T
i :
only in a young state are more or less lecanoriue. In the two British
specimens, the thallus is subolivaceous with the areolæ somewliat
gibbous at the circumference. They are well fertile, hut the spermogones
are yery rarely present.
Ilab. On a mica-schist boulder in a mid-alpine situation.—Distr.
E.xtreraely local and rare on one of the S. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. :
Loch-ua-Qat, Ben Lawers, Perthshire.
Subsp. 2. L. su b d ep re s sa Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 69.—Thallus
subdeterminate, thiokish, rimoso-areolate, greyish or dark-grey ;
hypothallus indistinct. Apothecia small or submoderato, concave
or somewhat plane, black ; tho thalline margin depressed, a t len g th
c.xcluded ; spores variable in size, from 0 ,0 1 8 -2 4 to 0 ,0 2 7 -3 2 mm.
long, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 5 mm. th ick .—Cromb. Grovillea, xix. p. 57 ; Jo u rn .
Bot. 1885, p. 195 (u t sp. propr.).— Urceolaria rufescens Tayl. in
Mack. Fl. Ilib . ii. p. 132 pro parte.
Subsiuiilar to the preceding subspecies, but differs at^ once in the
longer spores and the more distinctly lecanorine apothecia. Nylander
says (Lich. Fret. Behr. p. 30) th at the tliallus in specimens from
Behring’s Straits is subradiate at the circumference, which is not the
case in ours. The apothecia are either somewhat scattered or at times
several aud small in each areola. The spermogones have the spermatia
0,009-15 mm. long, scarcely 0,0001 mm. thick.
Ilah. On schistose rocks in mountainous regions.—Distr. Local but
plentiful where it occurs, in Great Britain and Ireland.—B. AI. : Cader
Idris and Oamlan Valley, near Dolgelly, Alerionethshire ; Snowdon,
Carnarvonsliire ; Windermere, AVestmoreland. Barcaldine, Argyleshire ;
Craig Calliach and Ben Lawers, I’erthshire ; Alorrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
Cappamore, near Duukerron, co. Kerry; Alaam Turk mt.,
Connemara, co. Galway.
170. L. cæ sio ciu e re a Nyl. F lo ra , 1872, p. 364.—Thallus determinate,
thickish, arcolato-verruooso-diffraot, cæsio-greyish, greyish-
white or sordid - greyish (K —, CaCl—) ; hj-pothallus black,
usually limiting th e thallus. Apotheoia submoderato, a t first
immersed and concave, a t len g th somewhat prominent and plane,
black or dark-olive ; th e th allin e margin thiokish, entire, or subentire
; spores 8næ, ellipsoid, 0 ,0 1 8 -2 5 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 4 mm.
th ick ; hymenial gelatine tawny wino-red with iodiue.—Leight.
Lich. Flora, ed. 3, p. 134 ; Cromb. Grevillea, xix . p. 57 .—B r it.
Exs. : Leight. n. 2 0 4 ; Larb. Lich. Hh. n. 60.
Usually confounded with L. gibbosa, hut now definitely separated hy
difierences in the tliaUus and fructification. At times it is widely
expanded with the hypothallus little visible. In shady habitats the
thallus is more cæsious and but sparingly fertile. The spermogones (Jide
Nyl.) have the spermatia 0,007-11 mm. long, 0,0005-7 mm. thick.
Hab. On rocks in maritime and inountainous districts.—Distr. Only
here and there throughout Great B ritain and Ireland.—B. AL : Roughton
aud near Penzance, Cornwall; Llandyssil, Cardiganshire; Alalvern
Hills, AVorcestershire; Lougmynd, Shropshire; Lamplugh, Cumberland.
Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; King’s Park, Stirling ; Glen Lyon and Beu
Lawers, I ’erthshire ; near Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; Alorrone, Braemar
Aberdeensliire. Kilcully, near Cork; Kilkee, co. Clare; Douo-hrua»h
and Alaam mts., Connemara, co. Galway ; Black mt., co. Antrim.
Form ohscurata Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 364.—Thallus d ark- or
olive-greyish. Apothecia and spermogones as in th e type.—Leight.
Lich, F l. ed. 3, p. 195.—Parmelia cinerea var. ohscurata F r. fil.
Lich. Sueo. n. 348.—B r i t Eoes,\ Leight. n. 1 7 5 ; Mudd, n. 135.
Variously placed by authors, but evidently referable to this species,
with whicli, except m the darker thallus, it entirely agrees. In this
respect, however, transition states at times occur.
Hab. On rocks and boulders in upland and subalpine tracts.—Distr
lu a few localities in Great Britain and S.AV. Ireland.—
B.AI.: Alalvern Hills, Worcestershire; Caer Caradoc, Shropshire; Cliff-
rigg, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Reston Scar, Staveley, Westmoreland
KiJigs Park, Stirling; Craig Tallocli, Blair Athole, Perthshire; Mor-
roue, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Killarney, co. Kerry.
171.^ L. lævata Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 364, 1881, p. 183.—Thallus
determinate or effuse, very th in or thiu, ooutinuous or here and
there rimulose, smooth, somewhat shining, sordid-lurid-glauoous
( J “ ) CaCl — ) ; hypothallus black, often indistinct. Apotheoia
minute, concave, black, tho thalliue margin somewhat tumid,
prominent, eu tire or suhcrenulate ; spores 0 ,0 1 5 -2 4 mm. long,
0 ,0 0 9 -1 4 mm. thiok ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish, th en tawny
wine-coloured w ith iodine.—Saqedia lævata k c h . Lich. Hniv (IS lO l
t. 6. f. 5. ^
Generally regarded as only a variety of L. gibbosa, but distinct in the
much thinner, more continuous thallus and the minute apothecia. Alore
definitely, however, it is separated from it, and from all the allied species,
by the fonn of the spermatia. These are slightly arcuate, 0,020-32 mm.
long, 0,0005 mm. thick (fide Nyl. Lich. Fret. Behring, p. 31). In the
single British specimen the thallus is indeterminate, but Acharius (Syu.
p. 134) says it is now and then limited by a black serpentine (liypo-
tlialliiie) line. Both apothecia and spermogones are numerous, the
lonuer being here aud there somew'hat crowded.
Hal. On a damp quartzose riparian rock in a subalpine district.—
Distr. Extremely local and scarce among the N. Grampians, Scotland.—
B. AI. : Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
172. L. calcarea Somm. Suppl. F l. Lapp. (1826) p. 1 0 2 ; Nyl.
Flora, 1869, p. 4 0 9 .—Thallus determinate or subeffuse, ta rta reo -
larinose, continuous or rimoso-areolate, ivhite-cretaoeous or greyish-
white (K— ,C aC l—, medulla I — ) ; hypothallus white. Apotheoia
immersed, a t length somewhat plane, submoderate, cæsio-pruinose ;
th e th allin e margin entire or rugoso-plicate ; spores 2 -6 næ , ra re ly
8næ, ellipsoid or often subgloboso, 0,0 1 8 -3 0 mm, long, 0 ,0 1 4 -
27 mm. thick ; paraphyses not discrete, dark a t th e apices ; hymenial
gelatine bluish, th en sordid-yellow w ith iodine.—Cromb. Lioh.
Brit. p. 64 ; Leight. Lioh. Fl. 209, ed. 3, p. 192.— Aspicilia cat