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IIALF-IIARDY ANNUAL BO RD E Il-FLOW ERS — co«¿m«ócí.
HâghtfromOto^qfaft. Froxn!¡qf a font lo Ifoot. From Ifoolio l^foot. From lè/ooi to ‘¿feet. From 2 feet upwards.
PURPLE,
(iiilihea procùmbens
lleiiópliíla liüf'órinis
Monópsis conspicua
VARIEGATED.
Anagàllis Welibiàna
Helió|iliila amplexicaùlis
himnàiithes Doiiglàsi
Petùnia intermèdia
GREEN.
/•hamàceuBi umbellh-
PURPLE.
Cùphea viscosis.«ima,
circiEiiìdci, virgàta
Indigófera /itiifùlia
.Nierembérgia lilieaùlis
VARIEGATED.
.•Vrctòtis flàccida
Gynandrópiis pulcliélla
Salpiglóssis straminea
Scliizàiithus i>innàtus
hùiiiiUs
GREEN.
Nicotiàiia hùmilis
PURPLE.
Callistémma horténse,
purp. purple quilled
Nemóphila aurlta
Zinnia élegans
VARIEGATED.
Callistémma liorténse
purple-striped, red-
striped
Mirábilis Jalàpa striped
Clirysánüiemum cariiià.
GREEN.
NicotiJna Laiigsdórft'ii
PURPLE.
Caiandrinitt grandiflòra
Daliira Mète!
Benècio élegans
Salpiglóssis atropurpúrea
VARIEGATED.
Salpiglóssis pietà, Barcl.
Schizànthus pinnàtus,
GREEN.
Ricinus, inérmis, viridis
PURPLE.
Ipomce’a purpùrea
Labldvia vulgàris
Frfimia phcenicea
Maiirànayà Barciaydna
VARIEGATED.
Adlìimfa cirrhòsa
Ch.isinònia incìsa
Ipomce'a discolor
Moluccella las'vis
GREEN.
Ricinus armàtus, comm.
Zèa Mihjs
5491. Propagaiiim and ciUlnre qf half-hardy annual .flowers.
These are raised from seed, wliicli is sown in Marcli in a liot-
lied; and the plants, when an inch or two high, are uans- Slanted into another bed of very moderate temperature. Here
ley may remain till tbe middle of May, or till all danger from
frosty nights is over, and be then transplanted to where they
are to iiower in tho borders, and be treated in all respects as
hardy annuals.
5492. Tl» save seeds. In dry seasons, most sorts will ripen
been well' forwarded in spring, anti pianted in a Jry soit and
warm situation, the seeds will not be matured. In such cases,
a hand-glass supported over llie flowers is of use; or some plants
may lie removed with balls into large pots, and placed in an
airy pit, frame, or green-house. In tlie northern and western
counties, where the climate is cold and moist, iialf-hardy an.
nunls never rii>on their seeds in any year; and supplies are
therefore annually obtained from the London seedsmen.
S e c t. I II. Flowers fo r particular Purposes.
5493. The particular purposes to which flowers are sometimes applied, may be either the concealment
of local defects, or the production of local beauties. Among the former may be classed, covering naked
walls, posts, parts of ruins, or other upright objects ; concealing horizontal defects, as naked sub-barren
spots, unsightly banks, &c., producing vegetation under the shade and drip of trees : among the latter
ornamenting water with flowering plants; ornamenting rocks, or assemblages of stones formed in imitation
of r o c k s ; - “ ------------------------ ’ ’ •
b o rd e rs ;
flowers for . _ _ __ __________ _____________..................
the Journal o f the Royal Institution for September, 1829
Su b se c t. I. Flowers which reach fiom five to seven feet in height fo r covering naked
Walls, or other upright Deformities, and fo r shutting out distant Objects which it is
desirable to exclude.
5494. The Jlowers suited fo r covering upright deformiiies are the climbers and ttvining plants* the
irmer to be supported by spray or trelliswork, or nailed in the manner of wall-trees, and the latter bv
)ds. We shall select a few_ species of each class, and to them th e botanist will easily be able to add
former
rods. _____ ____ .. __ OT,.........OT.____
others from the more extensive catalogues.
Climbers, perennial. Atragène alpina,
Bryònia dioica, Clématis Vióma, Vi-
ticélla ; Làthyrus latifòlius, sylvéstris,
grandiflòrus, pisifdrmis ; Ficia syl-
vdtica; Caldmpelis scàbra: Passiflòra
cterìilea, Poly'gonum scàndens.
Climbers, biennial. Adlùmia cirthòsa.
Vicia biénnis.
Climbers, annual. Cysticdpnos africàna,
Dinètus racemòsus ; Làthyrus, or sweetpea,
9 sorts ; I)iom<»’a batbfgera ; Tro-
pieMlum màjus, minus ; Corydàlis
claviculàta; Vicia atropurpúrea, Nis*
soliàna.
Climbers, half-hardy annuals. Cùc.umis
Colocjnthis, nxuìuim, llexuòsus. Mau-
ràndya Barciayàna, SMphdnthus volù-
bilis, Zexmènia iageff/iòra.
Twining plants, annual. Lahldvxa vulgàris,
Fhasèolus multiflónis
b
Twining plants, perennial. Calystègia
sèpium and flòre rùbro; Convólvulus
althteoides, arvénsis; Hùmulus Lùpu-
lus, Tàmus commùnis (10 feet high).
Twining plants, half hardy annuals.
Ipomce'a purpùrea, var. b. incarnàta,
e. leucàntha, d. vària, e. elàtior, coc-
cfnea, and phcenicea; Lophospérmum
erubéscens, Coboe'a scàndens.
S u b s e c t . 2 . Flowers fo r concealing Defects on horizontal Surfaces : as naked svh-harren
Spots, unsightly Banks, §*c.
5495. The flowers suited fo r covering horizontal deformities are creepers and trailers, of which we shah
here bring together the names o fth e most common sorts ;__
Creepers and trailers which are perennials.
A(¡uga réptans, var. fio. álbo;
A'nthemis nóbilis, var. flò. pièno ;
Arenàriainonfàna, saxátilis; Aspérula
odoràta, taurina, tinctòria ; Cerastium
Jaffùlium, rèiiens; Circce'a alpina, lu-
tetiàna; Diànthus deltSides; Fragà-
ria indica, vésca, monophylla; Gàlium
ooreàle; GypsópJiila prostràta, rèpens ;
«edjsarum obscùrum, «ieràcium aurantìacum,
Pilosélla ; Lysimàchia
Nummulària, némorum ; Fhàca austràlis,
Verbéna radicans ; Potentina
rjSptans, aùrea, vérna; fiùbia cordi-
folla, tinctòrum; Sagina procùmbens,
Saxífraga Aypnóides, Tormentilla réji-
Vatàntia chersonénsfs, cruciàta, vérna ;
Vinca herbácea, màjor, minor.
Creepers a,td trailers, hardy annuals.
Medicàgo intertéxta, orbicub'uis, scii-
tcllàta; Momórdica Blatèrìum, Resèda
odoràta ; Trojiic'olum màjus,
minus ; Asperùgo procùmbens.
Creepers and trailers, haij'-hardy annuals.
Cùcumis, the three species enumerated
as climbers ; Monópsis conspicua, No-
iàua paradóxa, prostràta, tenélla ; Nemóphila
aurlta, Petùnia phcenicea ;
Eschschóltzia califomica, cròcea.
Su b se ct. 3. Flowers which will grow under the Shade and Drip o f Trees.
5406. Flowers which toill thrive under trees are of particular value. In improving neglected flOB’er-
gardens and pleasure-grounds, it is a common complaint th at new things cannot be brought forward, on
account of the shade and drip of trees. This section, and the corresponding one of hardv shrubs, will, it
IS hoped, aid in removing th at complaint, which can only have arisen from ignorance of foe native habit-
utions ot plants. It is proper to observe, however, th at there is scarcely any, indeed we mav sav, no
plant, th a t will thrive under a dense evergreen flr tree clothed with branches down to near the surface •
moss IS all that can bo there expected ; or, if somewhat open, the pyrola, box, and juniper will exist.
Where trees are so dense, however, no plant or shrub can be desired under them.
Perennials. Anemòne nemoròsa and var. Mercuriàif, perénnis; Monàrda dídy-
flò. pièno, pennsylvàniea, ranuncu- ma, fistulòsa ; Origanum vulgàre;
loldes -, A'rum maculàtum, A'sarum O'robus angustifòlius, ¿athyraides, tuberòsus,
niger, sylvàticus, vérnus ;
J’olygónatum muitiflòrum, verticillà-
tum : Primula acaùUs,vèris, elàtior, el.
polyánthos; Ranùnculus auricomus.
Sàlvia sylvéstris, Sambùcus E'bulus,
Saponària officinàlis. Saxífraga umbrosa,
Scabiòsa sylvàtica, Spirtn'a
Arùncus ; Stellària gramínea, némorum,
TeùcriumScortólònia; Vicia du-
mctòrum, sylvàtica ; Viola canina.
-Duliis. A'iliuin liiieùrc, ursliiutn, and
europoe'um ; Aspérula loevigàta, odoràta
; A'iropa Belladònna, Betónica
officinàlis : Circæ'a alpina, lutetiàna ;
and var. fòlii.s variegàtis,.......
Gerànium sylváticum, var. flò.
Gèum uTbàmim,rivàle,pùIchrum ; //el-
lébonis viridis; «ypéricum hirsùtum.
Imperatòria OsirCitfiium, Làthyrus tuberòsus
; Lysimàchia ciliàta, vulgaris ;
several others ; Cròcus vérnus. Fritillària
imperiàlis, melèagris ; Corvdàlis
bulliòsa, Galànthus nivàlis, Erànthis
hyemàlis, Scilla nonscripta ; O'phrys
apifera, muscifeta, aranifera; (rrchis
maculàta, militàris, O'xalis Acetosèlla,
Sanguinària canadénsis, Platanthèra
bifòlia; Ornithógalum umbellàtum.
Biennials. Cynoglóssum officinàle, syl-
vàticum, Digitàlis purpùrea, flò. àllÌo,
Monàrda punctàta.
Ilnrdy tinnuals. Antirrliinum Oron-
lium, Brtia màxima, impàtiens Nòli
me Ungere, biflòra, pàllida,parviflòra.
S u b se c t. 4. Flowers fo r ornamenting Pieces o f Water, or planting Aquariums.
5497. Flowers fo r water or watery~places are of two kinds ; aquatics, to plant in the water and marsh
plants, to plant round the margin ot th e pond, stream, or aquarium. The shape and size of the aouarium
{fig. 920.) must depend on the extent and style of the flower-garden of which it forms a part In
cases the bottom, if not naturally retentive, must be rendered so by a stratum of tempered {or puddledl
clay (fl) ; the side should be formed in terraces, or steps descending towards the centre (¿), to hold pots
of plants wluch grow m shallow water, while those th a t require deep water, as the bulrush typha &c
may be planted in foe ground, or in large tubs placed in deep water. The margin of the aquanum’raav
either be finished with regular masonry or brickwork ; or, what, in some situations, has a better effect
With rough stones, conglomerated vitrified bricks, or flints (c), in the interstices of which marsh plants’
will thrive exceedingly. The whole may be surrounded b y a drain and gravel-walk (¿), raised a few inches
above the level of the water. Many of the aquatic plants, as Nymphaa'a, Niiphar, Jl/enyanthes, Villarsfa
i/Citomus, Hottbnffl, &c., are highly beautiful; and, considering that some exotic species, as Amarfllij
I.obeh'fl, Crinum, &c. (5454.), will th n v e in water in our climate, the aquarium ought not to be wantine in
any flower-garden. (See a section of an aquarium in Gcvd. Mag., vol. viii. p. 84.; vol. x . p. 326., andafigure
in the latter place of a very useful hook for suspending pots of aquatic plants in water.)
5498. Propagation and cvJtwre. They are propagated by seeds or dividing the root : the seeds beine
sown and placed under the water. In other respects they require the same general treatment as other
herbaceous plants. Some useful remarks on the treatment of the more rare nympliaias and nunhars bv
Kent, will be found in the Horticultural Transactions, vol. iii. p. 24. (See also Mr. Mallet’s remarks on
the subject of aquariums, and the culture of foe plants contained in them, in Gard. Mag., vol. viii. p. 84.)
5499. AQUATIC P LA N T S W IT H SHOWY FLOWER S .
UED.
Bquisètum fluviàljle
Hydrocótyle vulgàris
YELLOW.
Cáltha flabellifòlia, minor,
palùstris and pièno, radicans
Lysimàchia thyrsiflòra, vulgàris
BLUE.
Myosòti» palùstris, coesifitôsa
Verónica Beccabilnga
GREEN.
TriRlòchin marítimum,
palustre
BROWN.
8cheuchzèria palùstris
"otamogèton lfùùcceens
RED.
Bùtomus umbellàlut
Bquisètum paìùstre
Myriophjllum spicàtum
WHITE,
Actinocàrpus Damasònium
Cáltha nàtans
Hydrócharis mórsusrànaì
Nymphie'a àlba, odoràta
Bheliàndrium aquàticum
Ranùnculus /ledcràceus,
fluviàtili*
Btratiòtes aloSides
Verònica scutellàta
Viliàrsia indica, laciniòsa
YELLOW.
Cáltha flabellifòlia, pamassiffi.
Nasturtium amjihíbiuni, nà-
tans, sylvéstre
Ranùnculus Lingua, b. fl. pie.
Rùmex aquàticus
Utriculària mèdia, vulgàris
Yillàrsia cordàta
BLUE.
Pontedèn'a cordàta t., angustifòlia
t.
Verònica Anagàllis
GREEN.
A'corus Càlamus
Myrioplijllum verticillàtuin
Fotamogèton dénsum
BROWN.
Fotamogèton lùc.,pect,lance.
Scirpus maritiinus, &c.______
RED.
«ippùris vulgàris
Hottònta palùstris
Foljgonum amphibium,nilót.
Verónfea Anagàllis coról. rùb.
WHITE.
Alisma nàtans, FJantàgo.
Gàlium paìùstre, uliginòsum
Hottònj'a palùstris corólla àlhà
Menyántlies trifoliàta, b. a—
ricàna
Nympliie’a nitida, minor,
odoràta:
(Enánthe fistulòsa
■'agittària sagittKfòiia, latifòlia,
ò. flòre pièno
Stratiòtes aloóides
YELLOW.
J'ris Pseudàcorus, b. pàllido-
Jussife'a grandiflòra
’‘'•'--har advena, Kalmiàna,
.uiea, pùmila, sagitttefòlia
Utriculària minor
Villérsia nymphieüides
BLUE.
Pontedèrfa angustifòlia t.
Verònica Anagallis
GREEN.
Ceratophjllum demérsum,
submérsum
RED.
Biàtine hexándra
Hydropéltis ]
Foijgonuni.
is purpùri»
n Hydrópiiper
WHITE.
Cicùta viròsa, bulbifera
Biàtine Hydrópiper
JVvmphoe'a pygmoe'a, álba,
nitida
Fhellándrium aquàticum
Fòa aquàtica
Slum rèpens, latifòlium,
angùstifòlium
YELLOW.
Nùphar ICaliniàna, pùmila,
sagittoefôlia
Fotamogèton nàtans
Spargànium simplex,
ramòsum, nàtans
Zizània aquàtica
BLUE.
Lobèlia Dorimànna
PURPLE.
Alisma ranunculóides, rèpens
Fèplis Pórtula
cirpus flùitans, iacùs,tri quet.
Jpha latifòlia, anigguussttiiffò6Uliaa I|
5Ii00. Marsh plants. Some of these have been given as border-flowers, and will grow in almost any
situation ; but others, as foe zf'corus, Comarum, Littorella, &c., will not grow vigorously and flower
unless their roots are in soil constantly saturated with water. ’
6601. MARSH P LANT S W ITH SHOWY FLOWER S . — MAY AND JU N E .
Height from 0 io.J of a fi. From J qfa foia to I foot. From 1 foot to IJ foot. From l i foot to 2 feet. From 2 fed upwards.
RED
Pingufcula hisitùnic.n
/ ’oljgoinim vivyiarum
rrimula farinósa
WHITE,
'inrdàmine amàra,
hirsùta
"ìnguicula .alpina
Friinula farinósa white
RED.
Fediculàri.« incarnàta
Foiygonum Bistòrta
WHITE.
Aldrovánda vesicniòsa
Cai-dámine granulósa
TolièMi'a pùbens
Baxifraga irrigua
RED.
LJchnis Flós-cùculi,
fl. pi.
Pediculàris atrórubens
Foljgonum mite
WHITE.
CEnánthe globífern,
peucedanifòlia
RED.
Cùmarum palustre
WHITE.
CEnánthe fistulosa, pim-
piuclioìdes
RED.
Epilòbium angustifô-
lium, hirsùtum
Lÿthrum Salicària
Scrophulària aquàtica
WHITE.
E)iilòbium aiigustifò-
lium fl. àlb.
CEnánthe iipUfòUa,
crocàta
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