ii. p. 125. Biatorella pruinosa Mndd, Man. p. 191, t. 3. fig. 74.
Lichen pruinosus Sm. Eng. Bot. xxxii. (1811) t. 2244.—B r it. Exs. :
Leight. n. 300 ; Mudd, n. 100.
I t is only occasionally th at a thallus varying from whitish to dark
greyish is distinctly visible, so tbat the plant is often described as ecrustaceous.
AVere it not for tbe character of the spermogones it might
readily be taken for a polyspored Lecidea. A state occasionally occurs on
chalk pebbles in which the apotbecia are much smaller and subimmersed
as if calcivorous (var. immersa, Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 296).
Liab. On calcareous rocks and mortar of walls from mai-itime to upland
tracts.—Distr. General and common in Great Britaiu : probably also in
Ireland.—B. M. ; Shiere, Surrey ; Lewes, Sussex ; Shanklin, Isle of
Wight ; near Penzance, Cornwall ; Cirencester, Gloiicestershii'e ; near
Hereford: near Alalvern and Whittington, Worcestershire; Harboro’
Alagna, Warwickshire; near Corwen, Alerioneth; Bilsdale, Cleveland,
Yorkshire ; near Gainford, Durham ; Leven’s Park, Westmoreland.
Appin, Argyleshire; King’s Park, Stirling: Craig Tulloch, Blair A thole,
Perthshire ; near Aberdeen. Dunkatlial, co. Cork.
Eorm m id a Nyl. ex Lamy, Bull. Soo. Bot. t. xxv. (1878) p. 423.
■—Thallus littlo visible or entirely wanting. Apotheoia small or
moderate, reddish-brown, epruinose.— Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58.
Differs merely in the constantly naked apothecia, which probably
depends on habitat.
Ilab. On roeks, chiefly calcareous, rarely arenaceous, and mortar of
walls iu upland situations.—Distr. Only liere and there in Great B ritain ;
but no doubt often overlooked.—B. AI. : Egerton, Kent ; near Bovey
Tracey, S. Devon ; Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Alalvern, Worcestershire.
Appin, Argyleshire ; Ben Lawers and Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, P e rth shire
; Applecross, Ross-shire.
A'ar. ft. a lh o c in c ta Cromb.—Thallus obsolete. Apothecia th in ly
pruinose or naked, with a w'hite pruinose epithalline margin ; o th erwise
as in the type.
Looks entirely lecanorine and as if the type of the species, but has no
gouidia intruded in the spurious margin, which becomes evanescent in
age. I t is probably the plant referred to by Th. AI. Fries in Lich. Scand.
p. 407, s. n. Lecidea immersa var. ft. atrosanguinea Somm. Suppl. Fl. Lapp,
p. 162 ; hut as the latter I. c. says th a t the margin is “ black,” I have
named it as above. The apothecia in tbe two British specimens seen are
here and there congregate when the epithalline margin is flexuose.
Hab. On the mortar of a wall in an upland district. —Distr. Extremely
local and scarce in AV. England.—B. AI. ; Alathon, Alalvern Hills, AA’orcestershire.
194. L. eu c a rp a Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro E. e t El. Eenn. Forh. xi.
(1871) p. 184.—Thallus absent or scarcely any visible. Apotheoia
large, lecideine, often aggregate, a t first concave th en plane, black,
dark-reddish when m oist, reddish within, th e m argin black,.persistent ;
hypothecium th iu , blaokish-brown ; spores oblongo-ellipsoid, 0 ,0 0 4 -
5 mm. long, about 0,002 mm. thiok ; hymenial gelatine deep-bluish
with iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58.— Lecanora glaueocarpa
forma eucarpa Leight. Lich. F l. p. 183, ed. 3, p. 168. Lecidea
eucarpa Nyl. Bot. Not. 1863, p. 163.
Looks as if it descended from L. glaueocarpa (athalline), but from the
type of the apothecia it belongs to this section. ’These are either simple
and umbilieately affixed or several couuate in a common umbilicus. The
lower stratum of the hypotlieoiuin, as observed by Nylander, is tbin,
black. The peculiar fructification at once distinguishes it from all the
allied species.
Hab. On granitic rocks in maritime districts.—Distr. Very local and
scarce in the Channel Islands and those of S.AV. England.—B. AI. : AVest
coast of Guernsey. Scilly Islands, Cornwall.
* "1 9 5 . L. p r iv ig n a Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 69.—Thallus obsolete.
Apotheoia plane, small or submoderate, usually approximate, rounded
or angulose, brick-red when moist, blackish when dry, th e margin
black, en tire or flexuose, persistent ; spores 0 ,0 0 3 -4 mm. long,
0,0015 mm. th io k ; hypothecium colourless; paraphyses slender,
jo in ted , brownish a t th e conglutinate apices ; hymenial gelatine
bluish, then sordid or slightly tawny w ith iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea,
xix. p. 58.—Lecanora fuscata var. p rivigna Cromh. Lioh. Brit. p. 56.
L . squamulosa ioxma, p riv ig n a Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 185, ed. 3, p. 170.
Lecidea p r iv ig n a Ach. Aleth. Lioh. (1803) p. 49 ; 8m. Eng. El. v.
p. 184. Lichen simplex Eng. Bot. t. 2152 (two rig ht-hand figs.).—
B r it. E xs. : Larb. Lioh. Ilb . n. 254.
Apparently a distinct species intermediate as it were between L.
pruinosa form nuda and less plicate states of L . simplex. From both,
however, it diifers in tlie characters given, though more nearly allied to
the latter. The apothecia are frequeutly in groups with the margin
constantly black.
Hah. On arenaceous and granitic rocks in maritime tracts.—Distr.
Only here and tliere in the Channel Islauds, S. and N. England, aud the
E. coast of Scotland.—B. AI. : St. Brelade’s Bay, Island of Jersey ; Island
of Alderney. Tyneside, near Byw'ell, Northumberland. South of Bay
of Nigg, Kmcardineshire ; Old Alachar, near Aberdeen.
196. L. h y p o p hæ a Nyl. Flora, 1870, p. 34 .—Thallus effuse, thin,
granulato-unequal, greyish or greyish-green (K — ). Apotheoia
submoderate, lecideine, blackish or dark-sanguineous, a t first plane
with th e margin suhcrenulate or unequal, black, a t len g th convex
with the margin excluded ; paraphyses m oderate or thiokish, jointed,
amher-browii a t tho apices ; hypothecium colourless, infúscate
b en e a th ; spores oblong, 0,00-5-6 mm. long, 0,0015 mm. th io k ;
hymenial gelatine bluish, th en w ine-red or tawny-reddish with iodine.
—Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. p. 97 ; Leight. Lich. El. p. 186, ed. 3, p. 172.
A'ery near tbe preceding species, but difiers in the cliaracter of the
paraphyses and the darker lower stratum of the hypothecium. I t would
difier also externally in the presence of a thallus were this really proper,
which is rather doubtful. The two British specimens are well fertile.
Liab. On granitic stones of a wall in a lowland submaritime district.—
Distr. Extremely local and rare in N.E. Scotland.—B. AI. ; Near Old
Alachar Cathedral, Aberdeen.