towards th e oiroumferenoe ; lacimæ somewhat ascending, much e n tangled,
subqdane or qjlane, orisq) (K _ , CaCl_). Apothecia moderate,
brownish-red, the reeeptaole smoothish, margin nearly en tire ;
spores ellipsoid, 0 ,0 0 5 -1 1 mm. long, 0,001-6 mm. thick.—CarroU,
.Tourn. lio t. 1866, p. 2 2 ; Cromb. Licb. Brit, p 2 / ; Leight tech
IT p 101 e d .3 , p. 96 .— LicTiea Pahlunensis Linn. bp. 11. (17od)
p ’l l 'l 3 - Euo- Bot. t. 653 (fig. only).— F f * sub P. PaUunensL—
B r it. K v ’s. : Cromb. n. 25 ; Dicks. H o rt. Sic. n. 23.
Often confounded with the preceding, from which, apart from th e
characters of the thallus and the receptacle of the apothecia, it is disnn-
-niislied by the absence of any chemical reaction and by the tonu of th e
mennatia. The apothecia are numerous, chiefiy central, sometimes becoming
large in old age. The spermogones usually very numerous, have
.short,?simple sterigmata, and spermatia oblongo- or fusiformi-ellipsoid,
0,008-4 mm. long, 0,0015-20 mm. thick.
Ilab On rocks and boulders chiefly in alpine situations.—Dfsir. Rather
local, being confined to N. Wales, S. Scotland and the Grampians, espe-
cialh- those of Braemar, where it is p len tifu l.-B . M. : Carnedd Llewelyn
and ‘the Glvders, Carnarvonshire. New Galloway, KiiLcudbrightshire ;
Beu Lawers and Hills uear Amulree, Perthshire ; Katelaw, h orfarshire ;
Beii-n ihoord, Morrone, and Lochnagar, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Beu
Nevis, Inverness-shire.
Form te n u is e c tum Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1886) p. 4 9 .—Laeiniæ
narrower and more intricately crowded.— G iira ria commixta f. tenuisecta
F r. fil. Liob. Scand. (1871) p. 109.
Connected with the type by intermediate states, and probably not constant
; always sterile.
Hab On rocks in alpine situations— Disfr. Local and scarce on the
Grampians, Scotlaud— B. M. : Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Morrone, Braemar,
Aberdeenshire.
C. Spermatia acioular, cylindrioal, slightly incrassate a t one apex.
a. Tballus suberect or appressed, somewhat loosely affixed,
concolorous ; lacimæ narrow or dilated.
9. P. ju n ip e rin um Nyl. Act. Soo. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, i. (1 8 5 /)
p_ 295. Thallus ascending, lobato-laciniate, citrine or greenishyellow
on both sides, or somewhat paler beneath ; medulla intensely
citrine ; laciniæ crowded, eroso-orenate, crisp, concave (K _ , CaCl ).
Apothecia adnate to tbe fro n t of th e laciniæ, moderate, badio-
reddisb or badio-browiiish, th e margin corrugate or denticulate ;
spores ellipsoid, 0 ,0 0 6 -9 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 -6 mm. th ick .—Nyl. Syn.
i p. 312, t. 8. f. 34 ; Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 2 7 ; Leigbt. Lich. FL
p 102, ed. 3, p. 96.— Cetraria ju n ip e rin a Gray, Nat. A rr. i. p. 432 ;
Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 220 : Aludd, Alan. p. 79. Lichen ju n iperinus
Linn Sp. PL (1753) p. 1147. Lichen ju n ip e rin u s Huds. F l. Angl.
p. 452 ; Lightf. F l. Scot. ii. p. 836, ap parently refers to some state
0 Ï Physcia parietina, as observed in Eng. Bot. 194, and With. A rr.
ed. 3,' iv. p. 34 (cfr. Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 234).
Our few authentic specimens are typical, tliougli smaller than in
countries where it is more plentiful. The apothecia do not occur in
these, and the spermogones are rarely seen. They are minute, marginal,
with spermatia 0,007 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick.
Hab. On the trunks of aged qiines in mountainous woods.—Distr. Extremely
local and rare in the N. Grampians, Scotland ; very doubtfully in
N. England.—B. AI. ; ? Near High Force Inn, Teesdale, Durham (frt.).
Clova, Forfarshire; Rothiemurchus Woods, Inverness-sliire.
10. P. pinastri Nyl. Flora, 1869, p. 4 42.—Thallus depressed,
roundly lobed, greenish-yellow ; laciuiæ jilane, somewhat broad,
sometimes imbricate,tbe m argins iiiteiiselj’ citrino-sorediate ; medulla
deep citrine (K ~ , CaCl“ ). Apotheoia as in th e preceding species,
b u t very ra re .— Platysma ju n ip e r inum, subsp. p inastri Cromb. Journ.
Bot. 1872, p. 234. Platysma jun ip e rin um var. p in a stri Cromb.
Lioh. Brit. p. 27 ; Leight. Lioh. Fl. p. 102, ed. 3, p. 97. Cetraria
p in a stri Gray, N a t. A rr. i. p. 432. Cetraria juniperiwc ft. p in a stri
Hook. F l. Scot. ii. p. 57 pro qiarte ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 220 ; Aludd,
Alan. p. 79. Liohen p in a s tr i Scop. Fl. Cam. ii. (1772) p. 382 ;
Dicks. Crj’pt. fasc. iii. p. 18 ; W ith . Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 61 ; Eng. Bot.
t. 2 1 1 1 .
This holds the same relation to P. juniperinum, of which it has usually
been considered a variety, as P. ulophyllum does to P. sæpincola, except
with respect to size. I t is distinguished from the preceding by being
smaller, with broader and more appressed lobes, and by the bright citrine-
coloured marginal soredia. The colour of the mediilk in both species, as
observed by Nylander, I. c., depends upon the presence of vulpuline.
Neither apothecia nor spermogones are seen in our British specimens.
Hah. On the trunks of old firs and on larch pales in upland wooded
districts.—Distr. Very local and rare in E. and N. England, and in the
Grampians, Scotland.—B. AL : Framlingham, near Norwich, Norfolk ;
Ilolwick, Yorkshire ; Teesdale, Durham ; near Kendal, Westmoreland.
Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; AVoods of Rothiemurchus, Inveruess-shire.
b. Thallus subascending, somewhat loosely affixed, diseolorous ;
laoiniæ dilated.
11. P. glaucum Nyl. Act. Soo. Liun. Bord. sér. 3, i. (1857) p. 295.
—Thallus foliaceo-expanded, ascending, smooth or lacuuoso-riigulose,
laciniate or laciniato-lobed, glaucous-grey or pallesoeiit, beneath
brownish or blackish, paler a t the circumference ; laciniæ more or
loss ascending, sinuate, crenate, or lacerate, often sorediate a t tbe
margins (jj+yellowish^ C aC lI). Apothecia marginal, adnate,
moderate or somewhat large, reddish-brown, the margin th in , evane
scent; spores ellipsoid, 0 ,0 0 6 -0 mm. long, 0,0 3 5 -5 0 mm. thick.—
Nyl. Syn. i. p. 314, t. 8. f 35 ; Cromb. Ifich. Brit. p. 27 ; Leight.
Lich. Fl. p. 102, ed. 3, p. 97.— Cetraria ejlauca Graj’, Nat. Arr. i.
p. 433 ; Hook. El. Soot. ii. p. 57 ; Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 220 ; Tayl. in
Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 154 ; Aludd, Alan. p. 79, t. 1. f. 20. Lichen
glaucus Linn. Sp. PL (1753) p. 1 1 4 8 ; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 4 5 3 ;
Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 838 ; AA’ith . Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 53 ; Eng. Bot.
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