Distr. Extreniely rare on one of the S. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. :
Ben Lawer.s, Perthshire.
90. L. Parisiensis Nyl. Bull. Soc. Bot. t. xiii. (1 8 6 6 ) p. 368.—
ïh a llu s detonuinate or subdeterminate, rugose or rugoso-granulate
or subverrucose, greyish (K + yellowish, CaCl—). Apothecia modera
te , plane, brownish-black or ra re ly brown, naked or occasionally
cæsio-pruinose ; tbe th allin e margin rugose or suborenate ; paraphyses
distinctly articulate, slightly thickened and brownish a t the
apices; spores 0 ,0 1 0 -1 8 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -8 mm. th ic k ; hymenial
gelatine bluish (th e thecæ a t length violet) with iodine.—Cromb.
Jo u rn . Bot. 1871, p. 178.—Lecanora subfusca forma Parisiensis
Leight. Lich. El. p. 201, ed. 3, p. 1 8 5 .-7 ln Elora, 1883, p. 107,
Nylander says th a t Lecanora subfusca S. lioriza Ach. Lich. Univ.
(1810) p. 394, belongs pro pa rte (i.e . the Erench specimen) to this
species, so th a t probably it ought to be called L . horiza (Aeh.)
N y l.— B r it. Eæs. : Leight. n. 116 pro p a rte ; Larb. Lich. Hb.
n. 58.
Distinguished from its more immediate Briti.sh allies by the jointed
paraphyses. At times the thallus is small and distinctly limited by a
white hypothallus, and is then probably the var. horiza Ach. The apothecia
o'ccasionally are partly conglomerate, smaller, with the thalline
marten subevanescent, a state which may be L. subfusca e. rufa Ach. byn.
p. 157. The spermogones (Jide Nyl. in litt.) have the spermatia 0,018-
28 mm. long.
Hab. On trunks of trees, seldom on old pales, in maritime and upland
tracts.—Disir. Not unfrequent in England ; rare in S. Ireland ; not seen
from Scotland or the Channel Islands.—B.M. : Walthamstow, Essex;
Ghmde, Sussex ; New Forest, Hants ; near Shanklin, Isle of Wight ;
Ils'ham, Torquay, aud near Bovey Tracey, _S. Devon ; Cherry Hinton,
Cambridgesliire ; Gopsall Parkj Leicestershire ; Barmouth, Merioneth.-
shire ; near Shrewsbury, Shropshire ; near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
Tullygreen, co. Cork.
91. L. rugosa Nvl. Flora, 1872, p. 250, nota 2.—ThaUns determinate,
thickish, g-r'anulato-rugose, w hitish (K + yeUowish, C a C l- ) .
Apothecia moderate or somewhat large, a t first concave, then plane,
pale or brownish, sometimes slightly pruinose ; the thalline margin
thiok, elevated, rugose or rugoso-crenate and inflexed ; paraphyses
crowded, colourless ; epitheoium granulose ; spores 0 ,0 1 0 -1 8 mm.
long, 0,0 0 7 -1 0 mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine b lu ish ,th en wine-red
w ith iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 68.— L. subfusca form
rugosa Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 51 ; Leight. Lich. El. p. 201, e d .3 ,
p. 186. Lichen rugosus Pers. fid e Ach. Lioh. Univ. (1810) p. 394
(sub L . subfusca ê. horiza). L . subfusca e . atrynea Mudd, Man.
p. 147 pro parte.
May be recognized in its more typical state by the character of the
thalline margin of the apothecia, which, with the granulose epithecium,
readily d i s t i n g u i s h it from the preceding corticolous species. The apothecia
are at times crowded and angulose, and when also suhpruuiose
give it much the general aspect of states of L. angulosa. I t is a rather
variable plant, presenting the subspecies and varieties th at follow.
Hah. On the trunks of old trees, from maritime to upland tracts.—
Distr. General but not common throughout Great Britain and Ireland ;
not seen from the Channel Islands.—B. M .; New Forest, Hants; Ulla-
comhe, near Bovev Tracey, S. Devon; near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ;
near Bakewell, Derbyshire; Hollybush Ilill, Malvern, Worcestershire ;
Wark-on-Tyne, Northumberland; Calder Abbey and Alston, Cumberland;
Levens Park, Westmoreland. Near Glasgow, Lanarkshire;
Pennycuick Glen, near Edinburgh; Barcaldine, Argyleshire; Blair-
drummoiid, near Stirling; Killin, Perthshire; Cults, near Aberdeen.
Rostellan, co. Cork; Old Dromore and Killarney, co. Ke rry ; Tervoe, near
Limerick; Derryclare and Lough Inagh, co. Galway.
Subsp. L. c h la ro n a Nyl. Flora, 1883, p. 107.— Thallus th in ,
smoothish or subrugulose, wh itish or g rey ish-white. Apotheoia
small or submoderate, plane or slightly convex, pale or pale-brownish,
th e thalline margin suhentire or finely orenulate ; spores 0 ,0 0 9 -
15 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 5 -9 mm. th ick .— Lecanora chlarona Cromb. Grevillea,
xviii. p. 68. L. subfusca forma chlarona Leight. Lich. FL
p. 203, ed. 3, p. 188. L . albella form chlarona Cromb. Lioh. Brit,
p. 51. L . subfusca y. glabrata (non Ach.) Mudd, Man. p. 147.—
Brit. E xs. : Liiight. n. 115 ; Mudd, nos. 112, 113 pro pa rte ; Larb.
Lioh. Hb. nos. 256, 257.
Distinguished from the type by the thinner, smoother thallus, and the
non-ru»ose thaUine margin of the apothecia. I t so closely touches it, however
in other respects th at Nylander I. c. does not regard it as specifically
distinct This view is further confirmed by the occurrence of intermediate
states with difficulty referable to either. I t is always well fertile, the
apothecia being numerous, olten crowded, and becoming darker m age.
Hab On the smooth bark of trees, occasioually on old pales, from
maritime to upland situations. — D isir. General and abundant in
Enteand; apparently rarer in N. Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.—B. M .;
Eppino- Forest, Essex; Shiere, Surrey; Wrotham, Ken t; Glynde,
Sussex- Lvndhurst, Neiv Forest, Hants; llsham, Torquay, and uear
Bovey Tracey, S. Devon; Withiel, Cornwall; near Cirencester, Glou-
cesterahire; Ampthill, Bedfordshire; Over and Babraham, Cambridgeshire
■ Gopsall Park, Leicestershire ; Aberdovey, Merionethshire; Wrekin
rT:ii . „O.JV A-irtnii nipveland. Yorkshire 1 Tcesdale. Dui'ham:
JAiinn, rerrnsmre; " Z ’ + ’ T.T, ’
Lochaber, Inverness-shire. Near Cork; Upper Lake, Killarney, co.
Kerry.
Eorm p in a s tr i Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. (1890) p. 68.—Thallus
subeffuse, th in , suhleprose, greyish-white. Apotheoia small, plane
or convex, brown, th e thalline margin entire.— Lecanora subfusca
e. p in a s tr i Sohær. Enum. (1850) p. 74 ; Mudd, Man. p. 146.
Differs only in the less developed thallus and the entire thalline margin
of the apothecia. At times, however, it is almost confluent with the
type, so th at the differential characters given seem owing to the habitat.
The apothecia are either scattered or somewhat crowded.