Form re tlis a Aoli. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 443.—ïh a llu s cæspitoso-
erect, shortly laciniate ; laeiniæ crowded and retuso-emarginato at
the aqnoes^. ^ Aqiothecia uot .seen.—Cromb. Linu. Soc. Journ. liot.
xvii. p. 560.—Parmelia p ru n a stri ft. retusa Aoh. Moth. (1803)
p. 257. Lichenoides cornutum hronchiale molle, suhtus incanum
Dill. Muse. 160, t. 21. f. 55.
Cxrows iu dense tufts J to 1 in. iu height, and ofteu sjireads extensivelv.
It occurs only sterile, and is more or less sorediiferous.
Hah. On old pales, chiefly larch, in upland aud sometimes iu lowland
districts.—Histr. Seen from only a few localities in S. England, E. and
N. Scot'and.—li. M. ; Near Millhill, Middlesex. Park, near Aberdeen ;
Lairg, Sutherlandshire.
^ Var. ft. stictocera Hook, in Sm. Eng. Fl. v. (1833) p. 224.__
Ih a llu s decumbent, subpendulous or prostrate, suboompressed,
greenish sul])hur-coloured, concolorous on both surfaces; laciniæ
somewhat narrow, a tten u a te a t th e apices, often with minute brown
or})lackish tubercles. Apotbecia very ra re .—Cromb. Grevillea, xv.
p. 7 4 ; Alndd, Mail. p. 62 ; Cromb. Idch. Hr. p. 25 ; Loight. Lich. FL
p. 01, ed. 3, p. 8'h—Lichen stictoceros Sm. Eng. Bot. (1802) 1 .1353.
Evernia girunastri var. gracilis Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1872, p. 233 ;
Leight. Lioh. El. ed. 3, p. 83. Lichen p ru n a s tr i ft Huds. Fl. Angl.
ed. 2, p. 541 ; AVith. A rr. ed. 3, iv. p. 53 pro parte. Lichenoides
cornicidatum candidmn molle, segmentis anqustis Dili. Muse. 150
t. 2 1 .f . 54.
Distinguished by the narrower (in corticole plants rather broader),
more cyhndrical hicinias, and especially by being concolorous on both
surfaces. I t approaches E. divarivatn, which does not occur in our
Islands. The laciniæ occasionally put forth transverse lacinioli, are but
sparingly sorediate, and sprinkled, chiefly at the apices, with peculiar
toreign (algoid p) tubercles (not true cephalodia). The apothecia are
extremely rare, and are seen only on corticole specimens.
Huh. On hare sandy soil, and on heather in sandy soil in maritime
tracts, rarely on the trunks of aged firs in mountainous districts.—Distr
Local and scarce in the Channel Islands, S. England, and on the Gram-'
pians, Scotland,—B. AI. : Quenvais, Island of Jersey. Lydd Beach,
Kent ; Exmonth Downs, S. Devon. Stronaclacban and Finlarig AVoods’
Killin, Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Deerhill AVood, Forfarshire.
2. E. furfui-aeea F r. Lioh. Eur. (1831) p. 26 .—Thallus asccndin<r,
pendulous, or prostrate, laciniose, furfuraceous, groj'ish or greyish?
green ; beneath subcanaliculate, black or cæsio-black, with a few
rhizinæ at the base ; laciniæ muoh and dichotomously branched,
lineari-attenuate, incurved a t the margins (X+yeHowish^ CaCl“ )
Apothecia subpedicellato, moderate or large, concave, badio-reddisli
th e margin th in , intlexed ; s|)ores 0,0 0 7 -1 0 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 -5 mm’
Hiick.—Mndd. Alan. p. 71 ; Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 24 ; Leight. Lieh.
Fl. p. 00, ed. 3, p. 82.— Borrera furfuracea Gray, Nat. A rr i p 435 •
Hook. Fl. Soot. ii. p. 54 ; Sm. Eng. FI. v. p. 223. Parm'elia f a l
furacea, la y l. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 144. Lichen furfuraceus Linn.
Sp IT ( 1 7 5 3 ) p. 1 1 4 6 ; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 450 ; Lightf. Fl. Soot. ii.
pi 832 ; AVith. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 56. UchenoidfS cornutum amaram
superne cinereum, inferne nigrum Dill. AIuso. 157, t. 21. f . . 1« • ' * •
E.VS. : Loight. n. 37 ; Aludd, n. 40.
T h e furfur with which the thallus is usually covered above, and the
dilierent colours of the upper and the lower surfaces, readily prevent this
beili»- coiifouiided with E. prunastri. Occasionally, when growing on the
tops’’of stone walls, it is somewhat orbicular, depressed, and loosely
adnate with a verv few obscure rliizmæ towards the point ot attachment.
ILe vmTatimis in 'tlie laciniæ give rise to the several forms descnhed
below. The apothecia, which at length become plane and large, aie
rarely seen in Britain. The spermogones and spermatia are as in the
preceding species.
Hah On the trunks of trees, old pales, walls, and sometimes rocks, m
W le s e a Arkii dale and Farndale, Yorkshire ; Eglestone Durham ;
KeStaere’ n J r Kendal, AVestmoreland ; Chillingham Park, N orthnmber-
lind. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Swanston
burgh - Glenfalloch, Argyleshire; Blaeberry Ilill, Glen Lochay, Killm,
and Gl’en Lyon Perthshire; Deerhill AVood and Johnston llill, 1 oitai-
t ó e Inveîcaidd, Auchindryiie, and Castleton, Braemar ; Glen Nevis,
Inverness-shire. Loug’li Bray, near Unhlin.
Form 1. n u d a Cromb. Grovilloa, xv. (1 8 8 7 ) p. 7 4 .--T h a llu s
smaller ; laciniæ shorter, broader, somewhat plane, pale ami
th ere subviolet, n a k e i.— Borrera furfaracea />. nuda Aoh. Lich. Lniv.
(1810) p. 500.
A smaller plant, with the thallus entirely glabrous and the laciniæ
broader. The apothecia are not present in our specimens.
TTah On old pales aud the trunks of birches in upland situations.—
n i t e Fm ln J n iy sparingly in the S.AV. Highlands and the N. Grampians,
Scotland.—B.A1. ; Crianlarich, Perthshire ; Morrone, Braemai, Abeideen
shire.
Form 2. scoUcina Nyl. Lioh. Soand. (1801) p. 73.—Lacimæ
broader, densely isidioso-fiirfuraceous or isidioso-bbrillose ; o th erwise
as p. ()()— Piua rmtheel ia furfuracea y . sIcoh-ieinJa A ePh. M- ethn. (1 8St0e3D) p. 2o5.
Differs chieflv in being crowdedly iridiiferous ; the thallus is usually
dark greyish arid the laciniæ less branched, broader and lacero-laciniate
S s the a S s . I t is rarely fertile ; the apothecia occasionally have
both the margin and the back of the receptacle minutely isidiose.
Hah. On the trunks of trees, old pales and stone walls "P
d istric ts.-JF s ir. Bather local, though plentiiul m
h'noland • but cliiefly in the Grampians, Scotland.—B. AL. Gopsall,
P? 3 Leicertershire ; Malvern, WorcÒ^stershire. Killin and Beu Lawers,
Perthshire; Castleton of Braemar, Aberdeeushire; Kothiemuichus,
Inverness-shire.