‘ i
reum ma ximum Dill, in Hay Syn. ed. 3, p. 70, n. 86.— B rit. E.rs. :
Leight. n. 7 4 : Aludd, n. 6 4 ; Croiub. n. 37.
The familiar “ Tree Luugwort,” wlieu fully developed, is one of the
largest, as it is one of the most common, of the British species of this
tribe. I t varies considerably in the breadth and divisions of the lobes,
old plants being much broader and less laciniate. The thallus, whicli
hangs loosely from tlie trunk.s on which it grows, is more or less shining,
especially in young plants, while the laciniæ are often whitish sorediate
aud isidiate at the margius. Usually also seriately arranged soredia and
occasionally isidia are present iu the costæ between the faveolæ. States
iu which the isidia are numerous and crowded form the variety papillaris
Del. Stict. p. 144, t. 17. f. 63. With us it is comparatively rare in a
fertile condition, though the apothecia are sometimes very miraerous.
Hah. On the trunks of forest trees, especially old oaks, in mountainou.s
regions, rarely ou mossy rocks in maritime di.stricts.—Distr. General and
for the most part plentiful iu the Channel Islands, the more Western
tracts of Great Britain, and probably of Ireland ; fruiting more freely in
the S.AV. Highlands ot Scotland.—B. AI. ; Boulay Bay, Island of .Jersey ;
Island of Guernsey. Near Loughton, Essex ; near Lydd, Kent; Hyde
and Ap])uldurcomb, Isle ot AA’ight; New Eorest, Hants ; Lydford, Tot-
iies, Buckfastleigh, and Ivy Bridge, Devonshire ; Boconnoc, Pentire, St.
Alinver, and near Penzance, Cornwall ; Biyer Island, Scilly ; Chedwortli
AA’oods, near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Bagley AA’ood, near Oxford ;
Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire; near Ludlow, Shropshire. Cader
Idris, Rhewgreidden, Aberdovey, and Barmouth, Alerionethshire ; near
DolgeUy, Bettws-y-Coed, Denbighshire; Conway and Devil’s Bridge,
Carnarvonshire ; Beaumaris, island of Anglesea ; Kildale, Cleveland,
A'orkshire; Eglestone and ’Teesdale, Diirliam; near Grassmere, AA’estmoreland
; Cheviots, Northumberland ; Patterdale and Cald- r xAbbey,
Cumberland. New Gallowav, Kirkcudbrightshire ; near Aloliat, Dumfriesshire
; Pentland Hills and ’l'urfiii Hill, near Edinburgh ; Inverary, head
of Loch Awe, Barcaldine, and Appin, .Argyleshire; The Trossacbs, Loch
Katrine, and Killin, Perthshire; Reeky Linn, Lundie Craigs, and Clova,
Forfarshire ; Dunottai- Castle, Kincardineshire ; Craig Chmy and Corriemulzie,
Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; S. of Fort AVilliam, Inverness-shire ;
xApplecross, Ross-shire. Dinish and Ronayne's Island, Killarney, co.
Kerry ; Lough Iiiagh, co. Galway.
A’ar. pleurocarpa Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 450 (Cromh. Exs. n. 137), is a
state in which the apothecia are abortive, tuberculoso-diftbrm and brownish
black in consequence of being the host of Cdidium stictarum, Tub
In the Aliiseum herbarium there are specimens showing this condition
from the following localities ;—Bocconoc, Cornwall ; Hafod, Cardiganshire
; Own Bychan, Alerioneth. Appin and head of Loch Awe, Argyleshire
; The Trossacbs, Perthshire; Cawdor AA’oods, Nairn.
Form 1. hypomela Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1887) p. 76.— Thallua
w ith th e interstices of th e under surface re ticu la te writh black rh i-
ziiiæ. Apotheoia with the thalline margin riigoso-crenulate,— Sticta
pnlmonaeea var. hypomela Del. Stict. (1825) p. 144, t. 17. f. 64 ;
Nyl. Syn. i. p. 352. — Brit. Exs. : Cromb. ii. 136.
Approaches L. retiyera (Ach.), an exotic species, in the character of the
thallus beneath, which probably results from the habitat, the type itself
at times having the rhizinæ dark brown. AA’ith us it is seldom well
fruited.
Hab. On the trunks of old trees and on mossy rocks in maritime and
mountainous districts.—Distr. Seen only in a characteristic state from
S.AV. England, N. AVales, the S. and W. Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI.
Bryer Island, Seilly, Cornwall ; Bettws-y-Coed, Denbighshire. Inverary
and Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Glen Lochay, Perthshire ; by Loch Linnhe,
Inverness-shire.
Form 2. aggregata Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1877) p. 76.—Thallus
with cephalodioid tubercles, either simplo or small and aggregate,
testaceous or somewhat d a rk.— Sticta pnlmonaeea var. aggregata
Del. Stict. (1825) p. 123, t. 17. f. 62.
Differs from tlie state pleurocarpa in bearing, not apothecia, but peculiar
tubercles, which are rarely present ou the under surface of the thallus.
Hah. On the trunks of old oaks in wooded mountainous districts.—
Distr. Found only in the S.AA’. Highlands, Scotland.—B. AI. ; luverary,
Argyleshire.
47. STICTA Sohreb. iu Linn. Gen. PL ed. 8, ii. (1791) p. 768 ;
Nyl. Syn. i. (1800) p. 351 ; Flora, 1875, pp. 303, 363.—’Phallus
lobate or laciniate, often more or less sorediiferous, beneath with
simple rhizinæ {rhizohyphce), cyphellate or pseudooyphellate ; goni-
dial layer consisting of gonidia. Apotheoia leoanoroid or parmeleine,
with variously septate spores. Spermogones as in th e preceding
genera.
Distinguished from Loharia hy the thallus being cyphellate beneath
and not serobiculose above. From the character of the apothecia it may,
like Stictina, be divided into two subgenera, viz. Eusticta and Parmosticta,
the former with lecanorine and the latter with parmeleine apotheoia.
Nearly all the species are exotic, but one seen nowhere else in Europe
occurs in Great Britain.
Subgenus EUSTICTA Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1887) p. 76.—
Thallus beneath cyphellate or pseudooyphellate. Apotheoia leoanoroid.
a. Cyphellatæ.— Thallus cyphellate beneath, the cyphellæ
thelotremoid or urceolate.
1. S. damæcornis Nyl. form latior Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1887)
p. 76.—’Thallus expanded, smooth, slightly shining, laciniate, pale
brownish-red ; beneath tomentose, dark brown, paler a t the circumference
; lobes somewhat broadly dilated, sinuate, dichotomous and
retuso-truncate a t the apices. Apotliecia moderate, chiefly marginal,
reddish-brown, th e margin entire or ohsoletely crenulate ; spores
fusiform, 1 -3-septate, 0 ,0 2 6 -3 6 mm. long, 0,0 0 8 -1 1 mm. thick.—
Sticta damæcornis a. macrophylla Aludd, Alan. p. 89 ; Cromb. Lieli,
Brit. p. 32 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 119, ed. 3, p. 112. Sticta macrop
h y lla Hook, in Sm. Eng. F l. v. p. 205 ; Tayl. in Alack. Fl. Hib. ii.
p. 150 ; Borr. in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2697.—The specific name
macrophylla, having been previously given by Delise (1825) to an