sulqjhur-coloured ; branches very much divaricate, loug, a tten u ate,
concolorous or sparingly blackish a t the apices (K[[> *“"®f+roddishri
Apothecia lateral, becoming brownish-blaok, the margin en tire.—
Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 70.— Alectox-ia ochroleuca var. cincinnata
Leight. Lich. F l. p. 88, ed. 3, p. 79. Evernia ochroleuca h. cincinnata
F r. L. E. (1830) p. 22. Alectoria ochroleuca var. sannentosa
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 21. Alectoria sarmentosa Gray, Nat. Arr. i.
p. 408 ; Hook. EL Soot. ii. p. 68 ; Sm. Eug. Fl. v. p. 227 ; Aludd,
Alan. p. 70. Lichen ocliroleucus With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 46 pro parte.
■—As specimens in herb aria show, this was mistaken by our earlier
and some la te r writers for A . sarmentosa (cfr. Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot.
1872, p. 232).— B rit. Exs. : Cromb. n. 18.
The thallus often hears large foveolate aud scrohiculate concolorous
excrescences, and usually is here and there tinged of a hluish-black colour.
The apothecia do uot occur in this country’, and the spermogones are very
rarely seen.
Jlah. On the groiind in alpine places, creeçing loosely over mosses and
the stems of Azalea procmnbens.—Distr. Very local, though somewhat
plentiful on a few of the higher N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI. ; Ben-
naboord, Alorrone, Ben Alacdhui, Cairngorm, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
h. Apotheoia la te ra l ; spores 8næ, small, colourless {Bryopogon Link.
Handb. (1833) p. 164 pro parte).
3. A. divergens Nyl. Lioh. Scaud. (1861) p. 71.—Thallus cæspitose,
erect or prostrate, robust, rigid, and fragile, somewhat rounded
or subangular, shining, often muoh branched, b rownish-chestnut-
coloured ; branches dichotomously diverging ( K~, CaCl “
Apothecia bright-brotvu, th e margin usually crenulate or rough ;
spores 0 ,0 0 8 -1 0 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 5 -5 5 mm. thiok.—Cromb. Journ.
Bot. 1873, p. 1 3 3 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 78.— Cornicularia
divergens Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 303.
This is like larger states of Cetraria aczdeata, from which, however, it is
well distinguished hy being more robust, not spinulose, hy the medullary
reaction with CaOl, and the nature of the spermogones. In the few
specimens gathered in Britain the thallus is less developed than in those
from Arctic regions, and is destitute of the white points which elsewhere
are sonietimes present, arising from the rupture of the cortical layer.
The apothecia have as yet been detected only in N.E. Asia.
Ilab. On the ground among mosses in alpine places.—Distr. Found
only on one of the higher N. Grampians, Scotlaud.—B. AI. : Cairngorm,
Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
4. A. nigricans Nyl. Lioh. Scand. (1861) p. 71.— Thallus cæspi-
toso-fruticulose, erect or ascending, rigid, somewhat rounded, dioho-
tomously and intricately branched, livid- or chestnut-black, paler
towards th e base, opaque, branches more or less deflexed a t the
apices, th e axils somewhat lacunoso-impressed
). Apothecia lateral, moderate,CaCl -freddisi! badio-brownish, the
margin th in , a t length ex clu d ed ; spores 0 ,0 2 1 -3 5 mm. long, 0,015
- 2 0 mm. th io k .—Carroll, Jo u rn . Bot. 1865, p. 287 ; Cromb. Lich.
Brit. p. 2 4 ; Loight. Lioh. Fl. p. 87, ed. 3, p. 78.— Cornicularia
ochroleuca B. nigricans Ach. Lioh. Univ. (1810) p. 615.—Brit. E.vs. :
Cromb. n. 19.
The thallus, wliich is at length free, and, except in colour, like th at of
A. ochroleuca, is often blackish almost throughout, though sometimes
only towards the apices. When long preserved in herbaria it becomes
reddish, aud tinges the paper of the same colour. The apothecia have
been found only in Labrador and Arctic N. America. With us the spermogones
are not uncommon. They are somewhat protuberant, most
frequent towards the apices, with spermatia 0,007 mm. long, about 0,001
mm. thick.
Hah. _ Among mosses on the ground and on rocks, in alpine aud subalpine
situations,—Distr. Somewhat local, but usually plentiful ou several
of the higher Grampians, Scotlaud ; very sparingly on mts. in N. Wales ;
doubtfully on those of N. England.— B. AI. : Cwm Bychan, Alerionethshire
; The Glyders and Cavnedd Llewelyn, Carnarvonshire; ? Teesdale,
Durham. Ben Lawers and Alael Girdy, Perthshire; Beu-y-Gloe and
Cairn Go war, Blair A th o le ; Ben-naboord, Alorrone, and Beii Alacdhui,
Braemar, Aberdeeushire; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire.
5. A. jubata Nyl. ex Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1872, p. 233.—Thallus
elongate, pendulous, flliform, subrounded, somewhat rigid, much
branched, sorediiferous, olive-brown or brownish black, rarely
p a le r ; branches entangled, smooth, subooncolorous a t th e apices
( K“ , CaCl“ ). Apothecia innato-sessile, affixed to geniculations of
th e thallus, small, plane or convex, th e margin entire, a t length
excluded ; spores 0 ,0 0 6 -9 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 -5 mm. thick.—Gray,
Nat. xirr. i. p. 408 ; Hook. F l. Scot. ii. p. 67; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 227;
Tayl. in Alack. F l. Hib. ii. p. 8 6 ; Aludd, Man. p. 70 pro p a rte ;
Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 24 pro pa rte ; Leight. Liob. Fl. p. 88 pro
p a rte , ed. 3, p. 80 .—Lichen jubatus Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 1155
pro parte ; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 461 pro p a rte : Lightf. F l. Scot. ii.
p. 891 pro pa rte : W’ith. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 46 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1880 pro
parte. Usnea jubata nigricans Dill. AIusc. 64, t. 12. f. 7. Lichenoides
quod Muscus corallinus saxatilis freniculaceus Dill, in E ay Sj’ii.
p. 65, n. 7.—B r it. E xs. : Leight. n. 72 ; Aludd, n. 37 ; Cromb.
n. 128 (pallidior) ; Bohl. n. 83.
The thallus of this well-knowu plant, of which the type is A. prolixa
Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 502, is in its young state suberect, as it frequently
appears on old fir pales. UsuaUy it is more or less sprinlfled with whitish
or greyish soredia, which are especially abundant iu the less elongate or
suberect states. I t is one of our most social lichens, frequently along
with Usneas completely covering the trunks and branches of "firs in
Highland woods and forests. The apothecia are extremely rare iu Great
Britain, owing, uo douht, to so many old forests having been felled. The
spermogones, which are also very rare, are inclosed in scattered thalline
tubercles, with spermatia 0,006-7 mm. long, about 0,005 mm. thick.
Ilah. On the trunks and branches of old trees, cliiefly pine and larch,
as also on boulders among mosses, in wooded upland and subalpine regions.
r 2