhhaiet eodf
i ' X b o S r ' ^ f as t i r L t n olroiin
is 19? ? 7 .1 7 ! al Eisn, where, as we liavo already
wit i t . rm 'ta n f « t i " bTst botanic gardens were formed. After being some yca ií
T n ta i and died f l i Z ^ f ’l r ‘‘'“™ ®yon House to Wells, where he liad a rich
gaiueii, and died thcro in 1508. hrcqncnt mention is made of the garden of Himli
Morgan apothecary to Queen Elizabeth, by L'Obcl and Gerard. aÍ^^oi? this time
liig iig a ti T n " ' “ ?1 of Eftvard Saiiitloo, in Somer.sotshiro ; James Cocl, at
T , n ™ ‘‘0 Eranquevillc, mcrcliiuit in
Eüiidon. lio m the care of the latter, Parkinson observes, “ is sprunsr tho oreatost stnivi
that IS now floimshmg in this kingdom.” Gcrai-d liad a fine garden in Holborn in the
i ? ) r n ? oonfftD f t which thcro is a catalogue in the British Museum’, dated
M tLaonnfdeomn , “?giro?atrly* m1 l o“ve with rare' oalniod- l,a iGr efrloawrde rms,e fnotiro wnsh iNchio hhoe hdiso tLhe tcea,r acf mnlcliy’c slueinndt
,y, e Y “ “'’f t a ''" 'S a servant there, at Aleppo, and in many other coimtrics ; for which
myself, and tlio whole land, are nmcli bound unto him.” Tlio some author also gives
I “o b e f bn’. ? h f ^ ? " S b , Lord Edward Zoueh, who, assisted by the celebrated
i r i g ? c i ? f w L’n T ? C™8taiitmoplo, and to Lord Ilunsdcn, Lord
h l t a tH ? f ' ’ ''’‘‘'’b “ isw o rtliy o f triple honour for his caro
Ì O ? , . f ’” ‘■“ ‘■0 and cnrions tilings from the farthest pints of
tlleworld. (^Pulteney's Sketches, p. 125.) Lord Edward Zouch had a s c a t at Ihickiicr
bi i n ? f T f 1 ' " " ™P™'nn«n‘al gardening, and in stndying tho science ta
botany, of wliioh ho was so great au ciicoiirngcr that ho cultivated a physio garden in
H i t d f i f l i t ^ n i i i s T f l" snpcrintciidciice of it to L ’Obel. Sir
o-n, 1 Garden o f E ,k n , says that Lord Edward Zouch, when laying out liis
ftc tc suciics; “PI’’“ “ «* of f 'n 'V yoats’ g iw tl i with corn-
625 In the beginning o f the seventeenth eentury, flowers and curious plauts appear to
have been veiy generally cultivated. William Coys, of Stubbers in Es.se.¿, had a mmlen
taiich, L Obcl and Gerard inform us, was well .stored with cxotic.s. Uiidor his c’arc tiré
? q 7 “ ii ' i*°ftorcd m England, in 1004 ; but it was cultivated by Gerard as early as
fiist b o X f h n f i t"“' Í with him. P la tt’s FIm-a’s Paradise beautifid, whieh is the
4 a g a a s n g r i . i - i S . j ' s =
ih ta h »0 --P ---« * ‘O «»<1
loQ N ■‘fPi. V ” ■ 1-------T " ' ’ g c i iu s . - (¡Zinetciies, ¿fee. vol.ii.
hm-nr?Vi f 1 Î T / ’ was tlicn very rare, and considered as a tender plant
r î l Î “ of tho winter by easting a blanket over tho top
i i . ? d in r j i ® i f ° O"'y.‘'0 fo « "P “8 “ curiosity. Grconliouso plants were
placed 111 cellars, wlicre they lost their leaves, but those of such as survived sliot out
again iii spring when removed to the open air.
settling tllcic. bir J . E. Smith (Linn. Trans., vol. ii. p. 296.) mentions a play callod
Rhmlmi and In s , ivhich was acted at tho florists’ feast at Norwich, in 1637 ; a proof
that the culture of flowers was m groat estimation there at that time; and in 1671
Evelyn mentions Sir rhomas Brown’s garden there, as containing a paradise of rarities
and the gardens of all the inhabitants as full of excelleiit flowers. Prom Norwich tiré
t i ? S ’ r™ ’? “ ™’® Pft’c sp tc ad to otlicr manufactiiriiig establishments; and tho
S c I r e t a i ’^ B T “' ’’T “ Spitalfields,
n n ? ’ ™ 1 commercial towns iu Lancnshiro, and many in
Mmoit i ’J ? ‘'" ‘’ .f tp " ' "Ijfti'ic g counties. A florists’ society is established in
nliiiost eveiy town and village in the nortliern districts. Those societies liavo annual
m m S lD m m “ '’ The Flower Book, is puWislied
annually 111 Manchester, containing an account of their transactions, the prizes which
have been given, and tho new flowers which have been originated
tin’f L . f Eaudeidalc’s, liad famous parterres and orangeries at
tins time. Sir Henry Capel had a very fine orangery and mvrtctum at Itaw ; and
Li dy Chu’cndon, who, Evelyn informs us, was w’ell skilled in flowers, had an rém le
collection at SwaUowficld in Berkshire. P
T 2
h' t.i