2 ' ri'
I
1 " I
f re r a te n to a lR u u Iv c d acres
■with onc or more journeymc , . P ‘ 7 kitchen and flowxr gardens of places of
assistance of tL shrubberf also is
this sort are gcneially good, and , . «hmhs and trees • and, as the proprietor is
oareMfy laid out -n u a i cxpcnHJe. Tho
generally an opulent »“™®> ¡, (^^,¡1 y no limits put to the dung, implements,
gardeners at fe“®®® if™ S \ J and left more entirely to their own discretion
structures, or #tlemcn. Their responsibility is, therefore, so
than those in the set vice fe fefefe " ' „ jf t h e y do not excel in their art, and,
much the greater, and they fefe i , fe their charge in the utmost order and
above all things, in keeping the tyfe® fe , jj ^ gardener has got into such
neatness. It frequently happens, however, ‘ fe “ fefefefe fefe „f family, he
a situation, and beeome i-tyfefefefefefe' / “ ¿ ¿ d v .Z r L Z i.e. without caro), and.
begins to consider ins the productions of the euirent year shatyurpass
instead of arduously »“ ““ » f e # “ f e l J ' „nd more to the enjoyments of his em-
those of the year past fe“?g fefetyfefe the object of his
players, he fefefe f e , ¿ e l i g l i t and astonish his family, is ultimatdy lowered to
ambition, which ought to indifference, hronght on by plenty and
11,“is Z ;iSL ‘Xfefefe® if tlrnZm d'Znlo
ing that they spare no expense, ., j„„,nanson with home, ought never to bo neglected
sort of obseiwation when abroad, and fe f e “ fefe thoir duty. The deficioneies
by those who wish to keep servants of fefefefefefefefe fet ffione hit their excellencies
and bad points of other pfe®?® fefe P ^ „„fe own ; and where a failure happens
should always be prtmnlmasty t i e r e d Z the miter’s superiority in that par-
L t . r d s # r . , t , r ; ™
i l T g l Z Z r e t n Z S l S t h l d e s ; a him consign him to this nurseryman,
with such a eharacter as he may be fefefefe/ f e k ^ p t , so much of its beauty
6347. On * " fe fe r“ " r in the course of this
and effect depends, that, often as ''fe excellent gardeners work, we must agam advetyo it fetofy fe® are deficient m ^th e^s„em praarr-y
ticulars, from causes winch, at first gardens, and daily inspecting
®ffect ; Changes which tfee place in
every part of them. Ihe consecpeuoe ’ o-radual as not to be observed, and
the growth, decay, or fefefefefefefe/ fen days, sfems the same thing tbe twentieth
that an object seen twice e\ery day J riorson who has only seen it two or
time which it did the first, when, in collection of
Every day, as he enters the fefefefe , plants, all fresh, and free from weeds
(that is, tho idea recurs), a stage of new y fe ¿,g decayed leaves he never
L d decayed leaves, and wanting f e f e ® " ^ fe oL wlio has not seen them
thinks of looking for, but waters ® pj^yed; and though, perhaps, the same
for a few days, is struck with the fefe™fe y fe fe department in the same residence,
- . 1, - 1. « » . 1
coiTectly stated ; an d wo th in k , th e ^ ^ f w h a t is u n d e r th eir care
sents itself. Lo t in aste r-g a id cn e some
every day a t th e sume ^ ^ v a ry th e time an d o rd er o f th eir visits. L e t
days, occasionally omit th e ''h o le , , L g^ch scenes a re in order, go imthem,
also, instead of going loun _ i-,Qa order i n s e a r c h of particular sorts of weeds,
pressed with the idea of finding them ^ c . It may seem ludiof
decayed, damaged, or P night instead of during d a y b u t we
r p iin Z d lilz Z g T - z
present them in such a new aspect, as would prohalily show deformities or deficiencies.
It is a common observation of servants, that after their master has bcen a day or two
confined with illness, or on the morning after an evening of dissipation, he is generally
very apt to find fault aud be cross, and difficult to please. This is actually the case,
and is satisfactorily accounted for without reference to humour or temper : the m^ter
sees faults which before escaped him, because the machinery of his faculties has been
deranged, and he sees difrercntlv. But why does he see faults rather than beauties ?
Because it is his business to seek for them ; and this impression being habitual on his
mind the strongest images reflected by the eye are of that nature. ^
6349. Visiting neighbouring gardens is another important part of a head gardeners
duty. This should be done with a view not only to order and neatness, but also to good
culture, intelligence as to the state of gardenmg, &c.: he should not limit his visits to
those near him, but include all the principal gardens for forty or fifty miles round; and
he should, at least once a year, visit the capital or the metropolis, to miorra himselt, by
means of the nurserymen, and among tho numerous first-ratc gardens that are always
found round Capital cities, the horticultural societies, and agricultural libraries, ot what
is going on in the gardening world. , .
6350. Themansionanddemesne (6204.) is less common than the villa near large towns,
but is more so in the country. The proprietors are sometimes commercial men, but
more generally country gentlemen. The extent of these residences vanes from a hundred
to a thousand acres, or upwards, and, in addition to the park and gardens, they contmn
a home or family farm managed by a bailiff. The garden-scenery, as in the case of a '
villa is managed by a head gardener, sometimes more circumscribed m his operations,
but always respectably provided for, both as to his person and garden. The worst point
attending residences of this description is, that the business of gardener and bailift is,
sometimes in England, and often in the other districts of the empire, united ; and the
consequence almost universally is, that the business of both situations is very mipertectly
performed. The master’s object in attempting this union is obviously the sav-mg (ft a
bailiff’s wages, which, though an apparent saving, is not always so ultimately, ilie
gardener and bailiff cannot be present at one time, both in the garden and on the farm;
he mnst pass alternately from the one to the other, and it may be questioned whether
the time lost in his absence from both, while going between them or to market, and
from the one while on the other, does not more than counterbalance the wages of a baifrft,
independently of any other consideration. But the loss b()th to the farm ainl the garden,
in cases of this sort, though not verv obvious at first sight, is very considerable when
details are entered on. No man brought up as a gardener can at once become a good
bailiff; and admitting that he may become onc in time, yet he acquires his experience
at his master’s expense. It is generally imagined that a gardener makes a good arable
farmer : but this he does not become without experience ; for though he may know
what good culture is, and may bring the fields of corn or green crops under his charge
into a state of good cultivation, yet he may do this at much too great an expense to
afford any profit. The management of arable land, however, is but a smaU part ot a
bailiff’s duty ; the grand object is the breeding, rearing, fattening, buying, and selling
of live stock ; and a knowledge of these parts of fanning cannot be acquired ■\vithout
several years’ experience. In the mean time, the losses to the master by bad marketing
must be most considerable. Suppose the gardener and bailiff goes to purchase a lew
scores of sheep, and a dozen of oxen for feeding, every grazier knows that on the nature
of the/cc/alone, which no man can communicate to another by description, much ot
the value of the animal depends. But a gardener knows nothing of this feel, ancl the
tact of discovering it is not to be acquired but after such a course of experience as no
pnident master, who knows any thing of the subject, would wish a bailift to acquire in
his serrice. As much might be said on the con-ectness of judgment required m selecting
animals to breed together, and in the shrewdness essential for advantageous mai-ketmg ;
the latter, a duty totally inconsistent with the retired habits of a gardener.
6351 TJiat some gardeners may become good b n iim ive readily allow because a man
rtfaZfeA ViffiViZitte to the garden. We have never yet known an instance wnere cne auties ui uuli
ii??, were S n e r f o ^ ^ by t L same person, but in such cases we have almost universally found
¿ o u r th e garden and in th e products expected from.them. T h at the master is content is
no proof fo the contrary, for knowing no better, he naturally considers ‘ „ „Q^d
6352. From the country-gentleman's gardener, who does ^'^(Timte to kis d u t i ^
Heal is evnected • he mustltnow his profession w e ll; he cannot probably from limited extent means
all he could wish or th a t a garden should afford, but what he undertakes to raise, he must raise
kindsand season, and the
rannni likp the citizen’s gardener, have recourse to Covent Garden, or, like th e vUJa-garaener, sur
rounded bv neighbours borrow from them melons, mushrooms, or asparagus, in ctyes of emergen y.
He h a , o i l d S f a S Y h i c h does not belong to either of these classes of garcieners, th a t of packing and
sending fraits and other garden products to town when the family reside there.
6353. The mansion-residmce may be considered as includmg aii tiiose between the
f e i ' «