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273
out, was, perhaps, cliiriiig the lifetime of its late proprietor, the finest small place in En g land
; and the tburtli (fig . 274.) a small lodge, also designed by Mr, Lamb, for a villa
in Kent. Tho bailiff’s
cottage, serving also
as a porter’s lodge,
Avas erected in Ireland,
and is taken
from that excellent
work, Hunt’s Tudoi'
Architecture. “ It
is designed,” Mr.
Hunt observes, “ ra ther
to produce an
agreeable and picturesque
effect, than
to accord with any
fixed rules or customs
of a r t : such,
indeed, was the practice towards the latter end of the sixteenth century, wlien it would
appear that, like the fiishion of tho present day, cA-ory man wished to display his taste
and iGcyning in architecture. The entrance to the park is formed by a simple wooden
gate within an arched aperture, strengthened by buttresses ; Avhich, as tliey ai-e obviously
useful, may be appropriately introduced.” (p. 87.) The ground plan o f fig . 272. is in
the form of a cross; one projection fonning the fi'ont entrance, and containing a lobby and
staircase, and the opposite one contaming a back kitchen. On entering the main body of
the house, there are a Idtchen to the left, and a parlour to the right. The staircase leads
doAvn to tAvo good cellars, and up to four bed-rooms. The gardener’s house at Redleaf
(fig. 275.) Avas erected from a design by the late proprietor, who not only made tho
general sketch, bnt the working draAvings of all the parts. Tlie Avork was executed by
his OAvn carpenter and bricklayer, from materials found on the estate. The plan is
somcAvhat different from
that here given (fig. 276,),
AAdiich contains an entrance
porch (a), lobby(/»), kitchen
(c), parlour (d ), family bedroom
(e), and dairy ( / ) .
From the kitchen a staircase
leads up to three sleeping
rooms in the roof, and
down to the cellar, pantry,
&c. A shed for fuel (Avhich
in that part of Kent is
chiefly Avood), and other
necessary conveniences, are
placed at a short distance.
The plan of fig. 274. is
very simple. The porch,
or lobby, has two doors,
and bctAveen them a staircase.
The door on the one
hand opens into a kitchen,
and that on the other into
a parlour, having a small
bed-room. adjoining. The
staircase leads up to two
garret bed-rooms and a
closet, all lighted from the
roof, and down to two good
cellars. These cellars are not only of great use throughout the year for keeping beer,
and as lumber rooms; but, in winter, they are also valuable for preserving roots, such
as potatoes, caiTots, &c.; and, in summer, for keeping A-arious ailiclcs of food and drink
cool and fresh. Cellars should never be Avanting in cottages,
1589, A s general principles fo r laying out villas, and all kinds o f country residences, it
m ay be'observed, th a t th e n a tu ra l a n d artificial ch aracter o f the place should ahvays be
tak e n into consideration, as well as th e w an ts an d wishes o f th e proprietor. Genei-ally,
in lay in g out viUas in th e neighbourhood o f a m an u factu rin g town, th e gardenesque
stylo is preferred, as b eing more in accordance with the taste o f th e proprietor, Avhile,
in a romantic situation in the country, th e pro p rieto r g enerally prefers the picturesque
style • th o u g h this taste in b o th cases is co n tra ry to the o rdm a iy principles o f a rt, as
tlie picturesque style would aiford a gi-eatcr contrast, and, consequently, a g reater proof
th a t a rt h a d been exercised n e a r th e tOAvn, Avhile th e gardenesque style Avould contrast
m ost forcibly with the o rd in a ry sceneiy o f th e cou n tiy . To u n d e rs tan d the diflerence
between these styles, it must be observed th a t the picturesque style is chai-acterised by
th a t irreg u la rity in forms, lines, a n d gen eral composition Avhicli avc see in n a tu ra l lan d scape
while in the gardenesque style all th e trees, shrubs, a n d p lants, a re p lan ted an d
m an ag ed in such a way th a t each m ay a iiiv e at its h ighest state o f indiv id u al perfection,
a n d display its beauties to as g rea t ad v an tag e as if it were cultivated for th at
purpose alone, Avhilo, a t the same time, th e p lan ts rclatiA’cly to one another, a n d to the
wliole scene o r place to which they belong, arc placed reg u la rly an d systematically.
1590 A s general principles fo r arranging and planting the walks through shrubberies
and pleasure-grounds, it may be observed that walks of this description rcquwc p-eat care
and skill on the part of the landscape-gardener, as they too frequently exhibit a good
deal of sameness. The ordinary mode of increasing thcir interest is by the introduction
of buildings seats, and statues, vases, and similar architcctui-al and sculptural objects,
together with baskets of rustic work. All these, Avlien introduced in moderation and
in appropriate places, produce the effect intended to a certain ex ten t; but we won d add
to the variety, aud consequently interest, of shrubbery and pleasure-ground walks, _ by
the introduction along tliem, at various distances, of what may be called botanical
episodes. For example, we Avould introduce near the Avalk, and connected with it by
subordinate walks, siicli scones as a roscry, a heatheiy, a rock garden, an American
garden a garden of British plants, gai-dens of pai-ticulaa- genera of shnibs or flowers, such
as of B\bes, B4rberis, Npiric'a, Cytisus, A'ster, Dalilm, annuals, bulbs, a garden of topiary
work, of cmbroideiy, &c. A t a certain distance from tlie house Ave would introduce a
thomery, a salictum, a juniper garden, a garden of cypresses, of hollies, &c., and, Avliere
there Avas room, a pinetum, an oak garden, an aeer garden, &c. m e th c r separate
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