0 ,0 1 0 -2 4 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 7 -1 1 mm. tliiok.—Borr. in Eng. Bot. Suppl.
t. 2716. f. 1 Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 212 ; Tayl. in Mack. El. Hib.
ii. p. 1 1 0 ; Mudd, Man. p. 4 0 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 4 ; Leight.
Lioh. Fl. p. 21, ed. 3, p. 19.— Lichen crispus Ach. Brodr. (1798)
p. 126. Lichen crispus of our older authors belongs to 0 . cheileum.
— B rit. E.vs. : Leight. n. 100 ; Mudd, n. 2.
This is allied to C. ptilposum, but differs in the form of the granulate
lobes, aud e.specially iu the crenato-granulate thalline margin of the
apothecia. From C. cheileum, whicli in fructification it closely resembles,
it is distinguished by the central lobes being more developed, erect and
aggregate. The apothecia are usually central, generally crowded, and
sometimes large.
Ilah. Among mosses on gravelly soil, and the tops of old walls,
chiefly in upland districts.—liistr. Local and scarce, at least in a fertile
condition, in the Channel Islands, Great Britain and Ireland.—B. M .;
Shores of the Island of Herm. The Downs, Sussex ; St. Lawrence and
Sandown, Isle of W ig h t; near Torquay, S. Devon; St. Minver, Cornwall
; AVindsor Great Park, Berkshire ; Coatham Marshes, Cleveland,
Aterkshire. Appin, Argyleshire ; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire.
Killarney-and Dunkerron, co. Kerry.
Suhsp. C. c eranoides Nyl. ex Cromh. Grevillea, xv. (1886) p. 12 .—
Lobes in th e centre imbricate, ascending, dilated upwards, somew
h a t proliferous, fastigiate. Apothecia w ith subentire or granulate
m a rg in ; spores 3-septate, 0 ,0 1 7 -2 5 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -9 mm. thick.
— Collema pulposum var. ceranoides Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1874,
p. 333 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 18. Collema ceranoides Borr. in
Eng. Bot. Suppl. (1831) t. 2704. f. 2 ; Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 209 ;
Mndd, Man. p. 41 pro p a r te ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 6 ; Leight.
Lich. F l. p. 23.
Having regard merely to the imperfect portion of the plant figured in
E. B. Suppl., this might he taken for a well-marked species. More
-lerfect specimens, however, in which the lobes at the circumference are
s:
epressed and more typical, show th at it is to be viewed rather as a sub-
■species of C. crispum, weU distinguished by the thaUus and apothecia.
I t is usually seen only in a sterile condition.
Hah. On cretaceous and calcareous soil, sometimes on sheU-sand, in
maritime and upland tracts.—Distr. Rather local and scarce, in the
Channel Islands, and S. and AA'". England.—B. M. ; Island of Herm.
Henham, Essex; Shiere, Surrey; The Downs, Halmaker, and Rotting-
dean Cliffs, Sussex; Babbicombe Downs, Devonshire; St. Minver and
near- Penzance, Cornwall; Bathampton Downs, Somersetshire; near
Cirencester, Gloucestershire; Malvern, AA^orcestershire.
Form c r is ta tu lum Nyl. ex Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 334.—
Thallus miorophylline, lobes crowdedly granulato-crenate. Apotheoia
sm a ll; spores 0 ,0 1 6 -2 1 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 7 -9 mm. thick.—Leight.
Lich. F l. Suppl. p. 468, ed. 3, p. 20.
This is a smaller and less developed state of C. ceranoides, from which
probably it ought not to he distinguished. As in the type, the apothecia
are but sparingly present.
Hah. On sandy soil in maritime tracts.—Distr. Local and rare ; tlie
Channel Islands and S.W. England.—B. M. : Coast of Herm. St. Alinver,
Cornwall.
14. C. concinnum Flo t. Linnæa, 1849, p. 361 ; 1850, p. 157.
—Thallus somewhat small, orbicular, variously inoiso-lobed, olive-
brown or dark-glaucous ; lobes narrow, round, more or less ascending
or depressed. Apothecia submoderato, piano, reddish, tlie margin
entire ; sporos ovoid, 3-septato or submurali-locular, 0,0 1 4 -2 0 mm.
long, 0 ,0 0 6 -9 mm. thick.—Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1882, p. 272.
From C. crispum this is distinguished by the smaller thallus and spores.
The British specimens belong chiefly to /3. deplanatum Flot., with the
lobes depressed, but this is evidently a mere state. The apothecia are
numerous, nearly moderate, or smaller, with the margin sometimes incurved.
Hab. On rocks and wall-tops in maritime districts.—Dfsir. Local and
rare in S.W. England, N, W^ales, and \V. Ireland ; but no doubt occurring
elsewhere.—B. M. : Plymouth, S. Devon ; near Penzance, Cornwall ;
Barmouth, Merionethshire. Achauure Castle, co. Galway.
15. C. cheileum Aoh. Lioh. Univ. (1810) p. 630.—Thallus imbri-
cato-lobed or oronato-granulose, greenish-black or dark-olive ; lobes
round, or minute and crenate, variensly divided. Apotheoia moderate,
or somewhat largo, plane, dark-reddish, th e thaUine margin
granulato-crenate ; spores oblongo-eUipsoid, 3-septate or submurali-
divided, 0 ,0 2 5 -4 0 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 6 mm. thick.—Sm. Eng. Fl.
V. p. 2 0 8 ; Mudd, Man. p. 40, t. i. f. 4 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 6 ;
Leight. Lich. F l. p. 20, ed. 3, p. 20.—Lichen eheileus Ach. Prodr.
(1798) p. 134. Enchylium crispum Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 390.
Lichen crispus Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 447 ; Lightf. F l. Scot. ii. p. 820 ;
With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 76. Lichen marginatus B ernh., Dicks. Crypt,
fasc. iv. p. 25. Lichenoides gelatinosum atro-virens, crispum et
rugosum Dill. Muse. 139, t. 19. f. 23.—Hudson’s name, Lichen crispus,
has priority, b u t to set aside tlio established name of Acharius
would lead to g re at confusion.—B rit. E xs. : Mudd, n. 3 ; Larb.
Cæsar. n. 52, Lioh. Hb. n. 203.
The thallus is occasionally somewhat effuse, and varies in the character
of the lobes, being either determinate and orbicular, lobate, with the lobes
very small in the centre aud explánate at the circumference, or sometimes
little developed and crenato-granulose. The gonimia are usually
scattered, though some are occasionally moniliform, and the filaments
are but scanty. The apothecia are chiefly central, with the margin
persistent.
Hab. p n the mortar of old walls, rarely on calcareous rocks, chiefly in
upland situations.—Distr. General and usually common in the Channel
Islands, and most parts of Great Britain and Ireland, but frequently
barren.—B. AI. : Quenvais, Island of Jersey. Thetibrd, Norfolk ; AAal-
tliiimstow, Essex ; Shanklin, Isle of Wight ; near Plymouth, Devonshire;
St. Minver, Cornwall ; Bathampton Downs, Somersetshire ; Alilton, Oxfordshire
; near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Cradley) near Malvern,
Worcestershire ; Oswestry, Shropshire ; near Barmouth, Alerioueth ;