COLLKHACEI.
0
[ c o l l em a .
gran u la te a t the circumference, blackish-green or black. Apothecia
small, reddish, tlie margin soniewliat tumid ; spores ellipsoid, 0,020
-2 4 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 3 mm. thick (or sometimes ra th e r smaller)
paraphyses slender, scarcely a rticu la te .—Nyl. Syn. i. p 1 0 4 -
Carroll, Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 22; Cromb. Lioh. Brit, p. 4 ; Leight. Idch!
P- P- 16.—To this apparently is referable 0. maritimum
la y l. Hook. Journ. Bot. 1847, p. 104.
In a moist state, when not fully developed, this might readily be taken
tor a Nostoc. l.ie thallus, which is variable, is closely agglutinate to
the substratum, with the lobes eornigato-ditform, plicate, appressed, and
usuaUy more or less verrucoso-gTanulose. The apothecia, thouoli numerous
are inconspicuous in the dry plant, being submersed in the small
thalline verrucæ. The spermogones are not imfrequent, with simple
cylindrical sterigmata; spermatia thin, obtuse at either apex, 0,0025 mm
long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick.
Ilah Among mos.ses on the ground in maritime and upland districts.
—Hisir. Apparently local and rare in S.W. England, N. Wales, the S.W
Highlands, Scotland, and in S.W. Ireland.—B. M. ; Lipsom Hill, near
Plymouth, Devonshire ; Cheddar Cliffs, Somersetshire ; near Barmouth
Merionethshire; near Kendal, ANestmoreland. Appin, Argyleshire
Dunkerron, co. Kerry. r r > oj
2. C. chalazanodes Nyl. Flora, 1869, p. 293.—ThaUus difformi-
lobate or laciniate, crennlato-lobed a t th e margins, dark-green or
blackish. Apotheoia small, reddish, th e thaUine margin tum id -
spores in clavate thecæ, ellipsoid or subglohose, small, 0 ,0 1 2 -1 7
mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 5 mm. thick. — Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1869
p. 1 0 5 ; Lich. Brit. p. 4 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 17, ed. 3, p. 16.
This IS distinguished from the preceding species, to which it i s closely
.allied, by its much smaller and often subglohose spores. In the few
Bntish specimens seen, the apothecia are numerous, but no spermogones
Hah. Among mosses on old walls in wooded upland tracts.—Distr.
Very loc^ and scarce m W. England, though it may occur in mountainous
districts, as in beandmavia, where it was discovered.—B M • Bradley
\ \ ood, Newton Bushell, S. Devon ; Coin Rogers, Gloucestershire.
3. C. myriococcum Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p . 638.—ThaUus
imhncato-lohed, or a t len g th almost orustaceo-diffbrm, olive-green
or blackish ; lobes crowded, complicate, crisp. Apotheoia minute,
numerous, aggregate in thaUine tubercles, somewhat concave, reddish,
th e thaUine margin tum id ; spores in cylindrical thecæ
globose or subglohose, 0,009-12 mm. in diameter when globose
or 0,011-12 mm. long, 0,009-10 mm. thick, when subglohose’
—Nyl. Syn. i. p.^ 104, t. iv. f. 21 ; Cromb. Jonrn. Bot. 1874,
p. 146 ; Leight. Lioh. F l. ed. 3, p. 16.— Lichen myriococcus Ach
Prodr. (1798) p. 121 .— B rit. E xs. ; Cromb. n. 3.
This differs from C. chalazanmn chiefly in ,the thallus being larger, the
lobes more developed, the apothecia more aggregate, and the spores more
COLLEMA.] C O I .T .m iE l. 41
globose. The apothecia are generally abundant, almost obliterating the
thallus, and becoming like it blackish when dry. The preceding species
is intermediate between this and C. chalazanum.
Hah. Among mosses on old walls in shady places in upland districts.
—Distr. Tery local, though plentiful where it occurs in W. England,
S. Wales, and N.E. Ireland," probably elsewhere overlooked.—B. M.:
Near Cirencester, Stroud, and Ahlington, Gloucestershire; Pemhroke-
sliire. Near Belfast, co. Antrim.
h. Hymenial gelatine bluish w ith iodine.
4. C. confertum Nyl. Flora, 1867, p. 330. — ThaUus small,
turgidly squamulose, black ish -b rown ; squamules crowded, usuaUy
cyathoid or podetiiform, almost all fertile. Apotheoia small, urceo-
lato-impressed, one a t th e summit of each thaUine squamule or
lobule, subconeolorous, th e margin tumid ; spores eUipsoid or
fusiformi-eUipsoid, 0 ,0 1 7 -2 3 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 0 mm. th ic k ;
paraphyses slen d e r.— Leight. Ann. Mag. N a t. H ist. ser. 3, xx.
p. 259 ; Lich. F l. p. 18, ed. 3, p. 1 0 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 4 ;
Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 333.— Collema turgidum var. confertum Aoh.
L. U. (1810) p. 034.
The peculiar squamulose thallus and the situation of the apothecia at
once distinguish this from other British species of Collema. I t is allied
to C. lepideum Nyl., a West-African plant, and the two form a distinct
group, characterized by the thallus and the reaction of the hymenial
gelatine. No authentic British specimen has been found in recent years;
and indeed the plant is known only from the original specimen sent by
Turner to Acharius, and from two fragments in Herb. Kew and Brit.
Mus.
Hah. Amongst mosses on the ground in maritime tracts.—Distr. Known
only from E. England.—B. M .: Dunwich, Suffolk.
B. EIJCOLLEMA Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1874,
p. 333. — Thallus variously lobed,
rarely entirely granulose ; gonimic
grannies usually moniliform. Apotheoia
leoanorine ; spores septately
divided, irregularly murali - looular,
ovoid or eUipsoid; hymenial gelatine
bluish w ith iodine ; spermogones with
jointed sterigmata.
a. Thallus entirely granulose.
Fig. 11,
Collema pulposum Ach.
Six spores, X 500.
5. C. terrulentnm Nyl. Elora, 1874,
Fig. 12.
p. 306. — ThaUus small, „scattered, th in ,
Collema meloenum Ach.
granulose, olive-brown or brownish-blaok.
Four spores, X 500.
Apotbecia small, concave, reddish-brown,
the tbaUine margin thickish, en tire; spores ellipsoid or oblong,
submnrali-dividcd (usnaUy with 5 transverse septa), 0 ,0 1 8 -2 4 mm.
J .