144
15. C. eervicornis Soliær. E m m . (1850) p. 195.—ThalLus foliaoeo-
squamiiloso a t the base ; leaflets large, laoiniiform, crenate or inciso-
crenate, or variously multifid, ascending, firm, dark olive-green or
glaucous-green above, whitish or brownish-blaok beneath ; podetia
short, smooth or subverrucose, soyphiferous ; scyphi simple or irre gularly
proliferous, more or less squamulose (K-j-yellowish, CaCl—).
Apotheoia small, sessile, brownish-black.—Mudd, Brit. Clad. p. 4 ;
Leight. Lioh. Fl. p. 57, od. 3, p. 54.— Cladonia gracilis subsp. cervi-
coriiis Mudd, Alan. p. 54 ; Cromh. Lich. Brit. p. 19. Scyphophorus
eervicornis Sm. Eng. Fl. v.[p. 242 ; Tayl. in Alack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 81.
Lichen eervicornis Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 184, Eng. Bot. t. 2574.
Coralloides seyphiforme, fo liis alcicorniformibus cartilaginosis Dill.
Muse. 87, t. 14. f. 12 B.
Though generally resembling less proliferous states of the preceding
species, this differs in the more developed laciniæ, the shorter podetia,
and in the chemical reaction with K. The thallus at the base is densely
cæspitose, with the leaflets nearly erect, somewhat thickened, in old
iliants rimoso-reticulate above and the podetia are often but little deve-
oped, or entirely wanting (form basima Cromb.). Tbe apothecia are
sessile on tbe margins of tbe scyphi, and are either simple or conglomerate,
becoming blackish in age.
Ilah. On the ground among rocks and on heaths in maritime and
upland regions.—Distr. General and usually plentiful in billy and mountainous
tracts of Great Britain and probably also of Ireland ; rare in tbe
Channel Islands.—B. AI. : Quenvais, Island of Jersey ; Pleinmont, Guernsey.
llusthall Common, Kent ; Hay Tor, Dartmoor, and Bolt Head,
Devonshire; Withiel and Penzance, Cornwall; Bathampton, Somersetshire
; AVorcester Beacon, AAhrcestersbire ; Buxton, Derbyshire ; Khew-
greidden, Alerionetbsbire ; Llanberis, Cardiganshire ; Island of Anglesea ;
naboord, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Glen Nevis, Inverness-ahire; near
Lairg, Sutherlandshire; hills of Applecross, Eoss-shire. Carig Alt. and
Killarney, co. Kerry; Kylemore, co. Galway.
Form stipata Nyl. Flora, 1876, p. 239.—Squamules at th e base
elongate, sublinear, orenato-inoised and deeply divided, erect, s tip a te ;
podetia and apothecia as in th e type.—Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1876,
p. 3 6 0 ; Leight. Lich. F l. ed. 3, p. 55.
Differs only in tbe basal tballus. The podetia and apotbecia very
rarely occur.
Jlah. On the ground among rocks in upland districts.—Dikir. Hare
and local in N. AVales, the Central Grampians and the N.W. Highlands,
Scotland, and in N.W. Ireland (Kylemore, co. Galway).—B. AI.: Aberdovey,
Aleiionethsbire. Loch Eagb, Eannoeb, Pertbsbire; biUs of Apple-
cross, Ross-shire.
16. C. soholifera Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 66; Not. Sallsk. pro F . et
F l. Fenn. Forh. n. s. v. (1866) p. 176 (note).-—ThaUus foliaceous
a t th e base ; leaflets somewhat narrow, inciso-crenate, cæspitoso.
glaucous-green above, whitish beneath ; podetia short, cylindrical,
glabrous, subverrucose or somewhat foliacoou.s, soyphiferous, greyish-
green or glaucous-white ; soyphi dilated, proliferous from th e centre
and from the denticulate margins (K —, CaCl — ). Apothecia small,
simple or conglomerate, brown.—Cromb. GreA'illea, xi. p. 113.—
Cladonia vertieillata var. soholifera Leight. Ann. Alag. Nat. Hist,
ser. 3, xviii. p. 411, Lioh. F l. p. 64, ed. 3, p. 59 ; Cromb. Lich.
Brit. p. 19. Cenomyce cladomorpha var. soholifera Del. in Dub. B o t
Gall. (1830) p. 631. Coralloides seyphiforme, marginibus radiatis
et fo lia tis Dill. AIuso. 85, t. 14. f. 9 a , r. Lichenoides jiy.vidatam,
marginibus eleganter fo lia tis Dill, iu Ray, Syn. ed. 3, 09. 33.—
B rit. Evs. : Leight. u. 14 ; Aludd, n. 9 pro parte, Clad. n. 2 ; Larb,
Lioh. Hb. n. 322.
Very closely allied to C. eervicornis, from Avhich it is at once separated
by the reaction with K. In other respects it is distinguished cbietly by
the somewhat smaller (rarely nearly as large) and less cæspitose thallus,
by the margins of the scyplii and the prolifications, Avkich are often 2,
rarelv 3, in wliich respect it more resembles C. vertkiUuta. From this
also it seems distinct, and preserves its own type. The podetia are occasionally
sparingly foliaceous, and tbe apotbecia are usually numerous.
Ilah. On mossy boulders, rocks, aud the ground in upland districts.—
Distr. Somewhat local in S., AV., and N. England, the Highlands of
Scotlaud, S. Ireland, and tbe Channel Islands; no doubt often overlooked.—
B. AI. : Grosnez Common, Island of Jersey. Near Dawlish and
Hunter Tor, S. Devon; St. Breock aud Helminton, Oornwall ; Alalvern,
AVorcestershire; Rhewgreidden and Dolgelly, Alerionetbsbire; Ayton
and Ingleby Aloor, Cleveland, A^orksliire ; AVindermere, Westmoreland.
New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Glen
Lochay and Rannoch, Perthshire ; Countesswells, near Aberdeen ; Glen
Nevis, Inverness-sbire ; Applecross, Ross-shire. Ballyedinond, co. Cork.
17. C. m a c ro p h y lla Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 299.—Thallus squamuloso
foliaceous a t th e base ; squamules large, glaucous above,
whitish beneath, crenate a t th e margins ; podetia moderate or somew
h a t elongate, cylindrical, ascyphous or often with narrow scyplii,
rough with smaller glaucous squamules, bocoming a t length carious
(K-(-yelloAvish, CaCl—). Apothecia brown, generally confluent;
spores 0 ,0 0 8-0,011 mm. long, 0,0035 mm. thick.— Cromb. Grevillea,
xi. p. 113.— Cladonia ventrieosa p . macrophylla Schær. Spic. (1833)
p. 316.
In old age the podetia (wliich are then often blackish nt the base, as
are also the basal squamules at tlieir base) become more or less carious,
and thus somewhat resemble those of C. cariosa. From C. decorticata
Fliirke, with which it lias sonietimes been confounded, and wliich probably
also occurs in this country, it differs in the larger sqiianuiles and the
cben'iical reaction. In the only fertile British specimen the apothecia are
aggregate and deformed.
Hah. On earth-covered boulders and ledges of rocks in wooded mountainous
regions.— Distr. Apparently very local and scarce among the S.
and N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI. : Craig Calliach, Perthshire ; Hoad
of Glen Quoicli, Braemar, Aberdeensliire.