Huds. P). Angl. p. 45!) ; LigMl. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 881 ; With. Arr. iv.
]). 42. Coi-aUoicles coi-niciiTis longiorVms et rariorihus Dill. Muse.
102, t. 10. f. 20. Lichenoides tubidosmn cinereum minus crustaceum,
minusque ramosum Dill, in lia y , Syn. ed. 3, p. 07, n. 1 7 .—B rit.
E.VS. : Mudd, n. 10 pro parto, Clad. nos. 50, 51.
This, even its more limited Nylauderian conception, is a very variable
species as to the podetia, tlie difierences iu which give rise to (he following
subspecies, varieties, and forms. As observed by Nylander (I.
it approaclies on the oue baud C. gracilk aud on the otlier Cladina ramji-
ferina. The type, as above described, is Lichen suhulnttis of Linnæus
■ to
the
I (form spadicea
I’ers., Ach.) and at other times ivbite (form epermena Acb.), according to
nature of habitat, tbe latter state occniTÎiig chieflv on cretaceous and
calcareous soil._ When fertile, as it rarely is with us, the branches are
usually subfastigiate at the apices, with the apothecia either solitary or
cymoso-aggregate. For the anatomical texture of the thallus, ride Nyl.
L c.
Hab. Ou the ground on moorlands and in woods in upland tracts.—
Histr. Probably general and common in G reat Britain and Ireland, though
seen from only a comparatively few localities.—B. M. ; Fppjng Forest,
Essex ; near Widdicombe and" Bovey Tracey, S. Devon ; Temple Moor,
Cornwall ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; Barmouth, Merionethshire;
Island of xVnglesea; near Avton and Newton, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
Appin, Argyleshire ; Killin, Pertlisliire ; Sidlaiv Hills and Clova,
Forfarshire ; Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Hotbiemiircluis,
Inverness-sbire. Killarney, co. Kerry.
Form exilis Mudd, Brit. Clad. (1865) p. 23.—Podetia very slender,
short, simple or sparingly branched, once or twice furcate a t th e
apices. Apothecia small, aggregate, dark-brown.—Cromb. Grevillea,
xi. p. 113.— Cladonia fu rca ta var. tenuissima Cromb. Lich. Brit!
p. 20 pro parto.—B r it. Exs. : Mudd, Clad. n. 53.
Tliis apparently descends from var. tenuissima Florke, of which probably
it is only a more stunted state, being from 4 to 1 iu. high. In
fertile specimens the podetia are somewhat tliicker'and but spariimly
branched, with very rarely a few minute scattered squamules. The
apothecia are usually somewhat numerous.
Hab. On sterile ground in upland moorlands.—Dàstî-. Local and scarce
in N. England, S. Scotland, and among the Grampians; no doubt to be
detected elsewhere.—B. M. : Guisboro’ Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire
New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Glen Lochav, Killin, Perthshire ■
Hill of Fare, Aberdeenshire. ‘ ’
Tar. p. corymbosa Nyl. Syn. (1860) p. 207.— Podetia thiokish,
usually efoholose, here and there longitudinally fissured, as also a t
one or th e other side of the apices, which are radiato-ramose or
subcorymbose. Apotheoia as in the type.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20,
Grevillea, xi. p. 113.— Cenomyce aJhtroqm var. corymbosa Ach. Lioh!
Lniv. (1810) p. 556.—To this also seems referable th e following ;__
Cenomyce furcata Hook. Fl, Scot. ii. p. 0 4 ; Cladonia furcata Gray
Nat. Arr. i. p. 4 1 4 ; while it is also Cladonia fu rca ta pro parto of
more recent authors.—B rit. E x s .: Aludd, Clad. nos. 40, 47 ; Leight.
11. 401 ; Bohl, n. 23.
The more or less (sometimes sparingly) fissured podetia. aud the form
of their apices characterize this variety. The podetia, which are frequently
subspadiceous, vary in length from 1 to 5 in., and in our British
specimens are usually somewhat slender and rarely sparingly foliiferous.
With K the reaction, at least in paler specimens, is often slightly yellow,
quickly turning to hrownisli. I t is usually' Avell fertile, the apothecia
being numerous on the subcorymbose apices.
Hah. On tbe ground aud on turf-walls in wooded upland districls.—
LUstr. Somewhat local and scarce in England, N. AYales, S. Scotland,
and S. Ireland; more frequent, liOAvever, among tbe Scottish Grampians.
—B. AI.; Epping Eorest, Essex; AVincbfield, Hants ; Dartmoor, Devonshire
; Withiel and near Penzance, Cornwall; Charmvood Forest, Leicestershire
; Alalvern, AVorcestershire ; Aberdovey, Merionethsbire; Ayton
Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire; the Cheviots, Northumberland. New Galloway,
Kirkcudbrightsliire; Appin, Argyleshire; Glen Lochay and Rannoch,
Perthshire. CountesSAvells, near Aberdeen: Glen Dee, Braemar,
Aberdeenshire ; Irocli Linnhe and Rothiemurehiis AVoods, Inverness-sbire.
Near Cork; Killarney, co. Kerry.
A^'ar. y. sp iu o sa Hook, in Sm. Eng. F l. v. (1833) p. 2 36.—Podetia
moderate, rigid, glabrous, deoumbeiit; branches lax, curved and
flexuose, here and th ere spinulose. Apotheoia small, dark-brown.—
Tayl. in Alack. IT. Hib. ii. p. 8 0 ; Leight. Aim. Alag. Nat. Hist,
ser. 3, xxiii. p. 413, Lich. Fl. p. 65, ed. 3, p. 60 ; Cromh. Grevillea,
xi. p. 113.— Lichen spinosus Huds. IT. Angl. (1762) p. 459 ; Lightf.
Fl. Soot. ii. p. 882 ; AATth. Arr. od. 3, iv. p. 45. Cladonia furcata
b. subulata d. spadicea Aludd, Brit. Clad. p. 23. Coralloides sparsum,
caulibus tortuosis et sjoimsis Dill. AIuso. 101, t. 10. f. 25.—
B rit. E.v s.: Aludd, Clad. n. 52.
This differs in the rather lax, irregularly branched and curved podetia,
bearing scattered, short, erect or recurved spinules. The podetia, which,
thouHi rio'id, are brittle, are often subspadiceous, but Avhen paler in
colour they usually give with K a distinct yellow reaction. I t is rather
rare in fruit, the apothecia being either simple or sparingly aggregate.
Hab. On the ground in moorlands and upon turf-Avalls in upland
districts.—DisO-. Probably general and common throughout Great Britain
and Ireland.—B. M .: Epping Forest, Essex ; Dartmoor, Devonshire ;
Newmarket Heath, Cambridgeshire; Brandon Hill, Leicestershire ; Aberdovey,
Alerionethshire; Island of Anglesea; Ingleby Park, Cleve and,
Yorkshire; the Cheviots, Northumberland; Harris Moor, (Cumberland.
Craig Calliach and Rannoch, Perthshire; Baldovan, Forfarshire; Durris,
Kincardineshire ; Countesswells, near Aberdeen ; near Inverey, Braemar,
Aberdeenshire; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire. Seymourhill Bog, near
Belfast, CO. Antrim.
Subsp. C. ra cemo sa Nyl. ex Norrl. Not. Sallsk. pro F . et Fl. Fenn.
Forh. 11. s. X. (1873) p. 320.—Podetia elongate, stoutish, irregularly
braiichetl, more or less squamulose, the branches short, erect, furcate
a t the apices (K —, C aCl - ) . Apothecia small, aggregate, brown.