with few rhizinæ ; laciniæ narrow, convex, rugoso-jilicate, imbricate
and complicate, incurved a t th e apices (K CaCl_).
Apotheoia small, concave, or a t length slightly convex, blackish, tho
margin entire ; spores subglobose or ellipsoid, 0 ,0 0 7 -1 2 mm. long,
0 ,0 0 5 -9 mm. thick.—Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 357 ; Leight.
Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 118.—Parmelia discreta Nyl., Cromb. Lioh. Brit,
p. 3(). Parmelia gdujsodes var. discreta Leight. Lich. F l. p. 127.
Parmelia sti/yia var. minor Nyl. e.v Carroll, Jo u rn . Bot. 1805, p. 288 ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 35. Parmelia encausta var. sti/r/ioides Linds.
Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. x x ii. p. 224 ; Mudd, Alan. p. 09. Lichen
encaustus Eng. Bot. t. 2049.—As pointed out in Grevillea, vii. p. 98,
tliis ought ra th e r to be called P. atrofusca (Schær.).—B r it. E.vs. ;
Cromb. n. 32 ; Dicks. Hort. Sio. n. 25 pro parte.
Looks intermediate betweeu P. stygia and P. encausta, being sometimes
confounded with the latter. The presence of rhizinæ very raroly on
the under surface iu very young plants shows th a t it belongs to this
Subsection. The thallus varies iu colour from nearly pitch-black to dark-
grey, the laciniæ being often tomlose. I t is generally fertile, the apothecia
being scattered and at length somewhat large. The spermogones
are black, minute, with spermatia 0,007 mm. loug, about 0,001 mm.
thick.
Ilah. On gr.anitic and quartzose boulders in alpine places.—Distr. T.ocal
and scarce on the Grampians, Scotland; very rare in N.W. Ireland.—
B. AI. ; Ben Alore and Cairn Gowar, Perthshire ; Clova Alts., Forfarshire ;
Cairn Drochit, Alorrone and Ben-naboord, Braemar, xAberdeensbire ; Ben
Nevis, Inverness-shire. Co. Alayo.
28. P. lanata AVallr. Fl. Germ. iii. (1831) p. 529.—Thallus ox-
paiidcd, decumbent, loosely appressed, setaoeo-filiform, dichotomously
and intricately branched, olive-brown or brownish-black, somewhat
shining ; beneath paler, w ith minute rhizinæ ; hraiiches unequal,
rounded, slender, flexuose, furcate a t th e apices (KZ> C aC l/).
Apotheoia late ra l or subterminal, nearly moderate, plane or convex,
concolorous, th e margin subentire or granulato-uiiequal ; spores
0 .0 0 7 -1 1 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -8 mm. thick.—Aludd, Alan. p. 101 ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 35 ; Leight. Lich. F l. p. 124.—Alectoria lanata
Leight. Lioh. F l. ed. 3, p. 80. Cornicularia lanata Gray, Nat. Arr.
1. p. 405 ; Hook. Fl. Soot. ii. p. 69 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 233 ;
Tayl. in Alack. F l. Hib. ii. p. 87. Lichen lanatus, Linn. Sp. PL
(1753) p. 1153 ; Eng. Bot. t. 846 (middle fig.). Usnea ca’spitosa
e.vilis, capillacea atra Dill. AIuso. 66, t'. 13. f. 9.—As already observed
th e Lichen lanatus of our older writers is Alectoria bicolor.
A species entirely Alectorioid in habit, so th at it might he referred
to Alectoria. The presence, however, of rhizinæ on the under surface
of the thallus, the crenUlato-uudulate margin of the apothecia, and
the distinctly Parmelioid character of var. /3 show th at it belongs to
this genus. The thallus is often suberect, aud iu favourable situations
spreads extensively. The apothecia are rare, but the spermogones are
frequent and sometimes so abundant as to render the thalline filaments
torulose or noduloso-unequal. They are immersed, with sterigmata
usually almost simple and spermatia 0,006-7 mm. long, 0,001 mm, thick,
slightly suhacute at the apices.
Ilab. Ou rooks and boulders, very rarely on gravelly soil, in suhalpine
and alpine localities.—Distr. Local and scarce in S.AV. and N. Englaud
and in N. Wales ; more frequent on the Grampians, Scotlaud ; rarer in
W. Ireland.—B. AI. ; Dartmoor Tors, Devonshire ; Cader Idris, Alerionethshire
; Snowdon, N. Wales; Teesdale, Durham. New Galloway,
Kirkcudbrightshire ; Ben Alore, Alael Girdy, aud Ben l.awers, Perthshire ;
(!lova Alts, and Katelaw, Forfarshire ; Loch Phadrig, Lochnagar, Alor-
roue, Cairngorm, and Ben-nahoord (frt.), Braemar ; Ben Nevis, Inverness
shire ; Hills of xlpplecross, Ross-shire. Alangerton, Killarney, and
AlacGillicuddy’s Reeks, co. Kerry ; Doughbruagh Alts., Connemara, co.
Galway.
A’ar. ¡3. reticulata Cromb. Grevillea, xii. (1884) p. 72 —Thallus
orbicular or suborbicular, closely apjiressed,black or blackish, opaque ;
branches short, slendei', very much entangled, subimhricate, dichotomously
reticulate, shortly furcate a t th e apices. xApothecia concolorous,
w ith th e margin often eiliate,— Lichen retieulatus AVulf. in
Jacq. Coll. ii. (1788) t. 9. ff. 0, 7. Alectoria lanata var. parmelioides
Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1872, p. 233 ; Leight. Lioh. FL ed. 3, p. 81
(inel. var. suhciliatn). Parmelia lanata var. suhciliata Nyl., Cromh.
Lich. Brit. p. 35 ; Leight. Lich. FL p. 125. Lichen pubescens Huds.
FL Angl. ed. 2, p. 132 ; Lightf. F l. Scot. ii. p. 893 ; AVith. Arr. ed. 3,
iv. p. 48. Coralloides tenuis.sirnum nigrescens, mundimuliebris instar
teætum Dill. AIuso. 113, t. 17. f. 32.— B rit. E.vs.: Cromb. n. 20.
A well-marked variety, which iu its normal condition with its parmelioid
habit looks like a distinct species. Transition states, however, exist,
and old plants gradually assume more of the characters of the tvpe. The
thallus, which is aptly compared bv Dillenius to “ black lace,” occasionally
becomes centrifugal. I t is not uncommon in a fertile condition, the apothecia
being usually numerous, with the margin often eiliate with spiiiu-
liform papillæ.
Ilah. On quartzose rocks aud boulders in alpine localities.—Distr. Confined
to some of the higher Grampians, Scotland, where it is plentiful.—
B.AI.: Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Clova Alts,, Forfarshire ; Alorrone, Glen
Callater, Cairngorm, and Glen Candlic, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
20. P. tristis Nyl. Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, i. (1856) p. 3 0 4 ;
Flora, 1872, p. 648.—Thallus cæspitoso-fruticulo.se, cartilaginous,
erect, rigid, somewhat roundly compressed, sparingly distichously
branched, pitch- or brownish-black ; branches subfastigiate, a ttenuate
(K ~ , CaCH)- Apotheoia plauo-oonvox, moderate, sub-
conoolorous, th e margin entire or fimbriate ; spores 0,0 0 8 -1 1 mm.
loug, 0 ,0 0 4 -6 mm. thick.—Cromb. Grevillea, xii. p 71.—Platysma
triste Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 26 ; Leight. Lich. F l. p. 99, cd. 3, p. 94.
Cornicularia tristis Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 404 : Hook. FL Soot. ii.
p. 69 ; Sm. Eug. F l. v. p. 228 ; Tayl. in Alack; FL Hib. ii. p. 86 ;
Aludd, Alan. p. 76. Lichen tristis AVeb. Spicil. (1788) p. 209 ;
AVith. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 43 ; Eng. Bot. t. 720. Lichen radiatus
Huds. EL Angl. ed. 2, p. 559. Liehen corniculatus Lightf. FL Scot.