Hiids. Fl. Angl. ed. 2 (1778), p. 534 ; With. Arr. od. 3, iv. p. 35 ;
Eng. Bot. t. 1924. Lichenoides gelatinosum fuscum, Jacohæoe mari-
timai divisura Dill. Muse. 140, t. 19. f. 25.
Tliis differs from the type in the form of the laciniæ, the situation of
the apothecia, and their entire margin. The thallus also is not so dark
wlien growing, and the apothecia are more scattered, and concave when
young.
Hah. On calcareous rocks and walls in maritime and upland tracts.—
Histr. Probably general, thougb as yet seen only from AV. England, N.
AA’ales, the AA^. Highlands, Scotland, and S. Ireland.—B. AI. : Near
Torquay, Devonshire ; Pentregaer, near Oswestry, Shropshire ; near
AAh-exham, Denbigbsbire ; near Settle, A’orksbire; Teesdale, Durham;
near Kendal, AA^estmoreland ; Lamplugh, Onmberland. Appin, Argyle-
sliire; Gairloch, Ross-shire. Aliddleton, co. Cork; Dunkerron, co.
Kerry ; Loughcooter, co. Galway.
Form 2. jaco hæ ifo lm m Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 637.—Thallus
ilceply laciniate ; laciniæ lacero-pinuatifid, radiate, narrow, canaliculate,
th e margins crisp. Apotheoia marginal, th e thallino margin
subcntire.—Mudd, Man. p. 37 ; Cromb. Jourii. Bot. 1874, p. 334 ;
Lciglit. Lioh. Fl. ed. 3, p. 2 1 .— Lichen jacoboeoefolius Schrank, F l.
Bav. (1789) ii. p. 530.—B rit. Exs. ; Larb. Cæsar. n. 2.
Y e r j closely allied to the preceding, differing in the more deeply
divided, radiating, narrower laciniæ, and the suhentire thalline margin of
the apothecia. The fructification is very rarely present in the British
specimens.
Hah. On calcareous rocks in maritime districts.—Disir. Local and rare,
in the Channel Islands and S. England ; it no douht occurs elsewliere.—
B. AI. : Quenvais, Island of Jersey. Isle of AVight.
Form 3. g p -o sum Aoh. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 638.—Thallus
gyroso-complicate ; laciniæ approximate, suhequal, crisp aud crenate
a t th e margins. Apotheoia scattered, marginal, th e thaUine margin
entire or slightly granulate.-—Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 3 3 4 ;
Leight. Lioh. F l. ed. 3, p. 2 1 .— Lichen gyrosus Aoh. Prodr. (1798)
p. 135.
This form (identified from a specimen of Acharius in Linn. Soc.) is
not unlike C. cristatum, and differs from the type in the gyrose laciniæ,
which are plicate, densely approximate, and nearly even at the margins.
The apothecia are scattered, but are very rare in a fully developed condition.
Hah. On the ground among calcareous rocks in upland situations.—
Distr. Very local and scarce, in Central England and among the Central
(îrampians, Scotland.—B. AI. ; Near Buxton, Derbyshire. Craig Tulloch,
Blair Athole, Perthshire.
Subsp. C. h y p e rg en um Nyl. Flora, 1876, p. 232.—Thallus laooro-
laoiniate ; laciniæ somewhat narrow and short, th e margins crisp and
crenate. Apothecia marginal or submarginal, approximate, the
thalline margin cntiro ; spores 0 ,0 2 6 -3 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 6 mm.
thick.— Cromb. Grevillea, v. p. 2 5 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. cd. 3, p. 21.
Approaches f. marginale, but distinguisbed by the larger spores, whicli,
as observed by Nylander I. a., entitle it to rank at least as a subspecies.
In the only two specimens seen by me the apothecia are numerous, and
almost crowded in the centre.
Hab. On calcareous rocks in upland districts.—Distr. Found only iu
N.W. Ireland.—B. AI. ; Tullywhee Bridge, co. Galway.
18. C. cristatum Hoffm. Deutsoh. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 101.—Thallus
intricately laciniate, thickish, olive- or blaokish-greon ( I - |- r e d ) ;
laciniæ short, undulato-orisp, inoiso-orenate a t tho margins. Apotheoia
ra th e r large, somewhat piano, reddish-brown, th e thalline
margin a t length orenulate ; spores fusiformi-oblong, somewhat
narrower a t both apices, 3-septate, irregularly murali-locular, 0 ,0 2 6 -
34 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 2 mm. th ick .—Sohær. Enum. (1850) p. 225 ;
Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 334 ; Leight. Lioh. El. ed. 3, p. 22.—
To this belongs as an old sta te GoUema suhplicatile Cromb. Journ.
Bot. 1874, p. 147, n o nN y l. Flora, 1 8 7 5 ,p. 297, whioh la tte r belongs
to the section of G. chalazanum. As already observed, Lichen cristatus
Huds., Liiin., &o. is a variety of GoUema tenax.
From the closely allied C. melænum this differs iu the imbricato-aggre-
gate lacmiæ with inciso-dentate margins, in the larger apothecia with
crei.ulate thalline margin, and in the slightly different spores. These
discinguish it in its typical condition, though w hether they make it speci-
fioally distinct is doubtful. The apothecia, when fully developed, are of
considerable size, and only sparingly present.
Hah. Among mosses on old walls and on rooks in maritime and upland
districts.—Di'sir. Found only in W. England, the W. Higlilands,
Scotland, and S.W. Ireland.—B. AI. : St. Alichael’s Tor, Devonshire :
near^ Cirencester, Gloucestershire. Island of Lismore, Argyleshire ;
Killin and Craig Tulloch, Perthshire. Killarney, co. Kerry.
19. C. polycarpon Koerb. Par. (1865) p. 417.—Thallus small,
radiato-laoiniate, appressed, dark-green or reddish-black (I-t-pm l
plish-red) ; laciniæ narrow, short, complicate, suberect in th e centre,
more expanded and depressed a t th e cironmferenoe. Apotheoia
small, numerous, plane, or a t length somewhat convex, dark-red or
blackish, th e th allin e margin thin, entire ; spores oblong or fusi-
formi-ellipsoid, more constantly 3- ra re ly 5-septate, locuiar, 0 ,0 1 8 -
27 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -7 mm. th ick .—Cromh. Journ. Bot. (1873)
p. 132, 1874, p. 334 ; Leight. Lich. F l. ed. 3, p. 22.— Oollema
multifidum ê. polycarpon Sohær. Spio. (1842) p. 532. Collema
Stygium Schær. Spio. p. 544, Lich. Helv. n. 434 ; Cromb. Journ
Bot. 1874, p. 334 ; Leight. Lich. F l. ed. 3, p. .23. Nylander
observes in litt. th a t while O. stygium Del., may be th e p lan t of
Schærer, i t is probably not pure, ‘and is besides only a MSS. name,
while th a t of Schærer and Arnold is G. polycarpon (conf. Flora
1883, p. 105).— S rif. Exs. : Cromb. n. 1 0 3 ; Larb. Lioh. Hb. n. 1 .’
Alight be taken for a smaller state of C. melænum, but the characters
given separate it. The apothecia are usually abundant over the thallus
and sometimes are so uuiueroiis as almost to obliterate the laciniæ, ’