I'i
íi
and occasionally bears pale-reddisli ceplialodia similar to those of Lecidea
inmoeola. When growing iu w et places by streams it is more expanded,
of a livid-grey colour, uon-cephalodiiferous, with the thalline margin
of the apotliecia usually obliterated (form rivularis, Cromb.). The
apothecia are somewhat scattered, innate or at length nearly superficial,
with the disc free at tlie circumference.
Hab. On micaceo-schistose rocks in alpine places.—Distr. Only very
sparingly near the summits of two of the S. Grampians, Scotland.—
15. AI. : Beil Lawers and Craig Calliach, Perthshire.
169. L. g ib b o sa Nyl. Not. Siillsk. pro F . et Fl. Ferm. Forh. n. s.
V. (1866) p. 137.— Thallus determinate, thick, areolato-verruoose
or gibbous, greyish, dark-grey or dark-greenish-hrown (K—,
CaCl — , medulla I —) ; hypothallus black, lim iting th e thallus.
Apothecia a t first immersed and concave, then emersed and plane,
submoderate, black, naked ; the thalline margin en tire or slightly
crenulate, persistent ; spores 6 -8næ, rarely 4næ, ellipsoid or sub-
globose, large, 0 ,0 2 1 -3 8 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 2 -2 4 mm. th ick ; paraphyses
n o t discrete ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish, th en taw n y or sordid-
wine-red W'ith iodine.—Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 193, ed. l ,p . 209
pro p a rte ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 55 pro parte.— Aspicilia gibbosa
Aludd, Alan. p. 162. Urceolaria gibbosa Sra. Eng. El. v. p. 1 7 2 ;
Gray, Nat. A rr. i. p. 468. Lichen gibbosus Aoh. Prodr. (1798) p. 30.—
lÂchen gibbosus Dicks. Crypt, faso. ii. (1790) p. 20, t. vi. f. 6 ; W ith .
A rr. ed. 3, p. 20, from th e diagnosis and locality cited is evidently
no t this species.—B rit. Exs.: Leight. n. 175 ; Cromh. n . 167 ; Larb.
Lich. Hb. n. 220.
A very variable plant presenting the varieties and subspecies that
follow: while several states of the type itself were by older authors
regarded as distinct species. In a young condition, especially when
silicioolous, the predominating hypothallus, black and radiately sub-
plumose, is everywhere visible, the thalline verrucæ being more or less
scattered. I t is then Lichen fibroms Eng. Bot. t. 1739 ; Urceolaria
gibbosa var. /3. fimbriata Ach., Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 4.58. The same with
the verrucæ here and there greeuisli-sorediiferous, owing no doubt to
habitat (moist flints), is Lecanora aspersa Borr. Eug. Bot. Suppl. t. 2728 ;
Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 188. Another state, in which the thalline verrucæ are
subglobular and ofteu discrete, is Lachen tuberculosus Eng. Bot. t. 1733 ;
Itinodina tuberculosa Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 4S2 ; Lecanora tuberculosa Sm.
Eng. Fl. V. p. 188. Occasionally the thalline margin of the young
apothecia is coarctate or suhcrenulate, whence forma porinoidea (Flot.
Lich. Siles. i. p. 128) Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 194. All of these, however,
where the plant is very abundant (as in the Kentish locality),
ofteu pass into and are mixed up with each other in the same specimen.
The spermogones, especially in younger states of the plant, are very
frequent, with spermatia 0,009-0,012 min. loug, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick
{Jide Nyl. Lich. Pyr. Or. Obs. nov. p. 59).
_ Hab. On rocks and stones (chiefly flints) in maritime and hilly
districts.—Distr. Local, though plentiful, in S., W., and N. Fngland ; rare
in Wales and in the S.W. Highlands of Scotland : not seen from Ireland
nor the Channel Islands.—B. AI. : Hyde, Isle of ' Wight ; Lydd Beach,
Ken t; Lewes, S. Downs, St. Leonard’s, and Beachy Head, Sussex;
T b e t t e r fw l Dorsetshire; Lyndhurst Aloor, Hants
o l s s l e n T v T ’ ¿ “/ I ? Hereford Beacon, Alalvern, Worcestershire
Var /3. zonata Wamio, Aledd. Soo. pro F. et F l. Fenn. t. vi. (1881)
p. 168. — Jffiallus determinate, thinly rim o so -areo la te, greyish
g l a u ju s , effigurate a t th e circumference w ith concentric and
parallel paler lines and limited by a very th in , black hypothallus.
Apothecia as m th e ty p e .-C rom b . Grevillea, xix. p. 5 1 .~ S a g ed ia
zonata Ach. Vet. Ak. Handl. (1809) p. 165 ; Lioh. Univ. p. 329.
te rfz e7 " T - ’^ overlooked by authors, but well characferenee
T b l l i ^ f zonate at the circum-
!= !+a+ a L ? i 1 ft marked are a t times whitish
v o ^ » 0* I'"].*(pparently is tbe result of abrasion. A
T^L A condition may be var. squamata (Flot.) F r fil
+ b p 7 Licb. Fl. ed. 3, p. 194, which is only
the so-called form portnoidea liypothaliine).
P",®ft‘f o u s stones in maritime and upland situations.—Dfsfr
t J i i ’'- J y l ; P y r. Or. Obs. Nov. (1891) p. 59 (nota 1 ) . -
J-tiatius thmm sh, rimoso-areolate, subrugulose, greyish or dark-
grey ; hypothallus little visible. Apotheoia somewhat smaU often
flexuose; spores 0 ,0 1 6 -2 1 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 6 mm. thick —
M o r a l u s c a N j l . F lo ra 1873, p. 69 (nota 1 ); Cromb. Journ.
-Dot, 1882, p. 2 / 4 ; subsp. lusca Cromb. Grevillea, x ix . p. 57.
t n f ' ( I ' H y l a je r as only a variety of L. gibbosa, difiering in
the characters given and more especially in the rather longer spermatia
which are 0,016-21 mm long, 0,010-14 ¿m . thick. In other re^peto it
approaches subspecies L. subdepressa. The small apothecia are at times
numerous, crowded, and difibrm.
Hab. On rocks in maritime and mountainous districts.—D/bir. Only a
few lo cjitie s in Great Britain and tbe Channel Islands.—B. AI.: Chateau
¿Tre •’ UPOT N ; "ft” Montgomery; Barmouth, Alerioueth-
J i r e ; near Newton, Clevelaud, Yorkshire; Scale Hill, Lazonby
S i ^ n r a r f i n e S ' " “ '
Suhsp. 1. L. depressa Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro F . e t F l. F e n n n s
V. (1866) p. 137.-—Thallus effuse, areolato-rimulose, greyish or
dark ; hypothallus indistinct. Apothecia somewhat small, subleci-
deme, a t length p la n e ; spores 0 ,0 1 8 -2 4 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -0 014 mm
P- Leight. Lioh. F l.p . 210 pro parte,'
P™ to Th. M. Frie s (Lich. Scand.
p. 282) this is no t Sagedia depressa Ach. (Lioh. Univ. p 327
t 6. f. 3), which has th allin e reaction K + and is a 'fo Jm of
L , cinerea.
Well characterized as a subspecies by the type of the apothecia, which
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