IS. C. d eg en e ran s Florke, Clad. (1828) p. 41.—Thallus squamulose
at the base ; squamules few, small, oronato-inoisecl, glaucous-
green aboA’e, white beneath ; podetia moderate, glabrous, often sub-
verruooso-uncqual, seypliiferous, whitisli or pale-greenish, black and
wh itish-punctate a t the base ; scyphi often radiato-pedicellate or
proliferous a t th e margins ( K - , CaCl—). Apotheoia somewhat
large, brown, or pale reddish-brown; spores 0,010-11 mm. long,
0.0035 mm. thick.— Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 19 ; Leight. Lioh. Fl.
]i. 04, ed. 3, p. 59.— Cladonia degenerans b. enphorea Mudd, Brit.
Clad. p. 17. Cladonia gracilis 7. degenerans Mudd, Alan. p. 55.
Capitularia degenerans Fldrke in AVeb. et Alohr, Beitr. ii. (1810)
p. 308.
A very variable plant, Avbich approaches in its varieties and forms
several other species. In general it may readily be distinguished from all
of these, Avith wbicb it might be confounded, by having the podetia,
wliich in age become blackish in their lower portion, whitish corticali-
pnnctate at tbe base. Its most typical state, as observed by Nylander
(Lich. Scand. p. 54), is form enphorea Ach. (Syn. p. 259), wliich has
almost the habit of C. grewilis and presents tlie above characters. The
only Briti.sh specimen as yet seeu is sterile.
Hah. On the ground in moorlands in subalpine mountainous regions.—
Histr. Found only very sparingly among the N. Grampians, Scotland.—
B. AI. ; Head of tilen Gairn, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
Form l.h a p lo t e a Fldrke, Clad. (1828) p. 42 .—Podetia moderate,
usually proliferously divided above, soyphiferous, scarcely or rarely
squamulose ; soyphi cristato-diyided at the margins.-—Aludd, Brit.
Clad. p. 18 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 19.— Cladonia gracilis S. degenerans
a. Jiagdotea Aludd, Alan. p. 55. Cenomyce gonorega a. aplotea
Ach. Syn. (1814) p. 258.
The podetia in this fonn are from 1 to 2 in. high, naked, or occasionally,
especially at the margins of the scyphi, sparingly squamulose.
In the few Briti.sh specimens, the apothecia, which are minute, reddish-
brown, are only sparingly present.
Hab. On tbe ground in subalpine and alpine regions.—Histr. Apparently
local and scarce among tbe Scottish Grampians.—B. JI. : Pass of
1.eny, Perthshire ; Ben-naboord and Upper Glen Ilee, Braemar, Aber-
deeiisbire.
Form 2. g ra n u life ra Cromb. Grevillea, xi. (1883) p. 113.—
Podetia moderate, densely verrucoso-granulose, simple, or shortly
branched above, obscurely scyphiferous.
Seems to he intermediate between tbe type and the following variety,
and is well characterized by tbe minute croivded granules with which
tbe blackish podetia are clothed throiighont. The apothecia in tbe only
specimen seen are somewhat large and dark-brOAvn, but are visible only
on a single podetium.
Huh. On the ground in alpine situations.—Bistr. Met with only once
and very sparingly among tbe N. Scotti.sli Grampiaii.s,—P>. AI. ; Cairngorm,
liraemar, .Aberdeeiisliire.
Form 3. pleolepidea Nyl. Lich. Scand. (1801) p. 5 4 .—Podetia
simple or sparingly branched above, usually somewhat curved,
ascyphous, densely covered with rigid squamules. Apothecia numerous,
dark-brown.—Cromb. Grev'ilJea, xii. p. 91.
The podetia, which Nylander {I. c.) describes as being 2-3 in. long, are
with us much smaller, from 4 to 1 in. Occasionally, where less squamulose,
they are Avliite-piinctate. in the two qiecimens gathered the apothecia
are more or less aggregate.
^ Hab. Among .sliort mosses on the grouiid in alpine places.—Hidr.
A’ery local and scarce among the N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. ; Near
the summit of Alorrone, Braemar, .Aberdeenshire.
Arar. p . anomæa Fldrke, Clad. (1828) p. 4 3 .—Podetia short,
slender, rugose and more or less squamulose ; scyplii usually ra diately
divided. Apothecia either sessile or pedicellate, dark brown.
— Aludd, Brit. Clad. p. 18 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20 ; Loight. Lich.
i ’l. p. 64, ed. 3, p. 00.— Cladonia gracilis ê. degenerans o. anomæa
Aludd, Alan. p. 55. Scyphophorus anomreus Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 238.
Cenomyce ammæa Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 63. Lichen anomæus Eug.
Bot. t. 1867. Beeomyccs anomæus Ach. Aletli. (1803) p. 3 49.—
B rit. Exs. : Afudd, Clad. ii. 32 (atypical).
This variety is distinguished by the podetia, which are from | to 1 in.
high, being either densely or partiallj' covered with squamules, and by
the form of their scyphi. As ob.served, however, by Nylander (Syn.
p. 200), the podetia are .scarcely seypliiferous, but rather radiato-partite
{cfr. Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 552). The apothecia are either simple or conglomerate,
becoming in age somewhat large.
Hab. On the ground on lieatlis and on rotten wood in upland situations.—
Histr. Apparently local and scarce in S.AV. and N. ihiglaiid, in S.
Scotland, and among the Grampians ; no doubt overlooked elsewhere.—
B. AI. : Lakenbain, Norfolk; near Hurstpierpoint, Sussex; Dartmoor,
S. Devon ; Alalvern,AA’orcestershire ; Burton Head, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
Pentland Hills, near Edinburgh ; Craig Calliach, Perthshire ; Glen Cal-
later and Glen Quoicli, Braemar, Aberdeeitsliire.
Subsp. 1. C. trachyna Nyl. ex Norrl. Not. Sallsk. pro F . e t Fl.
Fenn. Forh. ii. s. x. (1873) p. 319.— Podetia elongate, or moderate,
cylindrical, squamulose, soyphiferous, sordid-whitish ; soyplii
deiiticulato-proliferous and rad ia to -c ristate a t th e margins. Apotheoia
minute, brown. — Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 113.— Cladonia
degenei-ans f. trachyna Aludd, Brit. Clad, p. 18. Boeomyces trackynus
Ach. Aleth. (1803) p. 348.
From the preceding varieties and forms this differs in the form of the
scyphi, which give it somewhat the appearance of C. crispata. This and
its general habit seem to entitle it to rank as a subspecies. The podetia
are normally from 3 to 5 in. long ; but they sometimes occur less developed.
The apotliecia are at length dark brown, but our more elongate states are
only spermogoniiferous.
Hah. On heathy ground amongst mosses in upland and subalpine
regions.—Histr. Local and scarce among the Scottish Grampians.—
B. AL ; Baimoch, Perthsliire ; Bcn-uaboord, Braemar, .Aberdeenshire.
1, 2