f
I*
—Cromi). Orovillcii, xi. p. 113.— Cladonia furcata /3. rceceDiOva Jliuld,
Almi. ji. 37, Brit. Ciad. p. 2 2 ; Cromb. Lid i. Brit. p. 2 0 ; Lciglit,
Idd i. FI^ p. 05, ed. 3, p. (10. Cladonia racemosa lloffm. Deutsch.
11. ii. (1 /9 5 ) p. 114 ; Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 414. Oenomi/ce racemosa
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 64. (Jladonia fm-cata Sin. Eiig. Fl. v.
p. 236. Lichen furca tu s Huds. FI. Angl. p. 468 ; Liglitf. FT. Soot,
ii. p. 881 ; A\ ith. Arr. od. 3, iv. p. 45. Coralloides corniculis brevioribus
et crebriorihus Dill. AIusc. 104, t. 16. f. 27 B, o.— Lichenoides
tubulosum cinereum, ramosms et crustaceum Dill, iu Bay, Syn. od. 3
67. 18.— Brit. Exs. : Aludd, Ciad. n. 48.
AV eli distingiiislied by its generai habit and the sqtiamnlose podetia,
vdiich are occasionally, liowever, somewhat slender (form tenuior Cromb.).
By Acharius and others it was regarded as a distinct species; but it is
scarcely entitled to rank otherwise than as a subspecies or probably only
as a variety of C.furcata. In this country the apotliecia seem to he
rare.
Hah. (In the ground in moorlands, usually on damp peaty soil in
upland districts.—Distr. Local and scarce iu Great Britaiu and in S.AV.
Ireland. B. i l . : Malvern, A\ orcestershire ; lihewgreidden and Dolgelly',
Merionethshire ; Guisboro’ Moor, Cleveland, Vorkshire. New GaUowav,
Kirkcudbriglitshire ; Glen Lochay and liannoch, I'erthshire ; Glen Caì-
later, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire. Killavuev,
CO. Kerry'.
Form 1. re c u rv a Fldrke, Clad. (1828) p. 147.—Podetia usuaUy
more folioso-squamulose, th e branches short, recurved, subfurcate
and subulate.—Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 113.— fu rc a ta p .
racemosa B. recurva Aludd, Alan. p. 5 8 ; Brit. Clad. p. 22. Gladonia.
fu rca ta var. recurva Leight. Licii. Fl. p. 65, ed. 3, p. 60. Cladonia
recurva Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 115. Lichen fu rca tu s /3.
Lightf. IT. Scot. li. p. 882 ; var. 2, With. Arr. od. 3, iv. p. 45. Corcd-
Imdes cornicxdis brevioribus et crebrioribus Dill. AIuso. 104, t. 16.
1. 27 D. Lichenoides tubulosum virescens, ramosms et foliosmn, min-
mitatibus arcuatis Dill, in Hay, Syn. cd. 3, 67. 19.— B rit. Exs. :
Mudd, Clad. n. 49.
The more or less densely squamulose podetia and their recurved apices
are the characteristics of this form. In a very voung state it sometimes
occurs with the hasal thallus well-developed aiid the podetia very short
In our specimens the apothecia are seldom seen.
Hab. On the ground in moorlauda and on turf-walls in maritime an«l
upland situations. Distr. Occurs onlv here aud there sparingly in Great
Britain; not seen from Ireland,—B. ÀI.: Bolt Head and near Torquay,
S. Devon ; (3haruwood Forest, Leicestershire ; Aberdovey, Alerionethsliire :
Farndale Aloor, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Appin, Argvleshire; Cmig Cal-
hach and Rannoch, Perthshire; Hills of Nigg, Kiiicardineshire ; Glen
Aluick, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
Form 2. palamsea Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xii. (1884) p. 9 1 . - .
Podetia somowhat turgid and curved, noduloso-riigoso, usually somew
h a t dilated aud subdigitately divided a t tlic apices.—iiicomi/a'a
spinosus p. qialaiiueus Ach, Meth. (1803) p. 359.
A very anomalous form, distinguished by the podetia being rougher
and here aud there nodulose, as also by tbe fonn of tlieir apices. In our
British specimens the apotbecia are small aud but sparingly present.
Hab. On the ground iu upland localities.—Distr. Very local and scarce
in S. aud W. England.—B. AI. ; Near Shiere, Surrey ; Briglitou Downs,
Sussex; Bathampton Downs, Somersetshire.
22. C. piu^ens Fliirke, Clad. (1828) p. 1 5 6 .—Thallus squamulose,
evanescent a t the base ; podetia slender, erect or ascending,
muoh and divaricately brauohed, glabrous or subvcrruoulose, greyish-
or sometimes brownish-white ; branches attenuato-subulate and
divergenti-furoate a t the apices, which arc often reddisli-browii
(K-byellow, CaCl — ). Apothecia small, brownish ; spores 0,0 1 0 -1 3
mra. long, 0 ,0 0 3 5 -4 0 mm. thiok.—Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 4 1 5 ; Sm.
Eng. Fl. V. p. 2 3 5 ; Leight. in Ann. Alag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, xviii.
)). 406, L ich .F l. p. 56, ed. 3, p. 53 ; Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 113.—
Cladonia fu rca ta S. pungens Aludd, Alan. p. 58, Brit. Clad. p. 23 ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20. Lichen p u n gm s Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 202,
Eng. Bot. t. 2444. Lichen rangiferinus p. sghaticus Huds. Fl.
Angl. p. 458 ; Lightf. IT. Scot. ii. p. 879. Lichen rangiferinus
var. 2, M^ith. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 42. Coralloides fru tic u li sjxecie
cundicans, corniculis nfeseentibus Dill. AIuso. 110, t. 16. f. 30 A.
Hchenoiiles tuhidosum ramosissimum, fru tic u li specie candieans, corniculis
rufescentibus Dill, in Hay, Syn. ed. 3, p. 67, n. 15.—B r it.
E.cs.: Loight. n. 1 6 ; Aludd, n. 16 pro parte. Clad. nos. 5 4 ,5 5 ;
Cromb. n. 123.
In general appearance this resembles smaller states of Cladina sglvatica,
with which it was frequently confounded by tlie older autliors. Its
affinities, however, are entirely with C. furcata, though, apart from the
reaction, there are sufficient diversities in habit and the cliaracter of the
podetia to entitle it to rank as a distinct species. I t forms densely congested
and intricate tufts, which sometimes spread extensively. The
podetia, which are often of a brownish colour, are rather fragile, small,
aud attenuate at the subpungent apices. I t is comparatively rare in fruit,
thougli iu some situations the apothecia are abundant and more or less
conglomerate.
Hab. On the ground among mosses and short grass in maritime and
upland situations.—Distr. General and common in most parts of England;
apparently much rarer in Scotland, Ireland, and the Channel
Islands.—B. AI. ; Island of Sark. Near Ilemsby, Norfolk ; Eppiug
p’orest, Essex ; Esber, Surrey; Shoreham, Sussex; Lydd, Kent ; Isle of
Wight ; Dartmoor, Devonshire ; near Penzance and St. Alen’yn, Cornwall
; Bretch, Oxfordshire ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; Dovedale,
Derbyshire ; Haugbmond Hill, Shropshire ; Delamere Forest, Chesbiro ;
Aberdovey, Alerionethshire; near Ayton and Clitiiigg, Cleveland, Yorkshire;
Windermere, AVestmoreland ; St. Bees, Cumberland. New Galloway,
Kirkcudbriglitshire ; Pentland Hills, uear Edinburgh ; Barcaldine,
Argylesliire; Countesswells AA’ood, near Aberdeen. Warrenscourt and
Alacroon, co. Cork.
Form 1. n iv e a Koerb. Syst. Lioh. (1855) p. 55.—Podetia erect,
crowded, very white.— Cromh. Grevillea, xv. p. 45.-—Bæumxjcas
jn in g tn s p. niveus Aoh. Aloth. (1803) p. 354.