In general appearance not unlike P. communis, but differs in tbe colour
oi tbe thallus, the form of the apothecia, and more especially iu the 8-
spored thecæ. The thallus is at times widely expanded, and is often
almost entirely covered with the numerous'crowded verrucæ, which
from mutual pressure become much deformed. By the confluence of the
ostiola when there are more than one iu the same verruca, the apothecia
assume a discoid aspect with a thick, inflexed, rugoso-crenate thalloid
margin. Tlie spermogones are uot imfrequent, with spermatia 0 013-23
mm. long, 0,0005 mm. thick. ’
Ilab. On truuks of trees, chiefly in forests and large woods, from
maritiine to upbmd districts.—Histr. General and uot uncommon iu
EngJand; apparently rare in Scotland and Ireland.—B. M. : Sotterlv
Uglev, and iarmoutli, Suffolk ; Eppiug and Ilainault Forests, Essex-’
1 eiishurst, Kent ; St. Leonard’s Forest, Sussex ; New Forest, Hants •
near Totnes aud Lustleigh, S. Devon ; Bocconoc and Withiel, Cornwall I
Charnwood Forest, Lmcestershire ; Dolgelly and Aberdovey, Merioneth!
shire ; 1 reiriw, Denbighshire ; near Conway, Carnarvonshire ; Oswestry
and LlanyblodweU, Shropshire; Ingleby Park, Cleveland, Yorkshire;
I eesdale Forest, Durham ; Keswick, Cumberland. Barcaldine, Argyle!
shire ; Craig Calliach aud Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Durris, Ki?cardine-
^ iire; Graig- Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Castlebernard Park, co
Cork I Dinisb, Killarney, co. Kerry.
Form 1. c a rn e a F r. Lioh. E ur. (1831) p. 424.—Tballus as in the
type. Apotbecia w ith tbe disc protruded, tumid and flesh-coloured.
Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 59 .— Thelotrema hymeniiimyar. y. carneum
Turn. & Borr. Lioh. Br. (1849) p. 185.
Evidently a monstrosity with abortive fructification. Though the
thallus IS said by Turner and Borrer to be tliin and filmy on tbe bark of
clierry and holly, yet when growing on beeches it is quite as in tbe type.
Ilab. On the bark of trees in wooded upland tracts.—Disfr. Very local
c Z t e Z u j K e lt = New Forest, H an ts; Toy’s Hill,
Form 2. sp a rs ilis Nyl. ex Leight. Lioh. F l. ed. .3, (1 8 7 9 )p. 232.
— ThaUus scanty, whitish-yellow, th e fertile verruoæ few, d istantly
scattered ; otherwise as in tbe type.
A rather singular condition, depending probahlv upon the habitat In
the few fragments seen the thallus is little visible.
Hab. On moist shady rocks in an upland situation.—Disir. Only very
sparingly m W. Ireland.—B. M. : Lough Inagh, Oonnemara, co. Gahvay.
Y a r ft. g lab re sc en s Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 71.—Thallus tb in ,
smoothish or slightly rugulose, yellowisb-grey or greyish-green.
Apothecia with th e epitheoium subrimose, blackish.— Cromb. Grevillea,
xix . p. 59.
ApparenÜv a good variety characterized by the thinner, smoother
thallus and the form of the epithecium. In the single British specimen
tlie iertile verrucæ are mostly somewhat scattered.
• w ¿T? ¿ " " ’ri holly in a mountainous d istric t.-D isfr. Only
in the S.W. HigUands of Scotland, though probably to be detected else-
where.—B. M. : Barcaldine, Argyleshire.
Yar. y. ru p ic o la Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 71.—Tballus effuse, thickish,
areolato-veiTucose, sulphur- or greenish-yellow colour; fertile ver-
rucæ crowded, difform. Apotbecia w itb the ostioles punotiform
blackish, depressed.— Cromb. Grevillea, xix . p. 59.— Pertusaria
fa lla x var. ft. sulphurea Mudd, Mann. p. 276 ; Leight. Lich. Fl.
ed. 3, p. 231. Pertusaria sulphurea var. ft. rupicola Schaer. Enum
(1850) p . 229.
Differs in the deeper colour of the thallus and in the habitat. In this
country it is very rarely fertile. The thallus is occasionally sprinkled
with small sorejose (abortive) verrucæ, when it is Endocarpon sulphu-
ream la y l. m Mack. Fl. Ilib. ii. p. 100, approaching subspecies P. flam-
cans Lamy, Bull. Soc. Bot. t. xxv. p. 427. » f J
Hab. On rocks in maritime and mountainous regions.—Disfr Only a
few localities in Mb and N. England, the S.W. Highlands of Scotland,
aud W. Ireland.—B. M. : Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Snowdon, Carnarvonshire
; Island of Anglesea; Ingleby Park, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
Island of Lismore, Argyleshire ; The Trossacbs, Perthshire. Duukerron,
CO . Kerry; Dawros River, Connemara, co. Galway.
23. P. lu te sc en s Lamy, Bull. Soo. Bot. t. xxv. (1878) p. 427._
Thallus subeffuse, th in , pulverulent, yellow, a t times th in ly zonate
a t th e ciroumferance ; sterile verrucæ transformed in to concolorous
soredia^ (K (CaCl) + orange-yellow). Apothecia very ra re , leoanoroid,
dilated, blackish, th e margin tumid ; spores 0,0 5 4 -7 9 mm.
long, 0 ,0 2 8 -4 0 mm. tbiok.—Cromb. Grevillea, x ix . p. 59.—Isid ium
lutescens Turn. & Borr. Licb. Br. p. 8 7 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 230.
Lepraria lutescens Eng. Bot. t. 1529. Lepra lutescens Hoffm. PI.
Lich. (1784) t. 23. ff. 1, 2. Pertusaria fa lla x var. y. variolosa Er.
Mudd, Mau. p. 276.
Has quite a leprarioid appearance when sterile, as it always is in this
TOuntry. By Th. M. Fries, who first described the fructification (Lich.
bcand. p. 312) it is regarded as only a variety of the preceding. From
this, however, it scarcely descends, while it differs in the much shorter
spores. Jh e apothecia have as yet been found only in Sweden.
^ Hab. On tlie trunks of old trees, chiefiy oaks, iu wooded upland
Mtuations.—Disfr. Seen from only a few localities in S., W , and N
England ; probably often overlooked.—B. M. : Ickworth Park, Suffolk ’•
Epping J r e s t , Essex; Ockham, Surrey; Hurstpierpoint, Sussex; New
Eorest, Hants; Oswestry, Shropshire; near Battersby, Cleveland, ITork-
24. P. carneopallida Anzi, Nyl. Flora, 1868, p. 478.—Tballus
hypophlæodal, m aoular, pale or pale-glaucous (K - , CaCl — ). Apotheoia
erumpent, minute, pseudo-lecanoriiie, a t first plaue w itb a
th in , irregular, white, spurious margin, then pulviiiato -convex,
im m a rg in a te ; spores 8næ, 0 ,0 1 8 -3 2 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 1 -2 0 mm.
th ick .—Cromb. Grevillea, xii. p. 60.— Lecidea carneopallida Nyl.
Bot. Not. 1853, p. 1 8 3 ; Lich. Scand. p. 196, t. 1. f. 9. Lichen
cupularis Witb. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 22 pro p a rte (L i. “ on trees ”).