and N. Ireland.—B. M .; La Coupe, Island of Jersey. Near Hastings,
Sussex. Portlethen, Kincardineshire. Near Crookhaven, co. Cork;
Dougliruagh mt. aud Dawros River, Connemara, co. Galway; Ardglass,
CO. Down.
05. L. m ilv in a Aoh. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 358.—Thallus effuse,
moderate or thickish, granuloso-areolate or areolato-diffract, verru-
culoso-unoqual, brownish or brownish-black (K —, CaCl—) ; hypoth
allu s thin, black. Apothecia minute, plane, crowded, brownish-
blaok, tho thallino margin depressed, e n tir e ; spores ellipsoid,
0 ,0 1 4 -2 0 mra. long, 0 ,0 0 7 -1 2 mm. thiok.—Borr. Eng. Bot. Suppl.
t. 2602. f. 1 ; Sm. Eng. F l. v. p. 187 ; Mndd, Man. p. 1 4 4 ; Cromb.
Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 1 4 7 ; Leight. Lioh. Fl. ed. -3, p. 216 pro parto.
— Parmelia milvina Wahl, in Aoh. Meth. Suppl. (1803) p. 3 4 .—■
B rit. E x s .: L arb. Lioh. Hb. n. 25.
As obsCTved by Acharius (Meth. I. e.), this is quite distinct from L.
sojAodes in the darker, effuse thallus, the place of growth, and its general
aspect. I t differs also in the rather larger spores, and, as it constantly
preserves its own type, may with propriety be regarded as a good species.
The apothecia are for the most part crowded and angulose.
Jlah. On rocks iu maritime and upland districts.—Distr. Local in the
Channel Islands, S.AV. Englaud, the S.AV. Highlands and N.E. Scotland,
as also iu N.W. Ireland.—B. M. : Vale Castle, Island of Guernsey. Near
Penzance, Cornwall. Barcaldine, Argyleshire; S. of Bay of N igg, Kincardineshire.
Maam Turk mts., co. Galway.
66. L. atrocinerea Nyl. Lich. Par. (1 8 5 4 ) n. 4 3 ; Elora, 1872,
P- 247.—Thallus determinate, verruooso- or granulato-areolate,
smooth, greyish-white or dark-grey (K + yellow, CaCl + re d d is h );
hypothallus blaolc, persistent. Apothecia moderate, a t first innate,
then sessile, plane or a t len g th convex, dark-brown or blackish, the
th allin e margin th in , subentire, a t length o b lite rated ; spores
0 ,0 2 0 -3 0 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm. th ic k .-C rom b . Journ. Bot.
1870, p. 9 7 ; Leight. Lioh. El. p. 226, ed. 3, p. 216.— Bin o d in a
atrocinerea Mudd, Man. p. 144, t. 2. fig. 49. Lecidea atrocinerea
Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 174. Lichen atrocinereus Dicks. Crypt, fasc. iii.
(1703) p. 14, t. 9. fig. 2 ; AVith. Arr. iv. p. 19 ; Eng. Bot. t. 2096.
Lecanora m ilvina T ayl. in Maok. EL Hib. ii. p. 134 saltern pro maxima
pa rte .—B r it. Exs. : Loight. n. 146.
^ Not unlike L. confragosa, from which it has generally not been rightly
discriminated. I t differs, however, in the firmer, usually more continuous
tliallus, in the constantly entire thalline margin of the'apothecia, in the
larger spores, and more definitely in the thalline reaction with CaCl. In
younger plants the thallus is distinctly limited by a subplumoso-radiating
hypothallus, and is then only subcontinuous. I t is always well fertile,
the apothecia often becoming lecideoid. The spermogones are frequent’
with spermatia 0,007-9 mm. long, scarcely 0,002 mm. thick. ’
Hab. On rocks in maritime and mountainous districts.—Dfsi/-. Rather
local in the Channel Islands, S. and W. England, N. Wales, the S.W.
Highlands and N.E. Scotland, and in S. Ireland.—B. M .; Island of
Guernsey. Crown Hill, near Plympton, S. Devon ; near Penzance, Oornwall
; Lyth Hill, Shropshire ; Barmouth, Merionethshire ; Holyhead,
Island of Anglesea. Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Portlethen, Kincardineshire.
Near Cork ; Cliffs of Moher, co. Clare ; Dunkerron and Oarig mt.,
CO. Kerry.
67. L. teichophila Nyl. ex Lamy, Bull. Soc. Bot. Er. t. xxv. (1878)
p. 405.—Thallus suhdeterminate, moderate, verrueoso-areolate, d ark-
greyish (K + yellowish, CaCl — ). Apotheoia snbmoderate, plane,
black, the thalline margin thick, entire or often subrugose ; spores
ellipsoid, 0 ,0 1 8 -2 5 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm. thick.—Cromb. Journ.
Bot. 1882, p. 273.—L . sophodes var. teichophila Nyl. Bull. Soo. Bot.
Er. t. xiii. (1866) p. 367. Bin o d in a exigua ¡3. metabolica (non Acb.)
Mudd, Man. p. 143. Lecanora sophodes form metabolica Leight.
Liob. El. p. 225, ed. 3, p. 215.— B rit. Exs. : Aludd, n. 108.
Also approaches L. confragosa in various respects, but differs in the
darker thallus, and more especially in the larger, thicker spores. The
apothecia are numerous and ofteu crowded, with the thalline margin
scarcely or but little prominent.
Hab. On rocks and walls in maritime and upland situations.—Distr.
As yet seen only from a few localities in Great Britain and Ireland.—
B. AI. : Bathampton Downs, Somersetshire ; Cirencester, Gloucestershire ;
Holly Bush Ilill, Alalvern, Worcestershire ; near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
The Trossacbs, Perthshire. Connemara, co. Galway.
68. L. coniopta Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 19.—Thallus indeterminate,
moderate or thiokish, unequal, rimoso-diliraot, brownish-grey or
d ark-brown (K —, K (CaCl) + reddish). Apothecia moderate, in n ate ,
black, a t first plane, slightly margined, a t length convex, immarginate,
in ternally whitish ; spores ellipsoid, slightly constricted,
1-septate, brownish-black, 0 ,0 1 5 -2 0 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 0 mm. thick ;
epithecium brown, paraphyses moderate, subarticulate ; hypothecium
colourless.—Cromb. Grevillea, i. p. 141 ; Leight. Lioh. El. ed. 3,
p. 216.— Brit. Exs. : Cromb. n. 1 5 8 .'
Closely allied to L . sciodes Nyl., a plant of the E. Pyrenees, though from
the evanescent thalline margin of the apothecia, which is visible only in
their earliest stage of development, it has the appearance of a Lecidea
allied to L. coniops. The apothecia occur chiefly towards tlie centre of
the thallus and are somewhat scattered. Tlie spermogones are abundant,
black, punctate, with spermatia thinly bacillar, 0,0045 mm. long, 0,005 mm.
thick.
Hab. On gneissic and granitic rocks in maritime districts.—Distr. I.ocal,
though plentiful, in the Channel Islands, S.AA’. England, and N.E. Scotland.—
B.AI.: La Aloye, Island of Jersey. Near Penzance, Cornwall.
Near Portlethen, Kincardineshire.
69. L. Bischoffii Nyl. ex Stiz. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1876, p .2 1 7 .—
Thallus effuse, th in , leproso-farinose or rimuloso-granulose, greyish
or brownish (K —, CaCl — ), often indistinct. Apothecia minute, a t
first plane with entire thalline margin, a t length convex and im