Cladonia gracilis var. cornuta Leight. Lich. F l. p. 62, cd. 3, p. 58.
Lichen cornutus Linn. Sp. PL (1753) p. 1152.—This is uo t Lichen
cornutus of British authors : vide G. Jihida var. subcomuta and
C. maeilenta.
Thougli hy some regarded as a variety or subspecies of C. gracilis, yet
from the podetia being corticate only to beyond the middle and then more
or less pulverulent upwards, it may rank as a distinct species. The basal
leaflets are uot unfreqneutly present; and the podetia, whioh are 2-4 in.
high, are quite naked. In British specimens the apothecia and spermogones
are extremely rare.
ILab. Aniong mosses on the ground on heaths aud in woods in upland
tracts.—Distr. Seen only from N. England and the Grampians, Scotland.
—B. M .: Ayton Aloor, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Slierrifimuir, near Stirling;
Rannoch and Killiecrankie, P erthshire; BaUocbbiiie Forest,Braemar,
Aberdeenshire; Rothienmrchus, Inverness-shire.
Form clavulns F r. Lich. E u r. (1831) p. 225.—Podetia short,
somewhat turgid, corticate from below th e m id d le ; soyphi none.
A stunted, stouter form, with the podetia sometimes pulverulent
throughout, except towards the base. I t apparently never occurs scypbi-
ferous or fertile.
Jlab. On turf-walls in upland districts.—Distr. Extremely local and
scarce among the Central and N. Granipiaus, Scotland.—B. AI.; Rannoch,
Perthshire; Glen Quoicb, Braemar.
13. C. ochrochlora Florke, Clad. (1821) p. 76.— Thallus foliaceo-
squamulose a t th e b a s e ; squamules laoiniato-crenate, g reenish above,
white b e n e a th ; podetia somewhat short, cylindrical, glabrous in the
lower portion and pale grecnish-grcy, pulverulent above and w hitish
or ochroleuoous, obtuse and tru n ca te a t th e apices or narrowly
soyphiferous, w ith th e margins dentato-radiate (K—, CaCl—).
Apotheoia small, pale brown.—Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 112.— Cladonia
graeilis var. ochrochlora Leight. Lioh. F l. p. 63, ed. 3, p. 59.
O. p y x id a ta t. ochrochlora Mudd, Brit. Clad. p. 14.—B r it. E x s .:
Mudd, Clad. 2 4 -2 6 .
This approaches in some respects suhsp. C. fibula, and in others
C. cornuta; but as it constantly preserves its own type, it may be regarded
as distinct. The podetia are occasionally sparingly squamulose (var. phyl-
lostrota Florke), and the scyphi are rarely proliferous. In this country
it seldom occurs fertile, tbougb the spermogones are not uncommon.
Jlah. On putrid trunks and turfy soil in wooded upland districts.—
Distr. Somewhat local aud rare iu S.W. and N. England, iu S. Scotland,
and in the W. Highlands.—B. AI.: Near Beckey Falls, S. Devon ; near
Bodmin, Cornwall; Alalvern, Worcestershire; Dolgelly, Alerionetbsbire;
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Windermere, Westmoreland. New Gallowajq
Kirkcudbrightsbire ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Loch Katrine, Perthshire ;
S. of Fort William, Inveruess-shire.
Form ceratodes Fldrke, Clad. (1821) p. 77.—Podetia slender,
cylindrical or somewhat ventricoso, simple, subulate a t tho apices..—
Cromh. Grevillea, xi. p. 112.— Cladonia p y x id a ta I. ochrochlora
a. ceratodes Mudd, B rit. Glad. p. 14.—B r it. E xs. : Mudd, Clad. n . 23.
This differs chiefly in the form of the apices of the podetia, and apparently
never occurs with apotbecia.
Jlab. On putrid trunks aud turf-walls in sbady upland districts.—Distr.
Apparently local and scarce in S.AV. and N. England and among the
Central Scottish Grampians.—B. AI. : Beckey Falls, S, Devon ; near Bodmin,
Cornwall ; Loundsdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Ennerdale, Cumberland.
Rannodi, Perthshire ; Loch Linnhe, Inverness-shire.
14. C. verticillata Fldrke, Clad. (1828) p. 26.—Thallus foliaoeo-
squamulose a t the base ; leaflets few, small, laoiniiform, orenato-
incised, dark-olive or greyish-green ; podetia corticate, glabrous,
elongato-turbinato, soyphiferous, glaucous- or brownish-green ;
soyphi regular, plane, denticulate a t the margin, a t length repeatedly
proliferous (2 -4 times) from th e somewhat elevated centre (K —,
CaCl — ). Apothecia moderate, brown or reddish.—Leight. Lioh. Fl.
p. 63, ed. 3, p. 59.— Cladonia, gracilis suhsp. verticillata Cromh. Lioh.
Brit. p. 19. Cladonia eervicornis p . verticillata Mudd, B rit. Clad,
p. 5. C. graeilis p. verticillata Aludd, Man. p. 54. Scyphophora
verticillata Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 418. Cladonia p y x id a ta var. verticillata
Hoffm. Deutsch. F l. (1795) p. 122. Licheii p y x id a tu s p .
pro parte, Huds. F l. Angl. p. 552 ; AVith. Arr. od. 3, iv. p. 36.
Lichenoides tubulosum p y x id a tum proliferum Dill. AIuso. 80. t. 14.
f. 6 D - n ; in Bay, Syn. ed. 3, 69. 29.—B r it. Exs. : Mudd, Clad,
n. 3.
From C. gracilis, of which some make it a variety or subspecies, this is
distinguisbed by the scyphi being at length 2-4 times proliferous from
tbe centre, tbe uppermost scyplms being shorter and narrower. I t
approaches also C. verticillaris Alont., but is well separated by tbe basal
thallus. In this country it is rarely fertile.
Hab. On mossy rocks and boulders in maritime and upland districts.—
Distr. Local and scarce in S., W., and N. England, very rare in Scotland
audin N.W. Ireland (Connemara, Galway), as also in the Channel Islands ;
tbougli it is no doubt more generally distributed.—B. AI. ; Noirmont, Island
of Jersey. Broadwater Forest, Sussex ; St. Breock, Cornwall ; Delamere
Forest, 'Cheshire ; Ayton Aloor and Baysdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ;
Swinliope Fell, Nortbumberland. Glen Lochay, Killin, Perthshire ;
Aloor of Alorrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
Form laciniolata Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xi. (1883) p. 112.—
Laciniæ elongate and narrow a t th e base ; podetia with the soyphi
laoiniolose a t the margins.
This may he a distinct variety,
I t is a luxuriant plant, with the apo-
thecia numerous and dark brown.
Hab. On exposed rocks in moist places in upland districts.—Distr.
Found only sparingly in S.AA’. England and the S.W. Highlands, Scotland.—
B. AI.: Cam Galya, near Penzance, Cornwall. Barcaldine,
Argylesliire.