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630 A R T O F G A R D E N IN G . P art I I I .
these purposes, it is liable to give a disagreeable resinous taste to the firait, and spoil its
flavour: when white deal cannot be procured, lie advises covering the shelves with
canvas. Those sorts of fruit which keep longest are generally best preserved in jars,
excluded from the air, and placed iu cold dry situations, not under 32° nor above 40°.
2193. T k e fru it-ro o m a t E rid g e Castle, Mr. Ogle informs us, has a north aspect, which
he considers best. “ The walls [as slio-wn in fiq . 659.] are 14 in. thick, and are built
hollow, three stretchers being used to one header, wliich is quite sufficient for a building
of this description. Neai” the roof arc three ventilators (a in fig . 660.), which it may be
659
sometimes necessary to use. The rafters
are cut deep, and before the roof was
slated, the plastering laths were put on,
and then the space between each rafter
was closely packed with straw, fonning a
thick thatch, beneath the slates. This,”
Ml”. Ogle continues, he considers “ a most
important point, as without the straw, the
interior would be subject to great variations
of temperature, which arc most prejudicial
to the fruit. There are several
holes in the span*ow board (c), which are
covered with pieces of perforated zinc to
keep out mice and bats, and there are
several brick gi'atings in the back wall (A)
from the upper part of the roof, so that
there is a slight circulation of air in the
roof; but in severe weather it may be necessary
to close the holes. The back part
of the interior is fitted up with latticed
shelves, made with the best white deal:
the front, with the exception of the space taken up by two windows, is filled with latticed
drawers, 6 in. deep, for the storing of choice apples and pears. There are shutters
for the inside of the windows. The door in the centre of the front is used for bringing
ill the fruit, but the one at the end opens from the seed-room, and is that most generally
used.”
2194. T he ro ot-cella r should be placed beneath the office and seed shop; and the
fr u it-c e lla r below the fruit-room, and both descended to from the lobby. The gi'cat
object is, to keep the air in these apartments cool; and always, as near as possible, of the
same degree of coolness: and for this pui-pose, the windows should be small, placed
below the ground level, and furnished with double or treble casements or sashes. These
cellars should also be approached through double doors, for the same reason. The fruit-
cellar may be fitted up with binns or ceils, like a winc-cellar, in which casks and jai-s or
sieves of fruit may be placed; and the root-cellar may have a few divisions on the
ground, to keep different roots apart, and sand, to keep them of uniform plumpness or
moisture.
2195. T h e seed-rooms o r garrets may consist of one for drying and cleaning seeds;
one for drying bulbous roots, as onions, hyacinths, &c.; and one for diying/ryfr.?, or preserving
them there. In all of these rooms there should be hooks from the roof for Iiang-
ing bundles of pot-liorbs, branches of seeds, sieves, bags, &c., and a movable table or
counter in the centre of each, with lattice-sheives below, for holding sieves of roots, seeds,
B o o k I. ECONOMICAL BUILDINGS.
or fruits. A. very small winnowing machine,
and a couple of grooved cylinders to act as a
threshing macliine, or a Meikle’s hand threshing
machine (fig . 661.), worked by two men,
may be added to the seed-room Supposing
these rooms to form one wing to the gardener s
house, the office opening into Ins kitchen ; then
the other wing may consist of a tool-house and
men’s living-room on the ground-floor ; cellars
for potatoes and fuel for thcir use under, and
sleeping-apartmonts over, with a door, lobby,
and stair, corresponding with tlie other wmg.
2196. T he tool-house is commonly a small
t a è S V iT t o t e ? e la i 7 d ? Z r 7 Í l 7 u ¿ in the angles promfecuously ; but in a
proper tool-room, wherever situated, there should be oontnvanoes of different “ t e ° f
Lna-ins: up the tools, so that their important parts, such as the teeth of rakes, blades of
hoes and snades &c may always be so exposed that the master may see whether oi no
Ïhey are p r o p ^ ^ There arc certain tools, of which each '^rkman a p p r o ^
onJto himseff as spades, scythes, &c.; in these cases a small space should be allotted to
o?h hhoTZn, w l his naZ affixed, &c. Watering-pots, syringes, engines, &c., sliou d
T a t their Zvable parts separated, and be reversed, iu order tha they may dram a^id
eontinue dry Lists, nails, and mat-ties, should be kept m close drawers ; piumng in
struments offed and laid horizontally on latticed shelves or pms. A grindstone and
other stones, and hones, with a rice and liles for sharpening the tines and teeth of fo
or divisions fife an outer 4 by, with a pump and exit for water, in which the workmen
may wash them hands on entering to their meals, and the party who acts as eook or
servant Ihich is generally taken hy turns, may wash, scour, &c.; secondly, thocookm^
and living room, in which should he an economical kitchen-range, with an oven and
boiler included and proper closets, cupboards, tables, &c., to expedite and simpbfy
cooldng • and thirdly, the bedroom over, where the bedsteads should be of non, nawe^j
-ind without curtains, and for not more than one person. To each bed tlieie “ ould
be a smaU clotbes-press, in which should be kept the linen, &c., belonging to etoi hed,
? d Z wlfeh teocerlpier ought to be rendered responsible. ^ s for
edible roots should be formed below. It is a comm^on pracace “ plae® Z J ?® L ?
workmg gardeners behind the hothouses, or some high wall, m what is called a back
shod Ttoc in ono ill-ventUated apartment, with an earthen or bnok floor, the whole
7 rinerf 5 oWn? cleaning. eatm¿ and sleeping is perfoi-med, and young men me
rendered familiar with filth and vei-miii, and lay the toundatioii of future diseases, hy
bi-oathing unwholesome ah, and checking the ammal functions by cold and dam^ How
m f e ? fan expect any good service from men treated worse than horses, it is ihfficult to
? ? n e ! but the casé is tenfold worse, when head-gardencrs and then- families areoom-
pelkd to’ lodge in these shed-houses. Independently of filth and incommoffiousness the
fiothor never fails to contract, cai-ly in life, rheumatism or ague ; and it is only the
exti-cme healthfalness of the employment of gardening, and the consequent lagour of
r : ? ? » can ward o f tV Z later day sbnilar diseases fi-om the fathers and
house maffoZ a centre-, the offleef seed and frait apartments, cellar, and garaets. one
wino- • and the lodge for under-gardeners, tool-house, &c., the other. , t a
2199 A line o f sheds is generally placed behind the range of hothouses, or behind
the hot-wall, or other high wall of the garden. Those are used " t
reserve for utensUs, machines, and implements, and for woriQiig--stod» ® e ™lth and
heiuht of this line of sheds are necessanly regulated by the height of tlie vaU. 1 le
roof of the shed, being towards tho north, and therefore without the .advantage of the
sun to dry it after rains, should not make an angle of less than 40 with the horizon,
and as the lower wall or line of props ought at least, to be 7 “ "S] u Z l ?
level of the floor of the shed, the width is regulated accordingly. All the httings up
reuuisite for the part destined to hold materials are, a few hooks, and projecting pms foi
foddera Z and« sound floor, either paved or prepared with mortai-, Roman cement and
scoriæ and the wholc or the greater pait of the division may havo props or piers in front,
S s °sWx more p a rtic u la rly set a p a rt fm - w orking o a g h i to be
enclosed with a wall on all sides, and warmed by a fire-place or “ «"S*“ “
perfectly light, and well aired by having numerous -windows, and along these a range ol
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