and on the S. and Central Grampians, Scotland.—11. M. : Ounswick Scar,
Westmoreland. Craig Calliach, above Loch-na-Gat, Ben Lawers, and
Craig-1 ullocli, Blair Athole, Pertlishire.
174. L. poriniformis Nyl. Flora, 1865, p. 353—Thallus effuso,
thinnish, firm, rimoso-diffract, greyish or pale-grey (K + yellow).
Apothecia small, in n ate in convex, somewhat prominent verrucæ,
portusarioid, pale or brownish ; th e epitheoium palo, punctiformi-
contraoted ; spores 6-8næ, ellipsoid, 0 ,0 7 0 -8 0 mm. long, 0 ,034-50
mm. th ic k ; paraphyses slen d er; hymenial gelatine bluish, th en
tawny-yellow w ith iodine.— Carroll, Jo u ru . Bot. 1866, p. 2 3 ;
Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 56 ; Leight. Lich. F l. p. 190, ed. 3, p. 203.—
B r it. Exs. : Cromb. n. 74.
^^<trtusaria, allied to P. .ranthostoma Somm.
ih e characters, however, of the hymenium, of the tliecæ (which are
fugacious), and of the spores show th a t it is a Lecanora distantly related
to the preceding species. The thallus spreads somewhat extensively
with the fertile verrucæ scattered or approximate. Usually there is but
a single apothecium in each verraca, though not unfrequently tliere are 3
or 4, when the verrucæ are rather larger.
XfeS. On schistose rocks and walls, rarely incrusting mosses, or on
trunks of old firs, in maritime and subalpine districts.—Disfr. Local and
scarce amoug the S. and Central Grampians and on the N.E. coast of
Scotland.—B. AL: Ben Lawers aud Craig Tulloch, Perthshire; near
Portlethen, Kincardineshire.
175. L. Dicksonii Nyl. ex Carroll, Journ. Bot. (1867) p. 255.—
Thallus determinate, th in , smooth, rimose or areolato-rimose,
oehraoeo-fcrruginous, opaque ( K - , CaCl—) ; hypothallus th iu l
hlaok, limiting th e thallus. Apothecia lecideine, small, innate,
concave, black, in te rn ally blackish (greyish in th e centre), th è
proper margin thick,^ black ; spores 8næ, ellip'soid, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 4 mm.
long, 0 ,0 0 6 -8 mm. thiok ; hypothecium hrownish-blaok ; paraphyses
no t discrete, fuliginous towards th e apices ; hymenial gelatine
bluish, th en wine-red with iodine.— Cromb. Lich. Brit. "p. 55 •
Leight. Lioh. Fl. p. 211, ed. 3, p. 196.— Lichen Bidcsonii Ach!
Prodr. (1798) p. 76. Lecidea melanophoea Fr., Aludd, Man. p. 206.
Lecidea OEderi (non AVeb.) Tavl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 122 • 8m
Eng. Fl. V. p. 1 7 8 ; Hook. F l. Scot. ii. p. 3 8 ; Gray, N a t.’ A r r ’
1. p. 466. Uchen OEderi Eng. Bot. t. 1117 ; AVith. A rr. ed. 3, iv
p. 11 pro pa rte .— S n 'i. Exs. : Leight. n. 127 ; Cromb. n. 72.
By many authors regarded as a Lecidea, with much the aspect of
L . OEderi, with which it has been confounded ; but its most appropriate
place is in this section. The peculiar colour of the thallus, as in various
other instances, is owing to suffusion with peroxide of iron. Typically
a c co rjn g to specimens from Kerguelen Laud, it is greyish (vide Linu!
boc. Journ. Bot. xv. p. 190 s. n. Lecidea sincerula Njd.). The apothecia
are numerous and at times somewhat crowded.
Hab. Oa rocks and walls, chiefly schistose, in mountainous regions.—■
Bistr. Somewhat local, though usually plentiful iu Great Britain and in
S.W. Ireland.—B. AI.: Pingle Bridge, near Chagford, S. Devon ; Dolgelly
and llhiwgreidden, Alerionethshire; Bettwys-y-coed,Deubiteishire•
island of Anglesea; AVrekin llill, Shropshire ; Eglestone, Durham’;
Jav e ley , Kendal, AA'estmoreland ; Lamplugh, Cumberland. Kin»’s Park
FdmHirgh; Ben Laivers and Craig Tulloch, Perthshire; Glen Callater
Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Croghain and Alangerton, co.
Form atrata Cromb. Grevillea, xix . (1801) p. 58 .—Thallus only
here and there sparingly visible upon the predominating hypothallus.
Apotheoia scattered, minute.— Gyalecta atrata Aoh. Vet. Ak. Haudl.
1808, p. 229.
A rudimentary, though apparently permanent condition in which
scanty traces of a feiTugiiious tliallus are seen only around the apothecia
which iu the British specimens are uumerous. ’
Hab. On quartzose rocks in an alpine locality.—Dísír. Only very
^a rm g ly on one of the N. Grampiaus, S co tlan d .-B. AI.: Alorroue
Braemar, Aberdeenshire. ’
176. L. lacustris F r. fil. Vet. Akad. Handl. vii. (1867) p. 24._
Thallus determinate or subeffuse, th in , smooth, rimuloso-diffract
pale testaceous or oohraceous ( K - , C a C l- ) . Apothecia minute!
uroeolato-innate, reddish testaceous or brown ish ; th e thalliue
margin tumid or usually little d is tin c t; spores 8nm, ellipsoid, 0 ,0 1 3 -
18 mtn. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -9 mm. th ic k ; paraphyses no t discrete, sli’ghtly
brownish or yellowish a t the apices ; hypothecium colourless;
hymenial gelatine bluish, th en sordid-wiue-red or tawny w ith
iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea, i. p. 1 7 2 ; Leight. Lioh. Fl. ed. 3, p. 195
(excl. forma p u n c tata).— Lecanora gihhosa forma lacustris ’h eight.
Lioh. Fl. ed. i. p. 210 ; subsp. lacustris Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 55.
Lichen lacustris AVith. Arr. od. 3 (1796) iv. p. 21, t. 31. fi'» 4
Urceolaria A eh a rii Gray, Nat. A rr. i. p. 4 5 7 ; Hook. FL S o o t'ii’
p. 4 7 ; Sm. Eng. F l. v. p. 172 ; Tayl. in Maok. F l. Hib. ii. p. 132
(mcl. var. ¡3). Liehen A eh a rii AVestr. Eug. Boc. t. 1087. Aspicilia
epulotica Mudd, Alan. p. 161 pro maxima v a n e .— B rit. Exs.- Cromb
n. 71.
The thallus is normally pale, almost white, hut is usually more or less
ochraceous from being tinged with peroxide of iron. I t often spreads
extensively over the substratum and is at times semi-aquatio. The
apothecia, which are numerous and often crowded, are at first minute
immersed, rarely at length prominent, occasionally iu age becomiuo- subé
moderate, plane, and distinctly margined by the thallus. Occasioually
He spores are r a t j r thicker, 0,012 mm., when it is Lecidea subepulotica
Nyl. Além Soc. Cherb. t. v. p. 337, a state which occurs also in Great
Britain and Ireland.—Var. ¡3. cyrtaspis (Ach.) Oromb. Grevillea, xix
p. 58, does not belong- to this species (cfr. Fr. fil. Licli. Scand. p. 288).
Hab. On rocks (often inundated) in streams in upland and subalpine
d is tr ic ts .-Dtóí?-. Only here and there, though plentiful where it occm-s in
Great Bntain aud I re la n d .-B . AI. : Lyndhurst Aloor, New Forest Hants •
Dartmoor, Devonshire; Withiel, Cornwall; Nannau, Dolgelly, and near
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