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Killin, Perthshire. Near Belfast, co. Antrim ; Castleconnell, co. Limerick ;
Killaloe, CO. Clare.
Var. fl. ch o n d ro ty p a Stiz. Bot. Zeit. 1808, p. 899.—Thallus as in
th e type. Apothecia convex, often crowded, w hitish or subcarneous,
the thalline margin excluded.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 68.
Lecanora chondrotypa Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 365. According
to Nylander (Lich.‘ Scand. p. 162) this is present in Hb. Acharius
s. n. Lichen glahratus Dicks., b u t as Dickson does not record i t his
specific name cannot bo retained.
Differs in the character of the apothecia, which, however, in a very
young state are plane with a distinct thalline margin.
Ilab. On the trunks of trees in wooded upland tracts.—DisZr. Local
and scarce in S. England.—B, M. : Bembridge, Isle of Wight ; St. Leonard’s
Foiest, Sussex ; Lyndlmrst, New Forest, Hants ; Ullacombe, Bovey
Tracey, S. Devon.
100. L. glau com a Aoh. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 362.—Thallus subd
eterminate, a t first continuous, th en rimoso-areolate, whitish or
glaucous-white (K + yollow, C a C l - ) ; hypothallus th in , whitish.
Apothecia moderate, innate or appressed, plane or convex, oarneous-
livid or livid-black, cæsio-pruinose (CaCl -|- yellow) ; th e thalline
margin th in or tumid, a t length flexuose and obliterated ; spores
ellipsoid, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 3 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -7 mra. thiok : paraphyses
somewhat slender, conglutinate ; hymenial gelatine deep blue, the
thecæ violet with iodine.—Hook. F l. Soot. ii. p. 48 ; Sm. Eng. Fl.
V . p. 189 ; Tayl. in Mack. F l. Hib. if. p. 135 ; Mudd, Man. p. 153 ;
Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 50 ; Loight. Lich. Fl. p. 215, ed. 3, p. 204.—
Binodina glaucoma Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 453. Lichen glaucoma
Ell». Bot. t. 21.56. Verrucaria glaucoma Hoffm. Deutsoh. F l. ii.
(1795) p. 172. Lichen rupicola (? Linn.) Lightf. Fl. Soot. ii. p. 806 ;
Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 5 2 5 ; AVith. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 13.— B rit.
Exs. : Leight. n. 53 ; Mudd, ii. 122 ; Larb. Lioh. Hb. n. 259.
A very variable plant as to the thallus and apothecia, whence tbe forms,
varieties, and subspecies that folL'W. I t may, however, always be easily
recognized bv the livid-pruinose apothecia. The tliallus, which is rarely
cæsio-greyish, is thickish, more or less expanded, the hypothallus being
visible only in shaded situations at the circumference. I t is usually well
fertile, the apothecia being numerous (at times aggregato-conglqmerate),
with the pruina persistent (forma cinereopruinosa Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 216)
unless when accidentally rubbed off The spermogones are frequent,
black-punctate, immersed, w ith spermatia arcuate, as in the allied species.
Both the thallus and the apothecia are the hosts respectively of two different
parasites hereafter to he described.
Jlab. On rocks, boulders, and walls, granitic, schistose, and whinstone,
in maritime and upland situations, chiefly' in mountainous districts.
Distr. General and common in Great Britain ; no doubt also in Ireland.
—B. M. : La Moye, Island of Jersey ; The Vale, Guernsey ; Island of
Sark. Near Folkestone, Kent; Bolt'Head, S. Devon; Valley of Eocks,
Lynton, N. Devon ; St. Minver and Penzance, Cornwall ; Bardon Hill,
L E C A N O R A .] L E C A N O -L E C ID E E I . 421
Leicestershire ; Malvern Hills, Worcestershire ; Pwllheli, Carnarvonshire;
Island of Anglesea; Ilaughmond Hill, Shropshire; Cliffrigg,
Cleveland, and Ribbledale, Yorkshire ; near Milnthorpe, Westmoreland ;
Swinhope, Northumberland; Catterleen, Cumberland. New Galloway,
Kirkcudbriglitshire; Kyles of Bute; Barcaldine and Ben Cruachan,
Argyleshire ; Killin, Perthshire ; near Dundee, Forfarshire ; Portlethen,
Kincardineshire ; Castleton of Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Lambay Island
and Kinsale, co. Cork.
Form 1. decussata Cromh. Grevillea, xviii. (1890) p. 68.^ ■
Thallus white or greyish-white, finely marked throughout with
hlaok hypotlialline (’?) lines. Apothecia as in the type, with concolorous
th a llin e margin.
Looks at first sight as if almost referable to I . calcarea, but has the
reactions of this species. In our two British specimens the spermogones
are very abundant, giving the thallus a black-punctate appearance. It
seems to be tbe plant alluded to by M. Lamy, Lich. Mt. Dor. p. 75.
Ilab On rocks iu maritime and upland districts.—DisZr. Very sparingly
in tbe Clannel Islands and N. England—B. M. ; Chateau Point,
Island of Sark. Gunnerton Crags, Northumberland.
Form 2. complanata Leigbt. Lioh. Fl. ed. 3 (1879) p. 205.
Thallus and apothecia in an uniform plane, th e apothecia in n ate .—
Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 68.
Differs merely in the thallus andapothecia being smoothed down to the
same level, but is connected with the type by intermediate states, and no
doubt depends upon the nature of tbe substratum. Leighton describes
the apothecia as blackish ; hut this is accidental, and in other specimens
referable to this form they are of the normal colour.
Hab. On slate-rocks in maritime districts.—DisZr. Only sparingly in
S Wales, the AV. Highlands of Scotland, and S.E. Ireland.—B. M. : Near
Towyn, Pembrokeshire. Ballachulisli, Argyleshire. Kinsale, co. Cork.
Var. /i.iuflexa Johns, ex Cromh. Grevillea, xviii. (1890) p. 68.
ThaUus rimoso-areolate, greyish-white. Apotheoia plane, crowded ;
th e th allin e margin prominent, thickish, snow-white, crenate and
flexuose.
A distinct variety characterized hy the thalliue margin of the apothecia.
These are for the most part aggregate aud become angulose tlirough
mutual pressure. I t is scarcely referable to var. rugosa (Ach.) h r. ill.
Lich. Scand. p. 271.
Hah. On quartzose rocks in an upland district.—Distr. Very local iu
N.W. England.—B. M. : Alston, Cumberland.
Var. y. Sw a rtz ii Nyl. Lioh. Scand. (1861) p. 159.—Thallus u n equal,
rimose or verrucoso-granulate, subradiate or a t times byssino-
rad ia te a t th e circumference. Apothecia subgloboso, usually aggregato
conglomerate, tho thalline margin a t length evanescent.
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 50 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 216, ed. 3, p. 205.—