morg/ha e. cagtiiata Acli. Lich. Univ. (1810) qi. 001 ; N jl. Bull. Soc.
Linu. Normand, ser. 2, iv. (1870) p. 149. R amalina polymorgolia
Sm. Eug. IT. V. qi. 229.
Bistingulslied by tbe laciuiæ, wbicli are esorediate at tbe sides, and by
tbe situation of the apotbecia. Tlie apices of the laciniæ are subfastigiate,
with the soredia globuloso-grnnulose, or paitlj’ pulverulent, wliitish
and convex. I t should perhaps, as Nylander suggests (I. c.), rank as a
distinct species, intermediate betweeu l i. polymorpha snd  . pollmaria.
In this country it is always sterile.
Hab. On weathered granitic boulders in mountainous regions. —Distr.
l.oeal and scarce in N. England and in the N. Grainpian.s, Scotland.—
B. AI. : Teesdale, Durham. Ben-naboord, Aberdeenshire.
7. R. p o llin a r ia Ach. Lich. Lniv. (1810) p. G08.— Thallus sub-
orcct, somewhat elongate, subflaocid, suboomprossed, sublaounoso-
nnequal, and longitudinally rugose towards the base, laoero-laciniate,
slightly shining, pale straw-coloured or glaucescent; laciniæ plane,
sublinear, variously divided, w ith white farinose, scattered soredia
(medulla K —). Apotheoia subterminal, moderate, concave, pale or
glaucous, th e receptacle unequal beneath ; spores oblong, s tra ig h t or
slightly curved, 0 ,0 1 0 -1 5 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 -0 mm. thick.—Gray,
Nat. A rr. i. p. 407 ; Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 2 2 5 ; Tayl. in Alack. El.
Hib. ii. p. 85 pro qiarte; Aludd, Alan. p. 74 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 25 ; L eig h t. Lioh. El. p. 95, ed. 2, p. 475, ed. 3, p. 87.—Lichen
goollinarius AYestr. Y e t. Ak. Handl. (1795) p. 5 6 ; Eug. Bot. t. 1607
(desor. pro parte). Lichen farinaceus var. 3, With. Arr. ed. 3, iv.
p. 50. Lichenoides lacunosmn lacerum, angustius Dill. AIuso. 163,
t. 21. f. 5 7 D, E .— B r it. Exs. : Aludd, n. 46 pro p a r te ; Cromb. n. 130.
Related to R. farinacea as well as to tbe preceding species, but distinguished
from both by the laciniæ and the soredia. The laciniæ are
variable, tbe typical form being th at described {elatior Ach. Lich. Univ.
p. C08). The soredia are numerous, though occasionally they occur only
towards the apices, sometimes rendering the thallus inflated on the opposite
surface. In this country the apothecia are rarely met with. I'he
spermogones, which are also rare, have the spermatia cylindrioal, about
0,001 mm. long, and 0,001 mm. thick.
Hah. On the trunks and branches of old trees, rarely on rocks, in
w’Ooded maritime and upland tracts.—Distr. General and common in S.
and AV. England, local m N. AA'ales and the Channel Islands ; very rare
in S. Scotland ; not seen from Ireland.—B. AI. ; La Roche, Jersey ■
Island of Sark. AValtham Abbey, Essex ; near Alaidstone, Kent; lien?
field and near Lewes, Sussex ; New Eorest, Hants ; near Hyde Isle of
AVight; Plymouth and Streat, Devonshire; Pentire, The Lizard, and
near Penzance, Cornwall; Fresco Island, Scilly; Stowe Park, Buckino--
ham; Twycross, Leicestershire ; Island of Anglesea; Ingleby, Cleveland,
Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; uear Hexham, Northumberland; near
Skelton, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire: Salisbury
Crags, Edinburgh.
Form lium ilis Ach. Lioh. Univ. (1810) p. 608.—Laciniæ short,
aggregate, complicate, often flexuose ; soredia large, usually confluent,
Apothecia very ra re .—-Oromb. Journ. Bot. 1872 p. 73
Leight. Lich. F l. ed. 2, p. 475, ed. 3, ji. 8 8.— Lichenoides cornutum
hronchiale molle, suhtus incanum DiU. AIuso. 160, t. 21. f. 55 E.—
B r it. E x s . : Leight. u. 41 pro qiarte ; Larb. Lioh. I lb . n. 208.
Distinguisbed by the subpulvinate tballus, wbicb in its smaller states
is often almost covered by the confluent soredia. AVith us it is never
seen fertile.
Hab. On trees, pales, barn-doors, occasionally on rocks and stones, iu
maritime and upland tracts.—Distr. Local, though plentiful where it
occurs, throughout Englaud ; very rare in S. Scotland.—B. M. : Near
King’s Lynn, Norfolk; J,akenhani, Suffolk; Penshurst, K e n t; near
Jjyndhurst, New Forest, Hants; uear Penzance, Cornwall; Gopsall,
Leicestershire. Salisbury Crags, Edinburgh.
n
c. Thallus usually transversely or subreticulately unequal ;
cortical layer amorphous or subamorqihous.
8. R. ev ern io id e s Nyl. Alem. Soc. Cherb. v. (1857) p. 100, Bull.
Soo. Liun. Normand, ser. 2, iv. p. 153.—Thallus suberect, crowdedly
reticulato-rugose, or retioulato-scrobiculose, or th in ly rugulose and
pa rtly plane, oompressod, subopaque, vaiiously laciniate, whitish or
greenish straw-coloured ; laoiuiæ difform and variously divided,
more or loss soredioso-lacerate (medulla K —). Apotheoia moderate,
concave or somewhat plane, pale-testaceous or pale-glaucous, the
receptacle rugose beneath; sqiores oblong, slightly curved, 0,0 1 0 -1 5
mm. long, 0 ,0 0 3 5 -4 5 mm. thiok.— Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1872, p. 7 3 ;
Leight. Lioh. F l. ed. 2, p. 475, ed. 3, p. 8 8 .— Lichen pollinarius
Eng. Bot. t. 1607 (fig. e t descr. pro parte). Lichenoides lacunosmn
lacerum, latius Dill. AIuso. 163, t. 21. f. 57 A, n, c .—B rit. Exs. :
Leight. n. 41 pro parte ; Aludd, n. 46 pro qiarto ; Cromb. n. 131.
The thallus is somewhat soft aud often pliciform from rugosity. I t
varies considerably in size as well as in the breadth and divisions of the
laciniæ. The apotbecia occur sparingly in this countrj’, and the spermogones,
which are not frequent, are somewhat scattered, with spermatia
0,003-4 mm. long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick.
Hab. On the trunks of old trees, chiefly oaks, in wooded upland districts.—
Distr. General and common in S. and AV. England and S. and E.
Ireland ; rare in the Channel Islands ; not seen from Scotland.—B. AI. :
Dixcart, I.sland of Sark. Near AValtliamstow, Essex ; near Reigate,
Surrey; Eridge, near Tunbridge AA’ells and AVorthing, Sussex; Lydd,
Kent; Testwood Park (frt.) and near Lyndhurst (frt.). New Forest,
Hants; Bembridge, Isle of AVight; Ilsington, S. Devon; Endellion and
Tintagel, Cornwall; Bourton-on-AVater, Gloucestershire ; Stowe Park,
Buckinghamshire; Gopsall, Leicestershire; Ingleby, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
Near Belfast, co. Antrim.
Form m o n o p h y lla Cromh. Jo u rn . Bot. 1872, p. 73.—Thallus
pendulous, simple, broad, oblongo-rounded, very rugose, th e margin
entire. Apotheoia not seen.—Leight. Lioh. FI. ed. 3, p. 88.
Apparently distinct, with a simple, leaf-like thallus. I t has the same
relation to the type as the analogous form of var. ampliata has to
R. fraxinea. The soredia are rather large, aud the thalline reticulations
0 2
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