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ash-coloured upper surface, and its whitish under surface with long white
rhizinæ. The lobes are of moderate size, though many usually compose
an individual plant, which then stireads extensively. I t is common m
fruit, especially with younger apothecia, nor do these attain any great
size in a»e. On the margins of the lobes pycnides are occasionally seen.
These are tubercular, brownish-black, the conceptacle colourless beneath ;
stylospores oblong, 0,009-0,012 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. thick (vide Nyl.
Syu. i. t. 1. f. 27).
Hab. Among mosses on the ground, the tops of old walls, on boulders
and about the roots of trees in lowland and upland situations. Ikstr.
General and common throughout Great Britain, and probably Ireland ;
rare in the Chaunel Islands.—B. M. : Island of Guernsey. Epping Forest,
Essex; New Forest, Hants; near Penzance and Withiel, Cornwall;
MadiiiHey, Cambridgesliire ; AVvchwood Forest, Oxfordshire ; Clee Hills,
Shropshire; near DolgeUy, Merionethshire; Snowdon, Carnarvonshire;
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; The Cheviots, Northumberland.
New Gallowav, Kirkcudbrightshire; Barcaldine, Argyleshire;
Glen Lochay and Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Durris, Kincardineshire ;
Countesswells and Castleton of Braemar, Aberdeenshire; near Forres,
Elginshire; Glen Neyis, Inverness-.shire; Applecross, Ross-shire. Near
Belfast, CO. Antrim ; Killarney, co. Kerry.
Var. ¡3. m em b ran a c e a Nyl. Syn. i. (1800) p. 324.—Thallus
th inner, more glabrous (subtomentellose), roundly lobed, th e fertile
lobes short. Apothecia small.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 29 ; Leight.
Lioh. Fl. p. 108.— Peltidea canina y. membranacea Aoh. Lioh. Univ.
(1810) p. 518.— B n i. Exs. : Larb. Lioh. Hb. n. 45.
Distinguished hy the thallus and apothecia, the characters of which,
according to Nylander in litt., entitle it probably to rank as a subspecies
{cfr. Zw. Licli." Heidel. p. 20). I t is not frequent in fruit, and even
when present the apothecia are hut few.
Hab. Among mosses on the ground in shady places in maritime, lowland,
and upland districts.—Disiir. Not very general, though common
where it occurs in Great Britain, and perhaps also in Ireland.—B. M. :
Near Penzance, Cornwall; Hyde Park, London (oliin) ; Barmoutli,
Merionethshire; near Conway', Carnarvonshire; Island of Anglesea;
Patterdale, Cumberland. Ba'rcaldine, Argyleshire; Killin and Blair
Athole, Perthshire: Strathmartin, Forfarshire; Corriemulzie, Braemar,
Aberdeenshire. Rostellan, co. Cork ; Kylemore, Connemara, co. Galway.
3. P . ru fe s c e n s Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 107.—Thallus
moderate, somewhat thickish, subtomentellose, roundly lobed, crisp,
greenish- or greyish-brown when moist, pale, pale-cervine or
greyish-red when dry ; beneath w ith thiok coarse dark or brownish
nerves and few rhizinæ. Apothecia moderate, rotundato-oblong, a t
length revolute, red or brownish-red, th e margin denticulate ; spores
e lo ja to -fu s ifo rm , 3 -5 -sep ta te , 0 ,0 4 2 -7 2 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 -5 mm.
th ic k .— Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 29 ; Leight. Lioh. F l. p. 108, ed. 3,
p 102.— Peltigera canina fl. rufescens Mudd, Man. p. 82. Peltidea
rufescens Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 60 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 216. Lichen
rjfescens Eng. Bot. t. 2300 ; AVith. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 405 ; Lichen
ru fa s (errore) p. 70. Lichen caninvs fl. rufescens Lightf. F l. Scot.
ii. (1777) p. 846 ; Huds. El. Angl. ed. 2, p. 547. Peltidea erisgoa
(Aoh ) Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 428. Lichenoides digitatum rufescens,
fo liis latucce crispis Dill. Muse. 203, t. 27. f. 103. Lich cnoidesjel-
tatmn terrestre rufescens Dill, in Hay Syn. ed. 3, p. 76, n. 8».
B r it. E xs. : Cromb. n. 43 ; Bohl. n. 87.
The smaller, smoother, more crisp thallus, and the difference of
colour, as also the darker or brownish veins of the underside, distinguish
this from P. cfmma, to which it is intimately allied.^ Wliether it is to
be regarded as specifically distinct is doubtful, since intermediate states
occur hy which they may he connected. The apothecia when present
are numerouSj tliongh it is often sterile.
Hab. Among mosses on shady rocks and the stumps of felled trees in
maritime and mountainous districts.—Disir.
ill the Channel Islands, AV. and N. England, N AVales, Die S.AV. ILghlands
of Scotland, and S. Ire la n d .-B . M. : Island of Guernsey Kea^
Totnes, S. Devon; Penzance, Oornwall; Cirencester, Gloucestershiie ,
Ilafod, Cardiganshire; Aberdovey, Merionethshire ; AA in to n ie re "«»1
Kendal, AA’estmoreland. New Galloway, Kirkeiidhriigitshire ; Baicaldine,
Argyleshire; Rannoch, Perthshire; Oori-iemulzie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire;
S. of Fort AVilliam, Inverness-sliire. Rosscarhery, oo. Cork.
Form prætextata Florke in Somm. Lapp. Suppl. (1826) p. 123.
— Thallus with th e lobes isidiiferous or minutely squamulose a t the
margins : otherwise as in tho type.—Cromh. Linn. °U
xvii. p. 574.— Peltigera canina, var. 7% i
Man. p. 83. P . canina var. crispa Leight. Lich. I h ^<1- P‘
P . canina form lepidophora (non Nyl.) Cromh.
— B r it. Exs. ; Mudd, n. 60 ; Leight. n. 262 ; Larb. Lich. H b. n. 46 ;
Bohl. n. 30.
AVell marked by the isidioso-suhgranulose excrescences hy which the
margins of the lobes are bordered (often densely), and which may be
a lso scattered here aud there upon their surface. I t is
fructification, the apothecia sometimes hecommg large. 1 ycnides .similar
to those of P . canina are frequent on the marginal squamules.
Hab. Among mosses on shady rocks and walls, rarely on the ground,
generally uear water, in upland districts.—Disir. Somewhat local, but
tommon in Great Britain and Ireland ; rare m the Clianiiel Islands ;
plentiful on the Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. : Rozel, Island of to s e y .
Lustleigh and AA'iddecomhe, S. Devon ; Bocconoc, Cornwall ; neai M oi-
cester; Barmouth and Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Easby and Soweidale,
Oleveknd, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham ; near Kendal A\ estmoreland ;
Keswick, Cumberland. Appin, Argyleshire ; Glen Lochay, Killin, and
Glen Fender, Blair Athole, Perthshire; Craig J ] “ “ ” ’
deenshire; S. of Fo rt AA’illiam, Inverness-shire ¡ Island of Skye. Killarney,
CO . Kerry; Glendalough, Connemara, co. Galway.
4 P . spuria Leight. Lioh. F l. (1871) p. 1 0 8 .-T h a llu s small,
suhsimple, digitately lobed, asoendiug or suberect, adpresso-tomentellose,
smooth, groyish-grecn ; beneath whitish, w ith coarse concolorous
nerves and a few short rhizinæ. Apottocia small, subro
tu n d ate, a t length obloiigo-revolute, brown or red disb-teown, the
margin orenulate or d en ticu la te ; spores aoioulari-fusiform, 3 - / .
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