1 'S *' ' **
HISTORY OF GARDENING. F a r t I.
coiiccmmg the fine o r t Z To decide as to the perfection rvhioli a nation has
to produce any ‘Y ? h e l™ C £ perfection in another, is too hazardous a judgment;
and magr
e " e “ Z s : i o 7M
3 H E € p S = i f s b S H ®
• ; I " . ; : ' , s r r ■ w "
Z Z ? 4 h o T e sph-itnal defences ^ ¿ Z Z s t l ' e K d cT— T f
striving to break the rest of the dead. Two o fth e most oy®'>Y44™^2jed by way of
m ^ m m m
s“ I ? Z a g r a Z and « J f Z h h I Z s
architect, mentions m his f W s ic m d fire-works The mausoleum of Adrian
“ r X Z a a Z o Z t . a Z i o . \E u s ta c e , p. 266.; l^ o o i’s Letters o f an AreHtcc,
vol. i. p. 45.)
B o o k I. ROMAN GARDENS.
S e c t . II. Sornan Gardening, considered as to the Culture o f Flowers und Plants of
Oimament.
64. Flowers were rare in Roman gardens under the kings, and during tlic first ages of
the republic. But as luxury began to be introduced, a 4 l finally p ilv Z e d ¿ f g reZ
Yp-ee, the passion for flowers hccamo so great, that it was found necessary to siippress
It by snmptuary fows. Crowns of flowers were forbidden to such as had not reSived
the light to use them, either by the eminence of their situation, or by the particular per
iinssion of the magistrates. Some acts of rigour towards offenders did not ton le í tlm e
Ipys from being first eluded, and at last forgotten, tül that which 4 a s o l Z a ly a
S m s Z e t o Z "“ 4 not hesitate to set up th1at elegance of dress and of ornament, wliicli is repi“u gdnilainiitt yto, dthi,e‘l
dea of a waihke people ; and Cicero, in his third harangue against Verms reW a eh e l
this proconsul with liaving made the tour of Sicily iu a litter, seated on roses haviim a
crown r f flowers on his head, and a garland at his back. ’ “
goh.?i s IV 4 .-'^?"’®™' ” '*''»'■ Augustus, was pushed to the extreme of folly IlelioÆ
f l iw s Z m n l" t’l “ <> ‘ï*® porticoes of his palace to be strewed
wdh llowcis. Among these, roses wore the sort chiefly employed ; the taste for that
C t o a tm m i d T ° g Egypt, where, as Athenæiis infoimis ns,
s E r i 4 r 4 o r n f iF * ’ 4 “ 4 “P ™ ^ of 2001.) for aw roses expended at one
suppu , tlie floor of the apartment in which the entertainment was given beino- srtewed
with them to the depth of a cubit This, however, is nothing to
pZ T “’ T of four millions of sesterces, or above -tlihty thousand
pounds, at one supper oil these flowers. From Horace it appears that roses were
cultiiated in beds ; and fi-om Martial, who mentions roses out of season as one of the
to m-oen!“4 h “ '^ his,time It would appear that it was then the caprice, as at present
4 t h r h v S h ^ Z F r ^ - l f fl ^ retardation. Columella e n um L te s the rise, thé
lily, the hyacinth, and the gillyflower, as flowers which may embellish the kitchen
toTes.“ ‘pifov Pl®®® *®‘ z'Pari for the produ“ iS e
f method by which roses were produced preinatm-elv was hv
waitermg them with wai-m water when the buds began to appear From Sen45, and
Martial it appears probable they were also foi-wai'ded by means o í specularia (7Tilcimi
T h f p Z l f o 'n r ’fl ®’‘’^»” 'yptod"®«0"s Which will be aftenvai-ds mentioiied.
The Ploraha oi flower-feasts, were observed on the last four days of April - they were
attended with great mdecency but they show that the common people also cíuried a
taste for flowers to excess. {Phng, Ub. xiu. cap. 29. ; Tertullian. Opera.)
tkoZ tdheo S J 'a i fo™®'!.™ régulai- systee®m’' '*o®f“ '*n’ o®mPPe®n®cl'-a ‘t«u rIe'® 'f'®or '>t®h®en v'teegfae'toawbliei
f A F , ™ 1’° ° * ’’® “ fi"»'®«! Ins knowledge of plants in the
m m b ir I f Z k m s Z Ifi Dejotaiius, who had assembled a great
S , * . S • “ “ ■ ‘■Η'■ - K !X :
S e c t . III. Roman Gardening, in respect to its Products fo r the Kitchen and the Dessert.
67. The tenu Liortus, in the law-s of the Decemviri, which ai-c supposed to he as old
as the estabhshment of the Romans as a people, is used to signify both a garden aud a
(tountry house ; but aftei-wai-ds the kitchen-garden was distinguished by the appellation
P ^ i n S o h tM ° principal citizens had their Horti, or gm-denfaims,
m which their vegetables were gi-own, near the city. In the first ao-S these
I Z I u T a T F t *® ^ocess of sSme with
the lotch), lab iiis4 (7fr®om ™ thíe 7 b ean), Lentuhis ™(fr®o’m' the lenCtiflr)®, ™& c*. ® WP®h*a)t. wC.íacse rnoo t( fursoemd
that a ^ Z S d m Z Z í l 7 ‘ v F F “ ®*' ''®g®fohle markets. Pliny infonns us
™ a lw lZ re lT v In f ? k “ ®hen-garden a second dessert, or a flitch of bacon, which'
fodo-4 F ‘^®®‘’y 7 F® ®7 OOBJ to be cooked and liaht of digestion ; and
(T h -’ - J fm it s introduced into Itahj by the Romans, according to Hirschfeld
Im 4 7 « “ Jardins, tom. i. p. 27.) and Sickler (Geschichte, Isier band), m-e the f i f and
Africa to r “ l S I “ Z “ '® I’®*®’' Pom®g™ate from
finm Ponhi, 7 ' ’7 ? ! '‘PPle^P®®''''- Pl™* from Armenia, and clien-ies
Ictairals7 4 ; c l f 7 ^- *®®® ‘■'®®'‘’ Hi'-®®l>feld obsei-vcs, joined to the
ntr7 r 7 ‘l ® ° 7 ‘''®"' *’®'''® ®»®hanted the Romans, especially on their first
ntrodiiction; and rendered ravishing to the sight, gai-dens, w-hich became insensibly
" ? !
. 7
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