1. L. rhyparodes Nyl. Flora, 1865, p. 210.—Thallus diffuse,
th in , furfiiraceous or subgrauulato-unoqual, diffract, brownish-red
or blackish-brown (I-t-wiiie-red). Apotheoia small, a t first concave,
becoming somewhat plane and a t length biatorine with excluded
margin, concolorous or re d d ish ; spores ovoid or ellipsoid,
a tten u a te a t one or th e o th er apex, submurali-divided, 0,020-35
mm. long, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm. thick.—Carroll, Journ. Hot. 1865, p. 287 ■
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 7 ; Leight. Lioh. F l. p. 35, od. 3, p 26 —
Oollema jism-ellum N yl. Flora, 18 6 5 ,p. 6 02; Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1866
p. 22 ; Lioh. Brit. p. 3 ; Leight. Lioh. F l. p. 26 : vide Cromb. Journ
Bot. 1874, p. 336.
The thalliis,_ which lias the gonimia more or less scattered, sometimes
spreads extensively, and occasionallv becomes almost evanescent The
apothecia are at first urceolate and sometimes at length subbiatorine
Occasionally specimens growing on moist sbady rocks are more obscure
and less developed with nearly biatorine apothecia; this state is
Collema psorellum Nyl.
Hab. On damp rocks and stones (schistose) in subalpine and alpine
'‘“ 4 Iff® tlie S. Grampians, Scotand.—
J5. AI.: Oraig Calliach, on the summit and above Loch-ua-Gat
Den Lawers, Perthshire. ’
Lieh- Germ. (1865) p. 419 —
ih a llu s effuse, squamuloso-granulose, olive- or b rown ish-green-
squamules lacmiato-disseot or orenato-inoised, congested into a dense’
crust. Apotheoia moderate or large, urceolate, reddish-brown, th e
margin entire, thick, p a le r ; spores ovoid or oblong, narrower a t
either apex, irregularly murali-looular, 0 ,0 2 4 -3 4 mm. long- 0 011-
T? U ”!', hfoad-—Mudd, Man. p. 4 6 ; Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 7 -’ Loight.
Z 'o P - . ® L 3> P- 26.— Collema tenuissimum Sm. Eng. El. v!
p. 213. Polychidiwm tenuissimum Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p 401 Lichen
tenuissimus Dicks. Crypt, fasc. i. (1785) t. 2. f. 8 ; AVi'th A rr od 3
IV. p. 6 1 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1427.— E x s . : Mudd, n . 4. ’ ’ ' ’
Well distinguished by the external character of the thallus from the
allied species of the subgenus, aud by the internal structure from states
ot X lacerum pulmnatum, which it resembles. The apothecia
usuaDy sparingly present, have the margin sometimes slightly conniyent’
and are olten comparatively large and deeply urceolate.
XX«J. On the ground among mosses and short grass in maritime and
upland distncts.--Disf?-. Sparingly here and there throughout EnBand
very rare m Scotland and Ire la iid .-B . M .: Near Norwkh, Yarmoute
Norfolk; Reigate Hill, Surrey; Hastings and Twineham, Sussex; Sandown
Isle ol W ig h t; near Penzance, Cornwall; Snowdon, Carnarvon -
near Easby, Cleveland, Yorkshire. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire •
3. L. humosum Nyl. Mem. Soc. Cherb. v. (1857) n. 90 - Svn i
(1858) p. 119.—Thallus effuse, th in n ish , consisting of lobul’ate A - !
nnlcs closely aggregate (with larg e r lobules here and there in te rmixed),
brown or browmsh-black. Apothecia small, somewhat
concave, concolorous ; spores 4 -8næ, plurilooular or variously septate,
ovoid or oblongo-ovoid, 0 ,0 2 0 -3 4 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 6 mm.
thick.—Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 195.—To th is Nylander {in litt.)
refers Leptogium tetrasporum F r. fil. Vet. Ak. Edrh. 1864, p. 276.
As observed by Nylander, I. c., this has externally the appearance of
Lecidea uliginosa Ach., from which it is far removed by the structure of
the thallus and apothecia. It is near the preceding species, from which
it is distinguished by the less-developed thallus and the smaller con-
coloroua apothecia. In the British specimens the apothecia are few, with
the spores usually 4iiæ, ovoid, 0,027-34 mm. long, 0,013-16 mm. thick.
Hah. On mortar of walls in a maritime district.—Bistr. Rare in the
Channel Islands.—B. M. : Port Gorey, Island of Sark.
4. L. p u sillum Nyl. Mém. Soc. Cherb. v. (1857) p. 90 ; Syn. i.
p. 121.—Thallus very minute, lobulato-granulose, thin, adnate,
olive- or groenish-brown. Apotheoia minute, concave, elevated,
reddish, prominent in the thalline exciple, th e margin of whioh is
concolorous with the epitheoium ; spores ovoid or narrowed a t either
apex, 3-4-septate, 0 ,0 1 8 -2 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 0 mm. thick.—
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 7 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 30, ed. 3, p. 27.—
Brit. E.VS. ; Larb. Cæsar. n. 54.
An inconspicuous plant, apt to be overlooked. Scarcely any of the
gonimia are moniliform. The Briti.sh specimens are usually little developed
and more or less effuse (form effusum Nyl.). The apothecia are very
small and somewhat scattered.
Hab. On mortar of old walls in maritime districts.—Bistr. Local
and rare in the Channel Islands and in S. and W. England.—B, M. :
St. Brelade’s Bay, Island of Jersey ; St. Peter's Port, Island of Guernsey.
Shiere, Surrey ; Freshford, near Bath, Somersetshire ; Kemble, Gloucestershire.
5. L. s u b tile Nyl. Mém. Soc. Cherb. v. (1857) p. 90 ; Syn. i.
p. 12 1.— Thallus effuse, very minutely divided, somewhat laci-
niato-dissoct or granuloso-oronate, dark- or brownish-green. Apothecia
minute, gyaleotoid, pale-brown or reddish, th e margin thin,
entire, subconeolorous ; spores ovoid, 3-5 -sep tate, with longitudinal
septules, 0 ,0 2 0 -2 3 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 0 mm. thick.—Mudd,
Man. p. 46, t. 1. f. 8 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 8 ; Loight. Lioh. F l.
p. 31, ed. 3, p. 29.— Collema subtile Sm. Eng. PL v. p. 2 1 3 ; Tajd.
in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 111.— Polychidium subtile Gray, Nat. Arr.
i. p. 401.—Lichen subtilis Schrad. Spio. (1794) p. 95 ; Dicks. Crypt,
fasc. iv. p. 28 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1008.
The more distinctly laciniate thallus when fully developed, and the
much smaller and thinly margined apothecia, distinguish this from X.
teîiîMssfmum, with which it agrees in its entirely cellular structure. The
spores also are smaller, with fewer loculi. The apothecia are generally
numerous and somewhat crowded.
Hab. On cretaceous rocks, on the ground, rarely, on the roots of old
trees, in upland districts.—Bistr. Pretty general, though not very common,
in S, and W. England ; rave in the Channel I.slands, N. England,
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